Magawo ndiyambe kulankhula ndi mwana wa zaka 3-4. Kuwukonza zopindika kulankhula

Ana ndi zilema zvukoproiznosheniya kwambiri kuchuluka zisakuyenda bwino. Zaka khumi zapitazo, chithunzicho chinali chosiyana. Vuto ambiri - mu burr ndi kupotoza, ndi kuchotsa kapena kujomba amene ali ovuta kutchula. Izi mitundu ya zopindika amaonedwa wofatsa ndipo anamutcha kuti dislatsiya. Iwo mosavuta kusintha m'kalasi ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula.

Koma pali Mabaibulo chipangizo zambiri za matenda kulankhula. zifukwa zabodza chapakati dongosolo zotupa awo mantha, imene pali mavuto ndi kugwira ntchito za masiku onse chinenero, kapena lonse m'munsi nsagwada. yopanda chilema amakonzedwa modzipereka kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo, nanena ukali ndi kuimba mluzu phokoso mwanayo amakhala lirime lake pakati pa mano ake, chifukwa m'malo malikhweru kuwomba izo phokoso la "f" ( "mafyna" - mmalo mwa "makina"). Sizachilendo ndi lolakwika kwambiri katchulidwe ka phokoso "tsa" (guttural kapena kusapezeka ake). Monga ulamuliro, anayamba lolankhula magawo ndi mwana zaka 3-4, nthawi zina kale.

Chikhalidwe cha matenda lolankhula

zopindika zovuta amachepa chifukwa cha zifukwa - monga matenda opatsirana mayi woyembekezera, kuvulala pobadwa kapena yoopsa hypoxia. Ngati mwana wabadwa kenako chinakwera matenda aakulu, chifukwa angathe kukhala osauka makope ndi kuwonongeka kwa molekezera mitsempha ndipo monga Motero, kupunduka kulankhula.

zifukwa ikugwira overbite, ndi gwero la matenda ena (mwachitsanzo, pakhosi "tsa") ukhoza ndi onyenga a mwanayo kuti munthu achikulire, amenenso asokoneza izo. Komanso, mwana ungakhale ndi zilembo za zojambula ano, zoipa kwambiri chitukuko.

Kusaphunzira mwachindunji amadalira molondola lapansi. N'chifukwa chake makolo uliwonse preschooler ayenera kusamalira zopindika mawu a mwanayo anali kudzudzulidwa nthawi. vuto angagone mu kulephera kwa makolo kudziwa mu zophophonya malankhulidwe ana. Akukhulupirira kuti burrs aliyense mwana, ndipo ndidzadutsa palokha.

Pamene kudandaula

Koma nthawi zambiri popanda nthawi yoyenera ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula sangachite. Ngati miyezi khumi mwana sangathe amapanga mawu kuchokera mawu ena, kapena tili ndi zaka ziwiri mwana pafupifupi popanda kutchula ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula ndiye kuti chofunika. lolankhula magawo Kufuna makolo anzeru amachitika pasadakhale, kutenga nkhani mphamvu chitukuko mwanayo.

Lililonse dokotala mwana ntchito payekha. Chiphunzitso cha phokoso limodzi, kawirikawiri amapezeka mkati mwa magawo angapo. Ngati pali zolakwika kwambiri chitukuko, kupezeka kulankhula magawo mankhwala ndi yaitali.

Zimachitika kuti chifukwa chophwanya kwambiri zolimba chinenero frenulum, palibe pa zotupa nthawi yomweyo organic. Ndiye kunyumba ayenera kuchita ndi mwana pa Zochita zake anatambasula. Tikuphunzira kuchokera ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula lingakuthandizeni izi.

Makolo banja - maziko a zonse

Nthawi zambiri banja waganiza kulankhula kwambiri ndi mwanayo. Popeza mukhoza kulankhula kwa lisp chinenero "ana". Kapena anakhala mboni zoipa banja. Pa nthawi zonsezi, monga ulamuliro, chitukuko kulankhula imathetsa.

zofunika kwambiri yabwino chilengedwe zoweta mapangidwe yachibadwa luso chinenero. Ndi kuyenda nthaŵi zonse ayenera kulankhula - posewera kapena kuyenda, chakudya ndi pamaso yogona. Onetsetsani kuti kuloweza ndakatulo ndi kuwerenga mokweza kwa buku mwana.

Ngati analembedwa ngakhale kuphwanya zazing'ono zvukoproiznosheniya ndi mwana, musati kudzilekanitsa ndi vuto. N'zotheka bungwe lolankhula Zochita kunyumba, phindu la mabuku apadera tsopano kobiri khumi. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kukonza masewera ndi wapadera kung'ung'uza nyimbo. Ndipo kokha pamene kunyumba utakhala sapereka zotsatira anakhumba, muyenera kuganizira kuchezera katswiri.

Kodi ndifunika sukulu ya mkaka logopedic?

makolo nthawi zambiri wofunitsitsa kupereka mwana wawo si mu sukulu ya mkaka wabwinobwino, koma kuti ndiyambe kulankhula. Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti khalidwe la anthu ankakonda mavuto. Kuli kofunika kuti kumeneko? Ngati ndi choncho, pa zaka zimene? Kodi kubweretsa phindu lenileni kuti makalasi lolankhula ku sukulu ya mkaka ndi mwana wanu?

Tinganene, kupereka mwana pansi pa zaka 3-4 m'manja mwa akatswiri si kwambiri. Ndi laling'ono angathe kuchita makolo, atakambirana ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula. Iye adzatiuza mndandanda wa miyeso ndi zolimbitsa kutero. Lolankhula magawo ndi mwana wa zaka 3-4 kale ankatha kupereka zotsatira chosatha.

Nkhokwe makolo kulankhulana ndi ana ambiri zedi. Izi zonse zolondola ndi yogwira wapakamwa kulankhulana ndi mwana, olimbitsa chala, ndi kuchuluka kwa masewera mawu, carpal kutikitirako Zochita wapadera lakonzedwa kukhala ndi luso labwino galimoto zithunzi, zosemasema ndi zina zotero.

Pamene kupita

Nthawi zambiri, ndi zilema wa kulankhula kuyenda amene si atapeza zaka 3-4, anawagawira monga thupi. Ngati zaka zinayi kudzipatsa kuwukonza kulankhula sizichitika, mungathe kutembenukira kwa akatswiri. Pa nthawi imeneyi, luso chinenero koyamba mwana ayenera kale anapanga. Ndipo pamene n'zomveka kuti apereke mbuzi mu lolankhula mkaka.

The mwayi wa iwowa ndi kuti amapulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama kholo m'kalasi ndi katswiri mseri. Mu kindergartens anthu, pali ufulu lolankhula makalasi. Ngati ubwino kuyendera gulu kwa nthawi yaitali sapezeka, osalephera, muyenera misonkhano ya ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula, pathologists kulankhula cholinga cha chitukuko cha chinenero ambiri.

Kuyesa kulankhula ndi mwana wanu onse kusiya zosangalatsa za chinenero ana, omwe kawirikawiri anakhudzidwa amayi makamaka grandmothers. Monga tanena kulankhula mu "angasokonezeke" njira saphunzira chitukuko cha kulankhula mwana wabwinobwino a.

Kuti mwanayo azitha zaka 4

Koma ngakhale zonse kuti ndi zolondola mu banja, komanso mavuto Komabe, si mofulumira angathe kukhumudwa. Konzani magawo lolankhula ndi mwana zaka 3-4 kunyumba si wovuta. Ndipo chinthu chachikulu apa - kudziwa mawu a mwanayo ndi polojekiti mosamala kusintha kulikonse.

Childs, kayankhulidwe ka mwana ziwiri zitatu chaka chimodzi ndi pafupifupi zikwi mawu. The zaka zinayi mwana bwinobwino ayenera kukhala wokhoza kunena chinachake kapena kufotokoza ntchito prepositions ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za kulankhula, kumanga kukambirana yosavuta. Koma kulankhula zida zake zikhale sikokwanira ophunzitsidwa kupanga wangwiro phonemic katchulidwe ziwembu zovuta sachiza.

Chabwino, ngati mu zaka 5-6 ndi mawu amavutika malo, ichi ndi chifukwa kwambiri ndikuganiza. Zotsatirazi losavuta Zochita zokhudzana Zochita articulation, lithandize makolo kunyumba kuti zotsatira.

Makalasi ndi mwana kunyumba

Anatambasula kwa lilime-tayi kwa mphindi 5 kapena 10 tsiku lililonse tiyenera kuchita zotsatirazi. M'pofunika kufunsa mwana kunyambita mlomo chapamwamba lilime, kumuitanira kugogoda pa mano ngati ziboda kavalo, atsegule pakamwa pake onse ndipo amayesetsa kulalikira chinenero cha mano chapamwamba.

Aliyense akudziwa kuti madera a ubongo udindo luso chabwino galimoto ndi chitukuko chinenero zogwirizana. Ndiko kuti, deftly kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito manja kuyenda ndi zala ndi zochepa za vuto m'mawu ake.

Pali yosavuta Zochita mmagawo lolankhula kuphunzitsa kulankhula phokoso sibilant ( "s", "Z"), komanso sizzling ( "g", "shi", "H" ndi "yakumadzulo"). Komanso, vutoli ndi phokoso "tsa" ndi "K", koma zikhoza kusintha paokha kunyumba. Afotokozerane, mwanayo amafunikira kuti zibzalidwe poika patsogolo pa galasi kudziletsa. Home lolankhula makalasi "P" adzatha "kuika" osati nthawi zonse, cizindikiro ici ndi chimodzi cha zovuta kwambiri ndipo kumafunika ndi phukusi la katswiri.

Zitsanzo zokambirana

• Chitani "Fife". Funsani mano mwana wanu kutseka, kukokera milomo yake paipi monga momwe mungathere. Onetsetsani kuti pamene kutukula lilime m'munsi mlomo anakhalabe ima. Chitani ayenera kubwereza kasanu 3 mpaka 5.
• Chitani "Cup". Open kukamwa, tulutsani lirime ndi kuyesera kupereka izo mawonekedwe a chikho, kutukula nsonga ndi m'mbali. Bola ngati mukuganiza kuti nambala inayake, ngakhale mwanayo ayesa kusunga lilime mu udindo uwu. Chitani komanso mobwerezabwereza 3 nthawi 5.
• Chitani "zojambulajambula". Kumwetulira, ndiye pakamwa. Pambuyo pake, nsonga ya lilime, ngati burashi, "penti" mkati mlengalenga.
• "Drummer". Mwamsanga kumenya nsonga ya lilime la mzere chapamwamba mano, atagwira pakamwa pake lotseguka. Wina - kuyeretsa lilime lake alternately kwa mano chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi. Kuchita Zochita pansi tilipire.
• "Ife kudya kupanikizana." Kumwetulira, pakamwa otsegula pang'ono. Ambiri chapamwamba mlomo kunyambita, kuonetsetsa atathana m'munsi nsagwada.

Akamaliza kokoka, kupita kubwerezabwereza mawu munali zikumveka mabvuto. Inu mukhoza Pre-kuphika khadi nawo. Phokoso mukugwira, mobwerezabwereza pa chiyambi padera kangapo (7 mpaka 10), ndiye mu mawu. Imathandiza kwambiri kukatenga ndi mawu oyenera lilime twisters, katchulidwe awo kwambiri Iyamba malangizo zofooka.

Kodi matenda mawu

Kulankhula zopindika angaoneke othyoka - chifukwa opaleshoni yaikulu, zoopsa, kapena mavuto aakulu maganizo. Anthu akhoza kukhala imfa kapena imfa ya wokondedwa, chilekano, mavuto aakulu azachuma. Pali zopindika kulankhula ndi pamene anavulala ziwalo waukulu kugwirizana ndi zvukoproiznosheniya - lilime, mano, milomo, Mitsemphayi ndi minofu ya m'phuno, komanso ngati m'kamwa.

Izi zimachitika pamene pali kuwonongeka kwa pakati, yomwe ili kotekisi oziziritsa ndi udindo zolankhula zathu. Ngakhale aakulu maganizo nkhawa mavuto kulankhula.

Mu mawu yachibadwa amatanthauza katchulidwe ka zonse bwinobwino ndi bwino, popanda yekha, chilankhulidwe cha makalata. funsoli litero rhythmic ndi yosalala. Ngati mawu wokamba n'zovuta kuwerenga, ndithudi kuphwanya a. Ana ndi akulu lokhudza kulankhula yodziwika ndi mitundu yemweyo vuto kulankhula. Zikuphatikizapo dzanzi, chibwibwi, lisping, kupanda matchulidwe olondola a phokoso munthu, ndi zina zambiri.

Mitundu ya kulankhula kudwala

Anthu ambiri ndi:

• Athos. Mawu amenewa amanena phonation chakhungu (ie cholakwika zvukoproiznosheniya). Aphony akufotokozera (kapena dysphonia) chifukwa cha kusintha unit kulankhula atasenza pathological.
• Dyslalia otchedwa zopindika kulankhula phonetic kapena mwana wamkulu ndi kumva kuwonongeka ndi mawu grammatically zolondola.
• Chibwibwi - mtundu wa chisokonezo, lomwe limapezeka mu nkhani ya convulsive minofu zambiri zokhudza zida ntchito mawu. Inapeza kuphwanya mlingo wa kulankhula, kayimbidwe kotani ake ndi mosalekeza.
• matenda enaake ukugwira mlingo abnormally wodekha polankhula, wotchedwa bradilaliey.
• Kusirira kwa iye (pamene munthu ayankhula mothamanga) - tachyphasia.

• Rhinolalia - mtundu wa kulankhula kudwala, kugwirizana ndi kuphwanya ziwalo anatomical, kupanga zida amapilira. Iwo anawonetseredwa mu olakwika phokoso matchulidwe ndi mawu timbre.
• Dysarthria - mtundu wa kuphwanya, pamene kupereka kugwirizana kwa kotekisi oziziritsa ndi amapilira misempha zida chiyani silingayende.
• Aphasia amatchedwa imfa wathunthu kapena tsankho wa kulankhula, kunachitika monga chotsatira cha kuwonongeka kwa chapakati mantha dongosolo.
• Ngati ndi mwana kapena wamkulu ndi underdeveloped, nthawi amapezeka odwala ndi zotupa wa kotekisi oziziritsa, tikulankhula za alalia.

Akatswiri kudzakuthandizani

Zimayambitsa kuvutika zimenezi zingakhale zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Izi olumala monga vuto kapena chapamwamba mlomo, nthenda occlusion malformed nsagwada, milomo zopindika lilime kapena mano. matenda kuthi ali milandu chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti matenda chapakati mantha dongosolo. Kuphwanya ukhoza kukhala okhazikika ndi osakhalitsa chikhalidwe.

ana makamaka ang'onoang'ono kuti aliyense wa iwo ali chinthu choterocho amapezeka ndi mosamalitsa munthu, monga chitukuko cha mawu. magawo lolankhula amachitika lililonse sukulu ya mkaka - osati apadera.

Ngati mwana wanu akutchulidwa makalasi lolankhula, sayenera anasiya - sizingawononge, iwo Sindizakubweretsanso mwanayo ndi ubwino adzakhala unquestionable.

Ana zaka 3-4 magulu lolankhula alipo m'njira ziwiri - Munthu kapena gulu. Makalasi ndi M'modzi-m'modzi ndi katswiri (munthu) ndi zothandiza kwambiri. Nayenso chinkhoswe mu gulu, mwana angamasuke ndi omasuka.

makalasi ndiyambe kulankhula payekha

kodi tikuphunzirapo chitukuko cha amenewa kulankhula chiyani? iwo kawirikawiri unachitikira mu mawonekedwe a masewera yosavuta ndi ntchito. Kids sindikumvetsa kwambiri zimene zinawachitikira kukhala mtundu wa ntchito yopindulitsa. Popeza amasewera kulankhula dokotala, kusangalala ndi kuwasangalatsa.

Pa munthu makalasi lolankhula mwana zambiri anatumiza pamene kuphwanya ali katchulidwe cholakwika cha phokoso munthu. Mothandizidwa ndi masewera anasankhidwa ndi zolimbitsa dokotala likukonza chilema. Ngati mwana chibwibwi kale Zochita chinenero (komanso ena) amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphunzitsidwa luso bwino kugawa mpweya.

Kuimba nyimbo, mwana anaphunzitsidwa kupuma bwino, ndi chibwibwi zokha kusiyiratu. Pang'onopang'ono, ana kuphunzira kuugwira kupuma, ndi zambiri anaphunzira luso limeneli, m'pamenenso kuti chibwibwi adzatha kutenga kuchotsa kamodzi kwa nthawi zonse.

maphunziro Front

Gulu makalasi lolankhula (mwinamwake amatchedwa kutsogolo) imachitika mwa ana olumala zosiyanasiyana chitukuko cha mawu. Zikuphatikizapo kuphwanya zvukoproiznosheniya ndi mavuto akumva. Mwachitsanzo, mwana sangathe kusiyanitsa awiri phokoso. mavuto ena ofanana mndandanda - kuphwanya galamala malankhulidwe, kulephera kulankhulana pakati pa mawu olankhulidwa.

Magulu amasankhidwa ntchito kuchuluka kwa anthu 6-8 zaka zofanana ndi mavuto ofanana kulankhula. Mapulani mmagawo lolankhula muli cholinga wamba - kukuza mawu ndi kusintha phonemic kumva. Ana amaphunzitsidwa kulankhula makamaka, akuchita maphunziro ZOCHITA kuti luso payekha maphunziro. Nthawi zambiri, ambiri a ana nawo gulu komanso aliyense payekha.

Kulankhula makalasi mankhwala pa "Yophukira"

Tiyeni tione zimene mungachite kumanga makalasi ndende ana, pogwiritsa ntchito nkhani zina, monga nthawi ya chaka. Tiyeni tikhale "yophukira" ntchito. zabwino zake kuchitidwa mu September kapena October, kukongoletsa malo ndi masamba achikasu.

M'mawu kalasi dokotala, ntchito ya mutu wa kugwa, ndi zochitika zachilengedwe, lakamba zambiri ndi imayendetsa kayankhulidwe pa nkhaniyi, amaphunzitsa ana zithunzi zina bwana poyamba, ndiyeno iwo - nkhani coherent. M'njiramo ana kukhazikitsa luso kupereka yankho zonse ndi mgwirizano kulankhula ndi kuyenda.

Lolankhula makalasi pa "Yophukira" zochimwazo kumathetsa vuto la Malangizo ndi Plan Development - kukulitsa luso chabwino galimoto mothandizidwa ndi olimbitsa chala, chitukuko kukumbukira, kuganizira zokambirana komanso masewera. Ana amaphunzira ndakatulo ndi olemba ndakatulo Russian cha kugwa, kumvetsera nyimbo, "Zida za nkhalango yophukira" mndandanda zizindikiro za nyengo autumn, Chapafupi mikuluwiko kuti "yophukira" lathu.

Kids kusonkhanitsa bouquets masamba, kwinaku zala mu nsagwada za (maluso abwino galimoto), kuwomba masamba, chosonyeza yophukira mphepo (kupuma kokoka).

Tipitirize kunyumba

maluso amene amapereka lolankhula maphunziro, ayenera kukwaniritsidwa monga anaika mu banja, kunyumba. The akatswiri kuchititsa ntchito ofotokozera ndi makolo, kupereka malangizo ambiri mwatsatanetsatane yomanga zokambirana kunyumba.

Kwambiri apa zimadalira kumasukulu a udindo kuthetsa vuto la makolo. Ngati mayi kapena bambo si waulesi kwambiri nthawi zonse zimathera mphindi zochepa tsiku chitukuko kulankhula mwana, bwino sanatenge nthawi yaitali. Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri kwa makolo mu nkhani iyi - kuthandiza mwanayo kupeza uzidzidalira polimbana ndi mantha kulankhulana ndi kulankhula pagulu.

amayi oyembekezera ndi makolo ayenera kulimbikitsidwa mwana. Ngakhale bwino zing'onozing'ono ayenera kuyamikiridwa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mwana ikukula kudzidalira, zokoma athandizapo zina.

Khalani wosamala

Pa nthawi yomweyo sayenera kwambiri achangu, ndipo makamaka kukakamiza mwana kudya alimbane mawu ndi ziganizo zonse chabe zolondola. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti maganizo muyeso, ulesi kukhala ndi mwana. Kuwalola kukhala mwana. Ife mukumbuke kachiwiri - magawo lolankhula ndi mwana zaka 3-4 wa zaka iyenera kumangidwa kokha basi mu mawonekedwe a masewera!

Ndi Zochita mwana zizichitidwa unobtrusively, popanda Atchule mavuto amene alipowa. Ngati chifukwa cha mwanayo adzakhala nazo kapena maganizo, kupambana ngati maphunziro adzabweretsa. Mudzakwanilitsa kanthu koma kudzipatula ndi yankho aukali.

Mu intervals pakati pa magawo msiyeni iye akulankhulabe ndi zolakwika kuti akhoza kutha zokha. Pa nthawi ina, makolo ndikudabwa ndi chimwemwe mupeza kuti mwana yekha kuyesa kulamulira kulondola wa kulankhula.

Pa chitukuko cha luso chabwino galimoto lipindulitsa minofu ya mwana aliyense chala, unakhota ndi unbend iwo, kusewera bawo. Nthawi zambiri tiyeni mwana kukhudza rump kapena akusokoneza mu mchenga. m'malo Home woyenera nkhani iliyonse lotayirira. Musaiwale za maseŵerowo articulation. Kodi ndingatani kumvetsera kwambiri kuwerenga, adawafotokozera ndi kuyenda yosavuta nyimbo ndi ndakatulo.