Mzinda wa Saransk: zojambula zithunzi, museums ndi akachisi. Kodi mungaone chiyani ku Saransk?

Saransk ndi mzinda wakale. Iyo inakhazikitsidwa mu 1641. Zonsezi zinayamba ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa nsanja yaing'ono, yomwe inali mbali ya zinthu za Atemar zasechnoy. Wotsirizirayo ankaimira mzere wokhazikika, woteteza Russia kuchokera kumwera chakum'maŵa. Anali pamsewu wopita ku mahatchi omwe akugwirizanitsa Kazan ndi Crimea, Moscow ndi Astrakhan.

Mzindawu unachokera ku mawu akuti "sara". M'masulidwe ochokera kuzinenero za Finno-Ugric (Karelian, Estonian, Finnish ndi ena) zikutanthawuza "madambo". Inde, pakadali pano Saransk, omwe maonekedwe ake ali pansipa, akuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri. Siwo mzinda waukulu wa Mordovia. Kukonzekera kwadzidzidzi ndilo lalikulu la Russia la masewera. Mu 2012, Saransk adapatsidwa dzina la mzinda wokhala bwino kwambiri ku Russia. Iyi si metropolis, moyo pano suyenda mofulumira monga, mwachitsanzo, ku Moscow. Zojambula za Saransk (zithunzi zosonyezedwa m'nkhaniyi) zikhoza kuwonedwa tsiku. Monga momwe alangizi am'deralo amalangizira, ndi bwino kuyamba kuyendayenda kuchokera m'misewu ya Communist and Bogdan Khmelnitsky.

Buku lopadera

Laibulale yaikulu ya dziko la Mordovia, yotchedwa Pushkin, ndilo buku lalikulu kwambiri la mabuku m'dera lonseli. Iyo inakhazikitsidwa mu September 1899. Panthawiyo, pempho la aluntha linapanga bungwe laibulale laulere, lomwe linali ndi ndalama zokwana 353. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono msonkhano unakula chifukwa cha ntchito zachifundo. Mu 1939 laibulale inapeza udindo wa republican ndipo inasamukira ku nyumba yosiyana (isanafike yomwe inali pa nyumba ya pawnshop). Mu 1979, bungweli linapeza nyumba yatsopano. Laibulale mpaka lero ili pa: ul. B. Khmelnitsky, 26. Posachedwa, wina, asanu ndi anayi-osungidwa, amamangiriridwa ku nyumba yakale. Masiku ano, pali madera osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana, ndipo pansi lonse lapansi amaperekedwa ku ntchito ya olemba a Mordvin ndi olemba ndakatulo.

Musical Theatre

Saransk, omwe amawonetsa zinthu zomwe tikukambirana, ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha nyimbo zawo zoimba. Owonerera akhoza kusangalala ndi mafilimu ndi mafilimu, nyimbo za ballet ndi operettas, komanso nyimbo zoimba nyimbo. Tsiku la masewerawo ndi September 1, 1935. Pa tsiku lomwelo adaloledwa ku bajeti yosatha ya Mordovian People's Commissar Education. Bungwe lokonzekerali linapereka sewero loyambalo lotchedwa "Wopemphapempha" (wolemba ntchito yomwe anayikamo ndi K. Miller). Kwa mbiri yake, masewerawa adakonzedwanso kangapo. Chotsatira chake, mu 1959 chinali ndi zigawo ziwiri zosiyana - masewero a masewero ndi masewero a nyimbo zoimba. Mu 2011, anasamukira ku nyumba yatsopano yokhala ndi holo yaikulu kwa owona mazana asanu ndi awiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito zojambulajambulazo, ankagwiritsa ntchito masters abwino ochokera ku Russia konse. M'chaka chomwechi, bungwelo linatchulidwa pambuyo pa I.M. Yaushev - woimba nyimbo wotchuka wa Mordvin.

State National Drama Theatre

Kodi mungaone chiyani ku Saransk? Akuluakulu oyendetsa masewerawa amathamangira ku Soviet, 27. Ndiko komwe kunyada kwa dzikoli - National Drama Theatre. Zambiri mwazolemba zake zimachokera ku masewero a olemba a Mordovia. Inde, owonerera ali ndi mwayi wodziwa bwino dziko ndi zolemba zapakhomo.

Polezhaev Museum

Bungwe limasonkhanitsa ndikuphunzira zambiri zokhudza A.I. Polejaeve - wolemba ndakatulo wa Chirasha, yemwe anakhala ndi kugwira ntchito m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Alexander Ivanovich nayenso ali ndi chipilala ku Saransk. Nyumba ya Polezhaev Museum inatsegulidwa pa June 5, 2001. Panopa, pali zipinda zisanu. Zitatu mwa iwo ndi odzipereka kwa Aleksandro Ivanovich, mmodzi mwa olemba onse a Mordovia. Chipinda chotsiriza ndi chipinda chokhala ndi zolemba zam'malemba komanso zoimba zochitika, kuphatikizapo mawonetsero ojambula.

Museum of Fine Arts

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zikuluzikulu kafukufuku ndi zipangizo zamaphunziro m'dera la Volga. M'kati mwa makoma a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ndi ntchito yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse ya ntchito za Erzi, wotchuka wotchuka wa Mordvin. Kuphatikizanso, zolemba za ntchito za academician za zojambula zojambula Makarov ndi People's Artist Sychkov. Pogwiritsa ntchito nyumba yosungiramo zojambulajambula saluni yamasewero imatseguka. Iwo amasonyeza ndi kugulitsa ntchito za zithunzi, kujambulidwa ndi kujambula ndi olemba a Mordovia. Nyumba yokhayo ili ndi chikhalidwe chachinyumba cha zomangamanga. Iyo inamangidwa mu zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri za makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri ndikukonzedwanso mu 2001.

Mbiri Yakale Yakale

Poganizira nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale za Saransk, sikutheka kutchula ichi chakale kwambiri osati mumzindawu okha, koma m'madera onse a dzikolo maziko a chikhalidwe. Inakhazikitsidwa mu 1918, ndipo idatseguka kwa alendo chaka chimodzi. Pakali pano, thumba la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale limakhala ndi maofesi mazana awiri. Zina mwazo ndi mabuku akale, zida, ndalama ndi zinyama. Zithunzi zitatu pa mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cha derali zikuwonetsedweratu. Mawonetsedwe apadera akukonzedwa mu chipinda chosiyana.

Mipingo, amonke

Mmodzi mwa akuluakulu a nyumba zapamzinda kwambiri mumzindawu unakhazikitsidwa mu 1659. Ndi kumbali ya kumanzere kwa mtsinje wa Moksha. Iyi ndi nyumba ya ambuye ya Nazarene-Theotokos Sanaksar (kwa amuna). Poyamba nyumba zake zonse zinali matabwa, ndipo patatha zaka zana zokha iwo adalowetsedwa ndi miyala. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, chifukwa cha ntchito ya Hieromonk Feodor wa Sanaxar, nyumbayi inadziwika ku Russia konse. Nthawi yovuta kwambiri m'mbiri ya malo opatulikawa ndi 1920s. Kenaka nyumba ya amonke inatsekedwa, ndipo abale adatsutsidwa. Pokhapokha mu 1991 panali chitsitsimutso cha amonke.

Tchalitchi chachikulu cha Orthodox mu republic ndi tchalitchi cha St.Fedorovsky Cathedral. Ili mkatikati mwa mzinda. Zomangamangazo zinaperekedwa kwa Fedor Ushakov - mkulu wa asilikali oyendetsa zombo, adiral. Mu mawonekedwe a kachisi mungathe kuona kuphatikiza kwaphwando (ufumu wa rotunda, portico, colonade) ndi Great Russian (kokoshniki, bell nsanja, bulbous glans) zinayamba.

Zakachisi zina za Saransk, mwatsoka, sizinapulumutse mpaka lero. Pakati pawo - Katolika wa Mpulumutsi. Iye anali ku Kachatral Square. Zomwe zimatchulidwa nthawi yomanga kachisi uyu - zaka za XV-XVI. Kachisi anali wamkulu komanso wolemekezeka. Ofanana naye m'nthaŵi yake sanali ku Saransk, kapena m'midzi ina ya m'chigawocho.

The Assumption Complex inamangidwa mu 1693. Poyamba, linali ndi mipingo iwiri yokhazikika - m'chilimwe (The Assumption of Our Lady) ndi mpingo wachisanu (Nikolayevskaya). Kuphatikiza apo, nsanja yosiyana ya belulo inamangidwa pa gawo lake. Mu 1735 nyumba yoyamba yamwala inayamba. The Assumption Complex inatsekedwa mu November 1930. Anatsegulanso zitseko zake kwa amtchalitchi kokha zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi kenako - m'ma 1990.

Manda a Chikumbutso

Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe chimakondweretsa za mzinda wa Saransk? Zozizwitsa (zithunzi zikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi) za kukhazikitsidwa sikuphatikizapo malo osungiramo zinthu zakale zokha, masewera ndi mipingo. Anthu ambiri apaulendo amafunitsitsa kukafika kumanda achikumbutso. Icho chiri kumadzulo kwa mzinda. Pano mungaganize za moyo wosatha pakati pa manda a anthu a Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, omwe adafa muzipatala za Saransk ku mabala aakulu kwambiri. Pa Moto Wamuyaya, pamtengo wapansi, umayimira maonekedwe a mayi wolira. Olemba ntchitoyo ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga Danilenko ndi wosema Kondratiev.

"Chigawo cha Mordovia"

Mapu a Saransk ndi zojambula zimaphatikizapo chinthu china chochititsa chidwi - zovuta za mbiri yakale ndi zamitundu. Inatsegulidwa mu August 2012. Alendo kwa Mordovia Podvorye amadziwa bwino za njira za moyo ndi moyo zomwe zimakhalapo m'dera lino zaka zana zapitazo. Cholinga ndi mudzi, womwe umaphatikizapo nyumba zisanu ndi imodzi. M'zinthu za zokongoletsera zitseko ndi mawindo a mawindo a Mordovia anthu ndi zokongoletsera zachifumu zinagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kutsiliza

Imodzi mwa malo odabwitsa kwambiri ku Russia ndi Saransk. Mzindawu umakopa alendo ambiri chaka chilichonse. Pitani ndi inu muli malo odabwitsa kuti muwone zatsopano!