Ndi opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo chiyani?

Musanayambe kudziwa zimene ayenera kukhala kutentha zikugwira ntchito ya injini dizilo kapena magawo mulingo woyenera ayenera kuphunzira zimene tingati matabwa ake ndi mode ntchito.

Features olimbana dizilo

Mtundu wa injini kupangidwa mu 1824 ndi French wasayansi amene ankaona kuti ndi kusintha buku la thupi, zikhoza usavutike, mwachitsanzo kubala chidule mofulumira.

The angagwiritsire ntchito amanena imapezeka mu zaka 70. Ndi pamene woyamba injini dizilo linatulutsidwa. mfundo zake ntchito chiri motere: pali mowiriza poyatsira wa mafuta jekeseni amene interacts ndi mpweya ndondomeko psinjika.

The injini dizilo ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri ntchito, kuyambira magalimoto / makina ulimi ndi kutha zida za nkhondo (akasinja, m'madzi chotengera).

Ubwino ndi Kuipa kwa injini dizilo

Ngati injini ena onse, dizilo angapo a mbali zonse zabwino ndi zoipa. Ubwino waukulu:

• Choyamba, injini dizilo kukhoza mafuta, kotero kuti izo sizimapanga zofunika kwambiri.
• Kachiwiri, wamkulu kulemera ndi ndende ya maatomu mpweya kwambiri ndi Kutentha kufunika kwa mphamvu injini ndi dzuwa.
• Chachitatu, magalimoto ndi injini dizilo kumva chifukwa cha makhalidwe makokedwe imathamanga otsika. Choncho, eni masewera magalimoto kudya amakonda njira injini dizilo.
• Chachinayi, zili mpweya woipa mu utsi ndi poyerekeza mafuta ofanana.
• Chachisanu, injini dizilo ndi zina ndalama chifukwa mtengo wa dizilo ndi zosakwana mtengo wa mafuta.

Ngakhale amenewa mndandanda chidwi ubwino wa injini dizilo angapo a zovuta:

• Choyamba, mtengo wa injini dizilo pamwamba pa mtengo wa mafuta, kuyambira chifukwa akuwuka pa ntchito ya mkulu mphamvu zikuluzikulu makina ayenera mkulu khalidwe ndi cholimba.
• Kachiwiri, mphamvu ya injini mafuta wamphamvu kuposa dizilo lapansi.
• Chachitatu, Mwina wa chisanu oipa a dizilo kuposa mafuta.
• Chachinayi, kugwira ntchito kwa injini dizilo ayenera kukhala tcheru kwambiri ndi kusamala, chifukwa ngati mulibe malila, muli kuchita mpandawo, ndalama zake ndalama zambiri.

gawo kuyaka

Ntchito ndondomeko Engine lagawidwa m'magulu anayi. Choyamba - jekeseni osakaniza kuyaka m'chipinda kuyaka imene kuthamanga ndi mkulu.

Chachiwiri - osakaniza limayamba kuti azinyadira ndi kutentha. Gawo lachitatu - mapangidwe m'malovu Popanda kuchitapo kanthu wosanganiza, amene ndiye n'kukhala mwaye. Pa 4 gawo - woyaka moto wa zatsalira mafuta pofuna kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa iwo. Apa kukuonetsedwa kupanda mpweya, ndi chifukwa cha unyinji wa mafuta kuwotchedwa mu zigawo za m'mbuyomo.

magawo galimoto, ntchito pa dizilo

galimoto eni ambiri amafunsa funso limeneli, zimene kutentha ntchito ya injini dizilo ayenera kukhala. Koma zimenezo, muyenera kulipira ena chidwi magawo waukulu zokhudza injini ntchito. Kwambiri pa ntchito galimoto ndi chiwerengero cha m'zinthu, ndiye pali thuu ndi zinayi sitiroko.

Unit mphamvu chimadaliranso makokedwe a. Kutentha opaleshoni ya injini dizilo anatsimikiza ndi digiri ya psinjika a osakaniza mpweya mafuta, kuti kutentha mwachindunji njila kwa psinjika. Choncho, kuwonjezera psinjika chiŵerengero zingawonjezere ndi kutentha Choncho kuonjezera mphamvu ya ndondomekoyi, kuwongolera Mwachangu lapansi. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti ntchito yabwino kwambiri imagwiridwa ndi kuyaka yunifolomu ya kusakaniza mafuta.

An chizindikiro zofunika kwa kukwaniritsa yabwino ntchito ndi kutentha opaleshoni. Ntchito dizilo injini kutentha ayenera anakhalabe zochokera kapangidwe injini ndi cholinga. Zimenezi kapena ayi kutentha yachibadwa.

Opaleshoni kutentha "Volkswagen"

ndi opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo "Volkswagen" n'chiyani? eni ambiri galimoto zambiri mwachindunji ndi nkhani imeneyi. Monga amadziwika, aliyense mtundu, galimoto chitsanzo malingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto ali opaleshoni yake kutentha.

Childs, opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo "VW" ndi mu osiyanasiyana 90-100 madigiri Celsius. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti chida gulu amasonyeza kutentha ndi apamwamba kuposa kwenikweni. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri galimoto munthu "Volkswagen". Koma musawafulumizitse kusintha hardware, muyenera kufunsa utumiki kuyang'anira luso ndi kukhazikitsa chifukwa cha wonongeka.

Kutentha zikugwira ntchito ya "Mercedes"

The opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo, "Mercedes" kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Choyamba, ndi zikhalidwe galimoto opaleshoni. Ndiye mtundu wa imodzi. Komanso malingana ndi dera limene amakhala, kaya Siberia kapena kuposa madera kum'mwera, imodzi ya kusintha kwa kutentha akadakwanitsira.

Alipidwa opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo "Mercedes" akhoza osiyanasiyana monga madigiri 80 100. Pa injini wamphamvu 220 ndiyamphamvu kupereka imodzi pa 75-78 madigiri Celsius. Pakuti madera ozizira, pa mwake, ndi kuti madigiri 97.

Opaleshoni kutentha "Opel"

The opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo "Opel" chifukwa cha pansi kuthamanga, nthawi zina olumpha yachibadwa chizindikiro index ndi mfundo zingapo. Kawirikawiri mozungulira 104-111 madigiri Celsius.

Galimoto "Opel" anapereka dongosolo yozizira. Pamene chopitirira malire chapamwamba kutentha opaleshoni ali m'gulu zimakupiza kuti akamazizira injini mofulumira kuti phindu osachepera.

Opaleshoni kutentha Kamaz

wotchuka kwambiri pakati eni kapena adzakhala funso limene opaleshoni kutentha olimbana dizilo KamAZ. Yankho la funso limeneli ndi nthawi madigiri 95-98 Celsius.

Pa kutentha izi mafuta kwathunthu kutenthedwa, ambiri osankhidwa clearances chovomerezeka mu galimoto ndi. Ngati kutentha opaleshoni ndi otsika kwambiri, izo zikanakhoza zoipa bwanji ntchito injini.

The mafuta mu injini dizilo

Ntchito yaikulu ya mafuta ndi lubricants ena galimoto ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri pa mikangano pakati pa mbali, amene kumawonjezera moyo utumiki wawo. Kusankha lubricant zimadalira mtundu injini ndi zolinga. Kutentha ntchito mafuta mu injini dizilo zimadalira injini coolant. kusiyana ndi 10-15 madigiri Celsius. Pakhomo chapamwamba kutentha mwake - 105 madigiri.

Kuwonjezera kutentha mafuta kudzapeza ntchito zothandiza injini tisatongwa ndi magawo mulingo woyenera: kukhuthala ndi kondomu. kukhuthala The zikhazikitsidwe nyengo, kutentha mpweya. Kuyambira mu kusankha zolakwika mafuta ndi kukhuthala zosafunika akhoza kusokoneza injini ndi ziwalo. Kondomu ali mitundu iwiri: Mukafuna, gidrodinamichnoe. Malire kondomu zikutanthauza kuti mafuta zinyalala atachotsedwa mbali ya injini, ndipo anabweretsa mbali ya watsopano. Anzanu ndi mafuta atsopano amalowa, lubricating mbali. Mu zitsanzo zina posachedwapa injini ntchito lubricating chimake choyamba.

Kuwonjezeka kutentha zikugwira ntchito

Kuwonjezeka lakuthwa mu injini opaleshoni kutentha akhoza kuwononga kuposa kutentha osakwanira. Pankhaniyi, mbali injini ayamba kugwira ntchito mu hydrodynamic kondomu mode, amene Sachita ndi kukhuthala mafuta. Ndiye mafuta si kwathunthu chimakwirira mbali zonse, imbaenda china kuwonongeka kwa limagwirira galimoto. Chiwerengerochi mafuta kudzakhala wabwinobwino, chifukwa cha dozalivam zonse. Mu nkhani ya kutenthedwa olimbana mu malo oyamba kubwera mu ziyambe kukonzedwa nyumba ndi mayendedwe, koma mpope yachibadwa. chodabwitsa Izi zikufanana ndi mavuto chifukwa cha kondomu kuchepa.

Kuyambira cha injini dizilo zinthu yozizira

Pafupifupi anthu onse kudziwa zimene muyenera konzekera pamaso galimoto galimoto injini yanu. Makamaka m'nyengo yozizira nthawi imeneyi. Ngati inu Nganizilani ichi ndondomeko kutentha mwatsatanetsatane, ife tikuwona izi: woyamba wa zonse kuyamba kutenthetsa ndi pistons, ndi pamenepo pokha chipika yamphamvu. Mukayamba galimoto ndi injini ozizira, mafuta ndi kusasinthika wandiweyani sadzakhala ikuyenda zedi lamanja. Ndipo chifukwa cha mwambo umenewu kungachititse kuti breakage.

Onani kuti galimoto ndi Kutentha kwambiri zoti ndi zoipa. Izi amachepetsa moyo utumiki olimbana ndi lonse galimoto mbali. Kuti konzekera galimoto bwino, m'pofunika kubweretsa mothandizidwa ndi ulesi madzi kutentha kwa madigiri 50 Celsius. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza bwinobwino kuyamba kuyendayenda choposa 2500 kusintha. Pambuyo Kutentha mafuta kuti mlingo ntchito mpweya akhoza kuwonjezeredwa.

Kukwaniritsa zinthu izi, n'zotheka kukhala okhulupirika osati injini komanso bajeti. Ngati injini akukana kuyamba ndiye muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera mwapadera anatulukira. Chifukwa zikuchokera awo iwo satero paraffins. Iwo anawonjezera osati monga zowonjezera osiyana, koma molumikizana ndi mafuta kuona kufanana mulingo woyenera.