Chifukwa umafuna Tower wa Pisa? Kutalika kwa atatsamira Tower wa Pisa

Ngati ife kulankhula za wotchuka belu nsanja ya dziko, wotchuka kwambiri Mosakayika ndi atatsamira Tower. Mzinda umene ali pamalo otsetsereka a campanile ndi 3 ° 54 '? digiri Izi si noticeable yekha mu nyumba yapamwamba. Ndipo belu nsanja monga mazira mu kugwa kwake. Mosakayikira, mzinda wa Pisa, ndipo pali zambiri zokopa zina. Osati kanthu kuti UNESCO m'gulu ake List Heritage World (pa chiwerengero 395), dera lonse la Prato de A Miracoli. Dzinali likumasuliridwa kuti "Field ya Zozizwitsa". Ndi mobatizira wa San Giovanni, ndi Camposanto manda, ndi Duomo anadzipereka kwa Dormition wa Virgin - ndi zolengedwa zamatsenga a zomangamanga akale ndi Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Koma belu nsanja ya Santa Maria Assunta - chinthu china chapadera. malo onse mukuona kufunika kukaona Prato de A Miracoli kuti "limbikitse mmwamba" chala chake (I, Batman, ndi anandipulumutsa ine atatsamira Tower wa Pisa - zithunzi za mtundu ambiri). Koma m'nkhani ino ife tiyang'ana pa chifukwa belu nsanja kugwa, kodi kutalika kwake ndi nkhani zosangalatsa kugwirizana nazo.

Pisa ndi zokonda zake

Cathedral mokondera anaika mu "mthunzi" chabe wa belu wotchuka nsanja kugwa. Adzachita kupita, komanso mu mobatizira Ioanna Predtechi. Koma M'dera lina la Prato de A Miracoli zowoneka mumzinda si wotopa. Mpingo - St. Francis wa ku Assisi, Santa Maria Della wolumala, San Paolo ndi Ripa-d'Amo, Catherine, Frediano, Stephen, San Michele, St. Papayu, ndi ena - ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwa Italy Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Tiyeneranso kukaona obisika wakale wa St. Anthony. Ayenera kupatsidwa tambirimbiri wapadera chidwi ndi zokhalamo za Pisa Royal Palazzo Reale, ndi Medici, Lanfranchi, Agostini, dell'Orologio, Karovana, Borgo Stretto. Pisa monyadira mmodzi wa yunivesite yakale kwambiri ku Ulaya. maphunziro zovuta nyumba alinso chosaiwalika mbiri. Anthu ambiri mu mzindawu ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi. Wotchuka wa iwo: San Matteo, Villa di Korliano, Delle-Sinop, Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, ndi Medici zida ndi Fortezza di San Gallo.

Chifukwa umafuna Tower wa Pisa: Bakuman

Za pang'onopang'ono "kugwa" a belu nsanja pali nthano wokongola. Zimamveka zaka zoposa mazana asanu zapitazo, mu 1173, chifukwa pomanga Campanile anatenga mbuye Bonanno Pisano. Iye analenga zodabwitsa nsangalabwi nsanja, adakonzeka ndi arches ake ndi reliefs. Koma akuluakulu a boma chifukwa ena anakana kupereka wamanga analonjeza amalipiritsa. Ndiye wokwiya mbuye ananena kwa zolengedwa zake: "Nditowere!" Ndipo anasamuka kum'mwera. Ndipo - onani ndipo tawonani - belu nsanja ola lomwelo anatsamira umenewu. nthumwi mantha yomweyo analipira zonse ngongole ndi mgwirizano. Campanile chisanu, ndipo zimenezi wakhalapo kwa zaka eyiti. Kodi anatuluka izo? Only dzina la mbuye. Koma Bonanno Pisano anakwanitsa kumanga apansi atatu okha m'munsi wa tchalitchi mkulu. Ndipo iko kunali basi anamaliza zitatha zaka mazana awiri, mu 1360. Iwo anali chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi belu - patapita zaka.

cholakwa, omwe anakhala chosaiwalika

Ndi nthawi kuyankha funso la chifukwa nsanja okonda a Pisa. Kwa nthawi yaitali ankaganiza kuti - lingaliro la katswiri wa zomangamanga. Koma izi sizili choncho. The wamanga poyambirira, ngakhale mawu a zomangamanga, analakwitsa kuwerengetsera lapansi. Pa kutalika adafotokoza la nsanjayo, anapeza chochepa (mamita atatu okha lonse) maziko. Ndipo pambali, sindinkafuna onani pansi pantchitoyo. Matope ndi nthaka dongo pansi kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa nsanja anayamba kutchinga kuti tisaone ndi kumira. cholakwa anatulukira mwa zaka zisanu pambuyo anayamba kumanga, pamene anali pafupi mapeto a lachitatu zipilala mphete (1178). The otsetsereka a campanile yosatha analipo pa nthawi imeneyo pang'ono. Pambuyo nyumba yosanja katatu anali mu msinkhu wa mamita khumi. Pereka pa olamulira ofukula anali masentimita anayi. Koma zochitika zimenezi zinachititsa Bonanno Pisano ndi wachiwiri wake Guglielmo wa Innsbruck kusiya ntchito ndi chikopa ina osadziwika.

Amafuna kuti atsirizitse campanile

Vuto limeneli silinali kwambiri banki, koma ambiri kukula makhalidwe a zopatuka olamulira choimirira. Amathandiza inaimitsidwa, koma osati kwambiri chifukwa cha mavuto ndi nyumba, koma chifukwa cha nkhondo. Mu 1233 pansi lachinayi Campanile yatha. Pambuyo nkhondo angapo nthumwi mzinda m'nthawi ya cinai, anaganiza kuti apitirize kumanga. Banki pa nthawi imeneyo kale adawuka theka mita. Iwo anatenga Dzhovanni Di Simone. M'malo kufufuza ndi kumvetsa chifukwa lapendekeka nsanja ya Pisa, anayamba kumanga pansi wachisanu. Mamangidwe awa ndi bwino pangozi kugwa, ndi mbuye anakana kupitiriza ntchito yomanga. Ndipotu, mwa mawu a Bonanno Pisano campanile wa tchalitchi chachikulu cha Pisa izo pathupi nyumba khumi storey ndi belfry pamtenje wa khumi ndi ciwiri. Choncho, dongosolo lonse, kwa ulemerero wa Mulungu ndi mzinda kukhala wamtali ndi mamita anayi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.

Kuyesa kukonza cholakwa

Mu 1350 wazomangamanga wotchuka Tommaso Di Andrea amadzinenera malizitsani ntchito anzake amene analipo m'mbuyomo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, banki kale anali masentimita makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu ziwiri. The wamanga anaphunzira funso la chifukwa nsanja okonda a Pisa, ndipo anazindikira kuti - mu nthaka. nthaka ndi munthu kusintha singakwanitse, koma zingakhudze mapulani yomanga. Ndipo iye anapanga kuwerengetsera awo kusintha zina. Pansi lotsatira la nsanjayo anamanga khumi masentimita kwambiri ndi mumbali mbali kuposa anafunsa counterweight ku banki. Master anasiya lingaliro pachiyambi kwambiri mkulu campanile. Iye yekha okha tiers eyiti. Kumanga osati korona denga, ndi belu anapanga zamkuwa. Koma kukana izi wa simenti anayi okha kaye kugwa mosalephera. Mlingo wa ndingaliro ya Campanile wakhala kukula likunena chaka chilichonse.

Bell nsanja ndi Galileo

Musaiwale kuti atatsamira Tower ali okonzeka ndi masitepe mkati ndi masitepe 294. Tsopano mukhoza akwere pa iwo chosangalira ndi panorama chidwi cha mzinda. Koma kale malo ndinakwera nsanja Galileo Galilei. Pamaso pa aphunzitsi awiri a Natural Sciences ya University of Pisa, iye anaponya belu nsanja ndi zinthu mumbali kulemera osiyana kutsimikizira chiphunzitso yokoka.

kupulumutsidwa kampeni

Nthawiyi wokongola chilengedwe Roma kalembedwe anapitiriza kuti asasiye olamulira ofukula imathamanga millimeter wina pa chaka. Mu zaka mazana makumi awiri akatswiri anafika chigamulo: ngati simuchita kanthu, kukonza n'kugwa patapita zaka makumi anai kapena makumi asanu. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1994, iye zinachitika kampeni lonse kupulumutsa pamaso izi. Kutalika kwa atatsamira Tower wa Pisa pa mamita 56,7 amakonda mwawi eni kunja. Makamaka chimango ichi, zivute zitani kusokoneza maonekedwe a chilengedwe ichi mwaluso. Ndipo chifukwa asayansi anatsika ku muzu wa "kugwa kwa nsanja" - malo. Mu '90s mochedwa ngati muyeso wosakhalitsa chifukwa chakumpoto kwa kapu anaika kumanga mipiringidzo patsogolo. Izi zotsutsana ndi kuletsa kugwa ndipo ngakhale yafupika mpukutu theka digiri. Koma sindinasiye Owapulumutsa. Kenako centimeter, nakokera zofewa dothi dongo kum'mwera ndi kutibwezera ndi m'pomveka. Chifukwa cha maphunziro awa okha inatha mu 2010 chaka, otsetsereka atatsamira Tower utachepa 5 ° 30 '(mu 1990) masiku ano 3 ° 54'. Kugulu, analengeza kuti chipilala a zomangamanga sanalinso "kugwa" m'Baibulo.

Kukongola Campanile ndi

Mu chilungamo tisaiwale kuti pali nyumba zambiri ndi bwino looneka otsetsereka mu dziko. Mwachitsanzo, mlingo wa kuweramira akale Gothic tchalitchi Zuurhuzen ku East Friesland (Germany) ndi madigiri 1,22 kuposa atatsamira Tower wa Pisa. Ndipo pa nthawiyi mpingo German ali mu Guinness Book. Koma atatsamira Tower wa Pisa, amene chithunzi kalekale ndi "amadziwika" wa mzinda, ndi amazipanga kukongola nayenso. Iwo anali ndi pathupi ndi yamphamvu dzenje mwala. Carrara nsangalabwi a mitundu awiri - woyera ndi imvi - zimapangitsa izo ngati zingwe. Classic mitu amaveka korona zipilala elongated nthaka pansi. Onse wotsatira tiers asanu ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi arcades kaso ndi tambirimbiri. Tympanum khomo ndi korona ndi chosema wa Madonna ndi wodula Child Andrea Guardi.