France Religion. Communication Culture ndi chipembedzo ku France

France - Dziko ndi ufulu wa chipembedzo. Chipembedzo wotchuka pano - Catholic Chikhristu, Chisilamu, Chiyuda. Malinga ndi kafukufuku amene amachitika 2010, 27% ya anthu French kukhulupirira kuti Mulungu aliko, 33% anati kuti iwo amavomereza kuli mtundu wina wa mphamvu kapena nzeru apamwamba ndi 40% anati iwo sanali kukhulupirira ngakhale Mulungu kapena pamaso pa munthu moyo, palibe mphamvu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, France akhoza chimodzi cha limati kwambiri boma. Koma chikhalidwe ndi chikhulupiriro mu dziko lino n'zogwirizana. Choncho chimene chiri chipembedzo kawirikawiri France ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani pali ena? Izi m'nkhani ino.

mwachidule mbiri

Mu Zakachikwi otsiriza France amakhalabe ndi limodzi mwa mayiko amene European kumene lingaliro ankaona chipembedzo cha Chikatolika. Kuyambira nthawi ya Karla Velikogo ndi pamaso kuwuka kwa Chiprotestanti m'zaka za m'ma 16, boma anali mmodzi wa wamphamvu kwambiri pa Africa kumene Chikatolika, kupatula likamanena chikhalidwe, unali wofunika yekha wa Chikhristu. Mu France, mbe Chikatolika, pamene m'madera ena a ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo England, Switzerland, mbiri yakale Netherlands, ambiri a Germany ndi Scandinavia, chogwidwa ndi zosiyanasiyana Chiprotestanti.

Pambuyo ulimi wa 1798 chipembedzo cha France anabweretsa pansi pa ulamuliro boma ndi cholinga kusunga mzimu woukira boma. Madera kumene kumakhala Amonke kuti unatha. Koma mu 1801, Napoleon anasaina pangano ndi Vatican, imene udindo wa mpingo limzake.

Religion mu France m'zaka 19

Pa zana lino, dziko funso mwalamulo ankaona boma Katolika. Koma mu 1905 chochitika zikuluzikulu zinachitika chifukwa chimene chipembedzo mu France m'zaka za m'ma 19, lasintha kwambiri - panali kulekana kwa mpingo ndi boma. Kuyambira pamenepo, ngakhale kuti Chikatolika unatha kukhala chipembedzo choposa zipembedzo mu dziko, Mpingo wa Katolika, monga mwa malamulo a dziko lino ndi limodzi chabe mwa zina zambiri zipembedzo. Utangoyamba boma yakale anapatsa nzika za ufulu wosankha chipembedzo. Ndipo lero mu dziko lino zikuchoka ufulu Chikatolika, ndi Chiprotestanti, Islam, Chibuda, Chiyuda ndi kunja mipatuko.

chipembedzo lero

Chipembedzo chachikulu cha France - Chikatolika. Koma lero, ngakhale kuti chipembedzo ichi pa malire a boma aboma adakali mbali kuposa wina aliyense, pamene anthu ambiri French adadzikweza Catholic anadutsa. Anthu amadzitchula zosakwana hafu ya anthu lero. Zotsatira za kafukufuku amachitika 2011 anasonyeza kuti 45% ya anthu French amadziona Akhristu ambiri amene Katolika. Pa nthawi yomweyo, 35% samadziona kuti chipembedzo chilichonse, ndi 3% amati Islam.

Chiwerengero cha chipembedzowo mpingo, malinga ndi kafuku anthu ndi chimodzi mwa wotsikitsitsa mu dziko. Ndipotu, ndi zochepa 5% ya anthu, ndi% 10 okha amene amadziona Akatolika lero nawo mapemphero. Koma, ngakhale, ndi chikhalidwe cha France kukali Katolika, kuti anatsindika mu malankhulidwe awo mutu wakale boma Sarkozy.

Secularism - "ngodya" a boma?

Secularism tsopano kaye "pangondya" a boma kukhalanso la France. Poyerekeza ndi United Ufumu kapena United States phindu la chipembedzo pa moyo wa State anthu ndi laling'ono kwambiri. Mu UK ndi US andale zambiri kupangitsa misonkhano ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo, kujambulidwa nawo ku phwando boma, ndi zina zofunika zinthu ndi ntchito ya fuko yoyamba miyambo ya chipembedzo. Koma mu France zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengerochi Public a boma aboma, ngakhale adzitcha okha Akhristu (choyenera zochepa otchuka pakati pa mamembala a boma pa nthawi ino), kuyesera zifukwa zosiyanasiyana kubisala kwa kuwafunsa mafunso ochititsa manyazi pamaso pa moyo wawo wa chipembedzo.

m'gawo Special - m'chigawo cha Alsace

M'chigawo cha Alsace ndi Moselle ubale pakati pa boma ndi mpingo ena kuposa ku dera lonse la France, ngakhale zonena za umodzi wa Republic. Apa ansembe kulandira malipilo boma, ndi malangizo achipembedzo mu masukulu ndi makoleji lofunika. The University of Strasbourg ali ndi luso zamulungu yekha anthu yunivesite ku France.

Chiprotestanti

Chiprotestanti, chipembedzo china cha France, ali ndi mbiri. Mu Middle Ages, pamaso pa akuti anaonekera, anthu ambiri kum'mwera kumadzulo France amasiya Chikatolika ndipo anasamukira ku mtundu wa Chikhristu achikunja, lotchedwa Catharism. Chikhulupiriro Protestant analandira m'madera ambiri a dziko pa nthawi ya Kukonzanso. chipembedzo ichi, ngakhale kuti mtima, koma osati choletsedwa. Mu 1598, Korol Genrih IV wa yekha wotsatira wakale wa Chiprotestanti, amene anakakamizika kutembenukira ku Chikatolika kukhala mfumu ya France anasaina chikalata cha ku Nantes. Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, Calvin, lotchedwa Huguenots, linanena kuti lipereka ufulu wa chipembedzo ndi chikumbumtima. M'madera ambiri a France, makamaka kum'mwera chakum'mawa, kenako ku Chiprotestanti, ndi midzi monga La Rochelle, anali bastions chachikulu cha chipembedzo mu dziko, ndi mwalamulo ankaona Katolika.

Kuchepa ndi chitsitsimutso cha Chiprotestanti

Koma mu 1685 lamulo ndi linathetsedwa ndi Louis XIV, zomwe zinachititsa kuti emigration ikuluikulu ya Achiprotestanti ku France. Religion mu France m'zaka za m'ma 17 anali mu ena pa-. Akuti pafupifupi hafu miliyoni otsatira a chiphunzitso anasiya dziko n'kukakhala UK, North America, Switzerland ndi History Netherlands. Chiprotestanti monga chipembedzo mu France m'zaka 18 pambuyo pa imfa ya Mfumu Louis XIV anayamba kutsitsimutsa pang'onopang'ono m'madera ena. Ndipo pa mapeto a French kuukira boma, iye kuboma monga mmodzi wa mitundu yambiri wogwila wa chipembedzo. Today Chiprotestanti malo kulibe m'dziko lonseli, koma ambiri a onse otsatira gulu limeneli achipembedzo angapezeke mu Alsace ndi kumpoto Franche-Comté kum'mawa France ndi Cevennes kum'mwera.

Islam

chipembedzo china French - Islam. No kanjedza enieni, koma malinga ndi kafukufuku yankhaza, anthu 6 miliyoni 7, kapena za 8% ya anthu ndi Asilamu. A lachitatu la iwo, pang'ono oposa mamiliyoni awiri, kusunga miyambo yachipembedzo. Yerekezerani: m'dziko moyo miliyoni 10 Akatolika. Ambiri Aslam mu France - ochokera Africa North, ndiye ana a anthu amene anakhalapo ku madera wake wakale - Tunisia, Algeria ndi Morocco.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Katswiri Samira Amghar, mu France alipo pakati pa 12 ndi 15 zikwi Salafis, kapena Asilamu kwakukulu, koma mbali yaing'ono chabe ya magawo maganizo a Islamists otchedwa. Popeza 2000, dziko anayamba mwamphamvu kumanga mzikiti, ndipo tsopano pali zoposa 2000. Iwo anapanga makamaka kalembedwe otsika-chifungulo chenicheni. Ndi za maphunziro, pali 30 Muslim, 282 8485 sukulu za Akatolika ku France Ayuda ndi.

Communication Culture ndi chipembedzo

Culture ndi chipembedzo ku France ndimachita zogwirizana. Pa luso la dziko lino kwambiri ndi Mkhristu ndipo Catholic mwambo. Kalekale France kwambiri nyumba mapulani sanali nyumba zachifumu, koma matchalitchi akuluakulu, ndi zina mpingo waung'ono. The ojambula zithunzi zabwino ndi amisiri ntchito pa chilengedwe cha murals nadaltarnyh zokongoletsa, othimbirira galasi, osema ziboliboli kudzikondweretsa anafuna mkati ndi kunja ulemerero wa mipingo. Mu mabuku zambiri kupeza kutchulidwa kwa Chikhristu. The nkhani wotchuka mu French, "Nyimbo ya Roland" - mbiri za nkhondo yaikulu ya Akristu ndi Saracens, kutsogozedwa ndi Roland, mphwake wa Mfumu Karla Velikogo. Zambiri mabuku akale wakhala bwinobwino M'zipembedzo Mwachitsanzo, ambiri ku Middle Ages nthano Acelt. Ntchito ya analemba wotchuka zambiri motengera chipembedzo cha France, amene angathe kuona ntchito za Fauré, Sezara Franka, Widor ndi Berlioz.

Pomaliza, tinganene kuti m'nkhani ino ankatengedwa zipembedzo zikuluzikulu zokha. Kumbukirani kuti pali zambiri. Aliyense kulambira imawakhudza zachikhalidwe cha France ndipo wapeza admirers ake mu dziko lino.