Car "Mbawala": zosintha ndi makhalidwe

Car "Mbawala" imene zosintha mungachite angapo, mmodzi wa mndandanda wa magalimoto zoweta kuwala. Nyumba yaikulu yopanga kwa kupanga galimoto ili pa Gorky galimoto Bzalani. Komanso ukugwira zomera angapo mu Soviet Union, umene umatenga galimoto msonkhano wa mbali itatha. Chitsanzo choyamba anayamba kulowa kupanga pambuyo June 1994. Machine otchuka kumabungwe osiyanasiyana zachuma, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe, ulimi, mafakitale dera. Taganizirani mbali yake, magawo ndi zitsanzo, limene lili khumi angapo pa kupanga.

zambiri

Car "Mbawala" imene kuganizira zosintha zina, kuŵeta ali anatuluka monga chitsanzo cha GAZ-3221. makina ali wheelbase mamita 2.9 Nchito kukula m'munsi. zida Basic zikuphatikizapo galimoto eyiti mipando galimotolo osaphatikiza mpando wa dalaivala. Chepetsa zopangidwa velor kapena leatherette.

Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha 1998 anadza kusinthidwa "Sobol". Van okonzeka ndi mipando isanu ndi muyezo kutalika denga. Pakuti misonkhano yapadera ndi ndandanda zoyendera zonyamula opareshoni kusintha ndi mipando khumi. eyiti mpando "Barguzin" unayamba mu 1999. Iye understated denga, kutukula kumbuyo kwa chitseko, ndi bwino mkati, mofanana ndi zida muyezo wa minivan a.

Komanso, galimoto "Gazel" zosintha anali ndondomeko izi: "Business," "lotsatira," "Van", "Mlimi" ndi zina zitsanzo zina, osiyana nthaka chilolezo, kamangidwe kunja, makonzedwe mkati ndi ena magawo luso.

GAZ-3302

galimoto ili ndi uthunthu wa magalimoto airborne okonzeka ndi galimotoyo zashuga ndi katundu mphamvu index mu matani imodzi ndi theka. makina lilipo kuyambira 1994, chinaperekedwa kwa wamakono mu 2003 ndi 2010. The kusintha otsiriza zino dzina lake "Business".

Kuzama galimoto ndi wina mita kutsatira mbiri tayala otsika, amene kwambiri facilitates potsegula ndi katundu ndondomeko. dongosolo ananyema litayamba imapereka amasiya msanga komanso otetezeka galimoto. Mu '95 panali mndandanda ka otha Mabaibulo pagalimoto pansi lakuti 33-027, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mitundu yonse ya nthaka.

Chinthu chapadera chimene muli magalimoto "Mbawala" (zosintha, lofalitsidwa mu 2002), inali elongated chimango. Ntchito galimoto ankaona ntchito masitolo galimoto ndipo magalimoto chingwe chabwazi. Kutukula kwa kuwonjezeka yonyamula mphamvu okonzeka ndi galimoto kenako analimbitsa akasupe ndi bwino kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala.

Baibulo la "Mlimi" ndi "Van"

Iyi ndi galimoto ( "Mlimi") akhoza kunyamula m'basimo asanu, kapena tonne wina wa katundu. Kumasulidwa mzere inayamba mu 1995. Kapangidwe chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa galimoto m'dera la malonda ang'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe. Minibasi "Mlimi" muli ndi thupi ndi zitseko ziwiri mwayi woonetsa kumbuyo kuti akhale kutsogolo mpando anthu.

Galimoto "Mbawala" kusinthidwa "Van" ali ndi mphamvu matani 1.35 ndi mipando iwiri anthu. Njira imeneyi inali ntchito pa mbali zotsatirazi:

• CIT oti muli nazo zida magalimoto;
• mafoni Laboratories;
• makina ndi chisamaliro mwadzidzidzi;
• magalimoto wapadera mu nyumba ya Mia.

Chitsanzo GAZ-2705 zino zimagwiridwa pa maziko a magalimoto wapadera zolinga zosiyana.

"Mbawala Next": zosintha makamaka

Izi chitukuko watsopano wa akatswiri a Gorky galimoto Bzalani unayamba mu 2012. Zomangidwa ndi "stuffing" iyo inali galimoto zatsopano poyerekeza akalambula ake. Previous analogues magalimoto anangom'patsa chimango, kumbuyo mtengo ndipo gearbox.

Pamene mbewu mphamvu akugwiritsa ntchito injini mafuta kapena mtundu dizilo UMP "Cummins Daimler". injini izi ndi kuchuluka Redieta pafupifupi kuthetsa kuthekera kutenthedwa. chitsanzo aliyense m'munsi ali okonzeka ndi hayidiroliki mphamvu chiwongolero. chitetezo kukhalamo anaonetsetsa akweza malamba chitetezo ndi airbags (sipezeka yofanana onse).

Magawo Auto "Kenako"

Taganizirani magawo zoyambirira za makina "Mbawala lotsatira". Zosintha makhalidwe luso ndi dongosolo chonse pafupifupi ofanana. Njirazi ndi monga:

• kutalika / m'lifupi / kutalika - 5,48 / 2,38 / 2,57 mita;
• kukhalapo kwa mazenera magetsi;
• chosinthika chiwongolero ndime;
• chapakati lanu;
• kutikonza malo ochepa a mpando wa dalaivala.

Kunja, galimoto anayamba fulumizitsa ayankhe. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuwonjezeka mu kachigawo zashuga millimeters 40 kwake understating masentimita oposa asanu. Kubzala anakhala bwino kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka miyeso ya chitseko.

More pa "Kenako" zitsanzo

Galimoto "Mbawala", zosintha amene chithunzi anapereka pamwamba mwina waika angapo wathunthu. Ogula ndi zitsanzo zotsatirazi:

1. Isothermal Vans.
2. Chopangidwa katundu magalimoto.
3. Europlatforms.

magalimoto onse okonzeka ndi mafuta kapena injini dizilo, komanso muyezo kapena elongated chimango.

mafotokozedwe

The kusinthidwa latsopano "Mbawala" gasi A22 ndi gulu makina ndi awiri mzere kanyumba mipando isanu. Zoperekedwa unsembe muyezo ndi mafelemu yaitali. A kusankha injini zoweta mafuta kapena analogue dizilo kupanga yachilendo.

Banja "Kenako" limanenanso chitsanzo GAZ-A21 ali okonzeka ndi atatu mzere kanyumba. Likupezeka mu yofanana awiri a mtundu wa mafelemu ndi powertrains.

Minibasi naintini A64-R42 mtundu wa okwera anapangidwa yekha ndi injini dizilo "Cummins". Komanso, pa maziko a galimoto opangidwa magalimoto zonyasa, chingwe chabwazi magalimoto, mabasi sukulu, makina utumiki moto.

zosintha injini

"Mbawala" cholinga chowapatsa ndi mitundu yambiri ya zomera mphamvu. Tiyeni tikambirane kusuntha dizilo Cummins ISF 2.8. Unit likukwaniritsa zofunikira za "Yuro-4". gwero Safety galimoto ndi pafupifupi hafu miliyoni makilomita. Mkulu mphamvu pa katundu pazipita amapereka kusakanikirana akadakwanitsira wa makokedwe pazipita ndi magawanidwe kufala zida.

chipangizo ndi anasonkhana China, koma mbali makamaka American, amene amaonetsetsa zothandiza zake ndi zoona. specifications galimoto:

• mtundu - ndi dizilo zinayi yamphamvu injini;
• mphamvu malire mtengo - 120 "akavalo" pa 36,000 rpm masekondi 60;
• kugwira ntchito buku la malita 2.8;
• Psinjika - 16.5;
• Inabala / kufa ziwalo - 94/100 mm.

Zotsatirazi ndi makhalidwe a mafuta analogue ntchito mu "Mbawala."

UMP (EvoTech 2.7)

unit magawo:

• mtundu - anayi sitiroko mafuta injini, zida ndi jekeseni kulamulidwa ndi dongosolo poyatsira ndi microprocessor;
• mphamvu ndi liwiro - 106,8 ndiyamphamvu pa kusintha zikwi zinayi pa yokha;
• psinjika chiŵerengero - 10;
• ntchito buku - 2,7 malita;
• yamphamvu miyeso - 96,5 mm m'mimba mwake.

Zokonzedwanso wagawo "amadya" chakhumi zochepa mafuta, ali ndi makokedwe bwino ndi mphamvu. injini ndi opepuka, izo limafanana ndi "Yuro 5" muyezo zopangidwa kasakaniza wazitsulo patsogolo. Njinga alemba ntchito ku Korea (LG), German (Bosch) ndi mbali American (Eaton).

Zida akweza zinthu zazikulu za amagetsi, kuphatikizapo msonkhano camshafts, magetsi ndi pisitoni. Njinga gawo lapansi apangidwa mmene zinayi yamphamvu kapangidwe ndi mavavu eyiti.

GAZ-32213 ndi -322 132

Kuwasintha magalimoto "Mbawala" ija awa ndi makhalidwe ofanana. Model 32213 amapangidwa kuchokera 2003, lili okwera khumi ndi zitatu. Amatanthauza maonekedwe a galimoto zonyamula chipinda bwinobwino mipando zida ndi kumbuyo mkulu. Galimoto kakusintha magawo angapo wamakono.

Kusintha 322132 ndi minibasi ndi khomo mbali. Automotive kupanga inayamba mu 1996. Ndi mbali yotsala ya galimoto ndi analogues osiyana Kamangidwe mkati ndi kukhalapo kwa mbale mbali kwa anthu. Mu 2005, akatswiri akhala kusinthidwa ndi Kutentha zamkati, anaika dongosolo ABS, ndipo anayamba kupanga mtundu wa thupi mu chikasu chiwembu.

Za Model 3221

Yambani kalambulabwalo wa pafupifupi onse zonyamula "Mbawala" kunayamba m'chaka cha 1996. Poyamba, galimoto anali ndi ntchito wodzichepetsa moti ankatha okwera eyiti.

Wamakono wa galimoto uyu ali ndi mibadwo zotsatirazi:

1. 1996 - pali Mabaibulo ndi zonse gudumu pagalimoto.
2. 2003 - lakonzedwa ndi n'kuika kusinthidwa mpweya wabwino ndi Kutentha dongosolo.
3. 2005 - amamasulidwa ku ABS.
4. 2008 - kukulitsa achita m'Mphamvu minivan ana wapadera, amene makhalidwe zoyenera pa zida ndi chitetezo zoyendera.

Panopa chimake Pakalipano chopangidwa pansi pa dzina "Business" ndipo kuposa mitundu khumi.

zitsanzo zina zofunika

Pamaziko a "Mbawala" ndi chikalata galimoto zingapo opangidwa ku maiko CIS. Pakati pawo:

1. "Ruth" - galimoto opangidwa ku Ukraine (kukonza fakitale Nthawi Yar). Chinali cholinga zoyendera m'dera anthu.
2. Semar - Machine chopangidwa Semenov autorepair mbewu. Mfundo zikuphatikizapo yobereka galimoto, basi, mabasi sukulu ndi zipangizo zina zapadera.
3. Mytishchi chomera umabala chingwe chabwazi magalimoto, Vans lotsekedwa, magalimoto mufuriji ndi zina zipangizo zina zapadera pamaziko a "Mbawala Next".

Kupikisana

Kuyambira ndi chaka zikwi ziwiri zonyamula "Mbawala" zimakhala palibe peresenti zosakwana 50 msika kuyenda. Koma posachedwapa, mtundu uwu osamukira zitsanzo zamakono za ulimi yachilendo ( "Ford Transit", "Renault Trafic", "Mercedes wothamanga" ndi ena).

"Mbawala Next" Mwa zopangidwa zoweta zotsalira otchuka. Kusinthidwa, zithunzi ndi maonekedwe a galimoto ili ndi chidwi ziziyenda ambiri. Tikumbukenso kuti mitundu imeneyo osati okonzeka ndi mafuta ndi dizilo injini, komanso zida gasi, amene amatilola ntchito makina kwambiri opindulitsa.

Pomaliza

Minibuses "Mbawala" mpaka 2005 anali okonzeka ndi carburetors ambiri "injini" wa ZMZ. makulidwe awo ranged kuchokera pa 90 mpaka 110 ndiyamphamvu. Amagwiritsidwanso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito injini mafuta ndi injini dizilo UMZ "Cummins". Machine moyenerera udachita malo a ulemu pakati pa Akhristu zoweta zikomo osiyanasiyana a zanyengo, maintainability, kusinthasintha kwa misewu wabwino kwambiri ndi mtengo angagulidwe.