C The Idyani kulolerana mu Russia?

"Ine simukugwirizana ndi zimene inu mumanena, koma kupereka moyo wawo kuti ateteze ufulu wanu kunena maganizo awo."

Chakale chiphunzitso cha kulolerana wa Voltaire

Kulikonse kumene mukukhala, kwa gulu lililonse chikhalidwe chilichonse mtima, ziribe kanthu zomwe zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo kapena chochita mwina munamvapo (ndi nthawi) ndi zovuta catchword wololera. Tsopano anayamba ntchito lamanja ndi lamanzere, nthawi zina kupotoza tanthauzo osati kuti amadziŵa zimene ndendende maudindo izo akusokoneza pa munthuyo. Kodi nchifukwa ninji ndikunena "maudindo"? Chifukwa mawu ndi mphamvu zina ndipo wokakamiza ena udindo. Koma, mwatsoka, phindu la mawu monga kugwa lero. Ndipo ngati inu funso, kodi kulekerera?

Ndikuganiza. Yankhani? Tsopano yankho lolondola! Kotero, ili ndi mmene mfundo kunja imalongosola ankakonda aliyense Wikipedia:

Kulolerana (ku Latin tolerantia -. Kuleza) - sociological akuti kulandiridwa, kumvetsa kuti njira ya moyo, khalidwe, miyambo, maganizo maganizo, nzeru, ndi zikhulupiriro chisoni nkhawa.

Ndipo apa pali view nthanthi la New nthanthi Encyclopedia:

Kulolerana - ndi mkhalidwe womwewo maganizo a munthu wina monga munthu ndi ravnodostoynoy yafotokozedwera yimitsira amazindikira maganizo a kukana chifukwa cha zonse zomwe zinasonyeza wosiyana (maonekedwe, kalankhulidwe, kukoma, moyo, zikhulupiriro, etc ...).

Ife adzimvera limodzi zomwe zilipo, ife tikupeza kuti kulolerana - luso la munthu chikumbumtima kubisa kumverera ena a kusakonda kapena khalidwe kudana, maganizo kapena zizindikiro kunja munthu wina, lomwe liri losiyana ndi anthu ambiri chisoni nkhawa.

Ngati mwadzidzidzi kwambiri nthanthi ganizo chinachitikira ndi lingaliro la olemba Buku, Zabwino - ndinu zikuyenda bwino. - ngati si, inu tsopano tikudziwa chimodzimodzi zomwe ndi kulolerana ndi adzatha kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ichi ndi cholinga.

Kotero, ife kumvetsa mawonekedwe chabe. Tiyeni tione pa zili. Choyamba, tiyeni tinene kuti Latin akuti «tolerantia» mpaka m'ma 16. Ine ndimatanthauza chipiriro chabe, zaufulu kulanda mavuto kugwirizana ndi mawu monga "ululu", "zoipa". "Anawomba nsalu kutali" makhalidwe ndiye ochepa, monga "chilolezo", "chipsinjo." Nthawi zambiri, mawu anali anamasulira m'zipembedzo monga ngati "kulolera," lomwe ndi mbiri loyamba ndi lalikulu mawonekedwe a chiwonetsero cha kulolerana. kulolerana Vuto loyamba adanyamuka chitukuko Western ndi pa mlingo achipembedzo, ndi kulolera zipembedzo wayamba ufulu ena onse amene akwaniritsa m'dziko ufulu. Nthawi zina, izo amakhulupirira kuti pali kanthu kovuta kuposa kukhala wololera kwa anthu amene zikhulupiriro zipembedzo. Kodi chilungamo ndi kwa anthu Russian - mwaganiza.

A udindo wapadera mu kumvetsa ongolankhula ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito mfundo za kulolerana limabweretsa nthawi ya Choonadi, amene analengeza ufulu wa chikumbumtima ndi mawu. Mu Russia, mfundo kulolerana anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito atolankhani owolowa manja kwa zaka za m'ma XIX, koma kuyambira cha m'ma 30 ntchentche za m'ma XX, izo wasoŵa pa mawu andale, koma kachiwiri analephera kuonekera oyambirira 90 ntchentche wa XX atumwi.

Otanthauzira ukutchulidwa ponena za maganizo "kulolera". Komabe, pali chinthu chimodzi. Monga anati, "kulolera" unali kutanthauza ndondomeko chabe - anthu modekha ndi meekly kulekerera mavuto modalira mukasonkhanitsa "kulolera" umagwira ndipo ayenera kukhala kubwera molunjika kuchokera munthu yekha.

Tsopano tiyeni tikumbukire tanthauzo. Sindikudziwa chifukwa chake, koma "sadziwa yimitsira" ndi "palibe kusapeza" ine si sugwirizana ... Ziri ngati mwana amene sakonda mkaka kuti Iye kuti amwe. Inde, kumwa mwadala kuletsedwa kudana ndi kumwa, koma bwanji omasuka? N'zokayikitsa. M'malo mwake, adzawononga wosangalala, iye akukakamizidwa ndi kukakamiza. Ndipo ndizo zabwino. Kulolerana, komanso khalidwe lina lirilonse kapena kumverera, simungathe chija, likhoza "kukula" mwa munthu. Ndipo muyenera kuchita ndi mwana pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono.

Mwina potsiriza kufika nthawi imene mphamvu kuti anazindikira vuto ndipo anaganiza kuchita izo. Onani kuti tikulankhula Russia ndi monga ku Ulaya ndi ku America akhala zinthu zinasintha kwa bwino. Ku mayunivesite wathu momasuka akuyendera lamulo kulolerana unachitika zosiyanasiyana misonkhano ndi misonkhano umalimbana kulimbikitsa kulolerana pakati pa achinyamata. Schools ena sakanikira kwambiri mawu a m'madera osiyana mitundu, nayenso, akuyesera kuti atchule mtundu uwu ndi mchitidwewu.

Izo ndi zabwino, koma ... KOMA kachiwiri. chakuti pulezidenti athu ndi ambiri Russian Utumiki kulabadira vutoli, anasangalala kwambiri, koma panthawi imeneyi, zotsatira zake sizikhala makamaka noticeable. Tiyerekeze kuti mtima ndi matenda pachimake kupuma ndakudzerani. Kodi inu kumupatsa mapiritsi chifuwa ndi kupita kunyumba? No. Inu mankhwala iye chithandizo zovuta, kuyambira kukonzekera chitetezo chokwanira kwa wakuuzani m'deralo. Umu ndi kulolerana. Kuyesera kuphunzitsa anthu kuvomereza ndi pomvetsetsana pa maphunziro limodzi kuchoka pa zaka 18-20, pamene umunthu yatha, ndi wopanda pake. Matendawa akulimba mudziko lonse, mtima ndi maganizo a dziko. chikhalidwe Russian ndi chikumbu wakhala walangizidwa kupitiriza kwa mibadwo. Choncho zovuta kuvomereza, ndipo makamaka ndi mtima kuwala ndi maganizo oyenera kulandira zachilendo, chinthu "si zoona." Zinthu zanyanyira atolankhani, amene tastefully relishes iliyonse mitundu nkhondo, achipembedzo zipolowe kapena kusiyana chikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri kuvumbula mbali imodzi mu kuwala zoipa.

Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, inu simungakhoze mlandu chilichonse pa mfundo pagulu, TV kapena anapotoza munthu kuchokera kunja. Aliyense ali mutu wawo pa mapewa ake, monga banal mmene zingamvekere. Ngakhale kuti aliyense kuphunzira kusinkhasinkha ndi kulandira dziko zosiyanasiyana zake zonse zodabwitsa chimene icho chiri, zoyesayesa zonse amamupeza asanene kalikonse "kuchokera pamwamba" kokha chifukwa zambiri zoipa ndiponso kukana anthu. Kotero, kuyang'ana pa dziko kwambiri ambiri; adawunguzawunguza mwachonga; Yesani "khungu" Wina; Kukhala wololera za mzake. Kuyambira kulolerana ndi kulolerana masitepe ochepa. Timatha kupanga mibadwo m'tsogolo, otetezeka ndi omasuka!