CSS maziko chilungamo. Transparent uchitika malemba ndi CSS

Mkubwela kwa CSS3 ukonde okonza ntchito m'njira zambiri wakhala mosavuta ndi zambiri zomveka: pambuyo pa zonse, mukhoza tsopano kwenikweni flexibly ikonza iliyonse chinthu, kamodzikamodzi moyembekezera JavaScript. Tiyeni tinene muyenera kusintha chilungamo anachokera - CSS yomweyo amapereka zingapo zimene mungachite.

Background chimafotokozera ya makhalidwe (maziko-image, maziko-udindo , maziko kukula, maziko-kubwereza, maziko-kuphatikana, maziko-chiyambi, maziko-kopanira, maziko mtundu), omwe awerenge padera kapena ziziyang'aniridwa chikhumbo cha maziko. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

M'patseni maziko mtundu

Mu CSS, mtundu maziko akhoza kuyika mu njira zingapo: ntchito hex code, mtundu dzina kapena RGB-kulowa. Mu CSS3 kunakhala kotheka kuti ntchito mmalo RGB-kujambula njira ndi RGBA.

Hex malamulo mtundu wolembedwa mu katundu pambuyo kophimba: maziko mtundu: # FFDAB9. Ngati anthu a kulowa ichi ndi awiriawiri chomwecho, malamulo ndi zambiri kagawo kakang'ono: # ccff00 akhoza kulembedwa ngati # cf0:

thupi {maziko mtundu: # cf0 ;}.

dzina, ngakhale mu mitundu kwambiri zosowa. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera pa muyezo ofiira ndi oyera mungagwiritse ntchito NavajoWhite (#FFDEAD) kapena Honeydew2 (# E0EEE0):

thupi {maziko mtundu: wofiirira; }.

Njira yamasika RGB kapena RGBA kulowa limakupatsani mwachindunji osati mtundu komanso chilungamo cha CSS maziko, koma njira amangogwira ntchito Mabaibulo IE wamkulu kuposa 9. asakatuli kuzindikira yachibadwa Baibulo ndi chilungamo. Malinga ndi mfundo W3C ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito akadali RGBA m'malo alipidwa zambiri RGB.

Mtengo lomaliza RGBA maziko ndi kuyika Kuwonekera 0 (mandala) 1 (opaque).

Pali ena mfundo yachilendo. Mtundu zosakhulupirira akayiyike ntchito HSL ndi HSLA. Onse adaonjezeredwa ku CSS3, motero anthu amapereka mwa IE Baibulo 9 kapena kuposerapo. Embodiments zofanana RGB kapena RGBA, yekha mu mtundu wosiyana: azioneka (mthunzi - phindu pa mtundu gudumu, chikuperekedwa madigiri), Dzazani (machulukitsidwe - mtundu mwamphamvu ngati kuchuluka, kuchokera 0 100), lightness (lightness - kuwala, anayeza chimodzimodzi chizindikiro DZADZANI ).

M'patseni maziko-chithunzi

Kwambiri mtanda osatsegula Baibulo la maziko mandala - izi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fano. Mu CSS3, inu mukhoza kuika zithunzi zambiri, izi zimachitika koma ndi. Mwachitsanzo:

{Maziko thupi chithunzi url (bg1.png), url (bg2.png)}.

njira iyi mothandiza ngakhale IE8. zithunzi zambiri ku maziko a mphira ntchito mu mawonekedwe a. Chofunika, musaiwale ntchito chithunzi chilichonse ndi kuyatsa mtundu maziko mu CSS, monga ogwiritsa akhoza kungoyankha chithunzi.

M'patseni maziko-udindo

Ngati inu ntchito chithunzi apereke maziko wagawo, CSS limakupatsani zikukhala fano kulikonse pa zenera. Ndi kusakhulupirika, fano ili mu chapamwamba kumanzere ngodya. Umunthu amatenga malangizo kapena (mau pamwamba, pansi, anachoka, kumanja), ndi n'zosangalatsa kumva (chidwi, pixels ndi mayunitsi ena). Pankhaniyi, muyenera mwachindunji mfundo ziwiri, yopingasa ndi ofukula:

thupi {maziko-udindo: pakatikati pomwe ;} - muchisanzo chimenechi, chitsanzo adzakhala ili kumanja wa tsamba, pamwamba ndi pansi pa chifano mtunda womwewo.

M'patseni maziko waukuluwu

Nthawi zina m'pofunika kutambasula CSS maziko kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwake. Kuchita izi, ntchito chikhumbo maziko kukula, ndi kukula kwa maziko akhoza kuyika mu pixels kapena chiwerengero, ndi mayunitsi ena aliwonse.

Ndi Chikhalidwe ichi, pali mavuto ena: pakuti anasonyeza zolondola achikhalidwe Mabaibulo choyambirira cha prefixes osatsegula kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Inde, Baibulo panopa limathandiza Chikhalidwe ichi ndi kufunika katundu yeniyeni mbisoweka.

M'patseni maziko-kuphatikana

Chikhalidwe ichi n'chakuti khalidwe la zithunzi zakumbuyo pamene scrolling. Kotero, zikhoza kutenga 3 mfundo (osati kuphatikizapo adzalandira dziko, chiwerengero cha onse zikhumbo m'nkhani iyi):

• amodzi - zimapangitsa chithunzi pa maziko a lokhazikika;
• Mpukutu - maziko mipukutu ndi zina nyengo;
• m'dera - fano pa maziko ndi scrolled ngati scrolling ali nazo. Background kosaoneka nkhani za chimango ndi liri lokhazikika.

Chitsanzo cha ntchito:

thupi {maziko-kuphatikana atathana}.

Panopa, Firefox siligwirizana ndi katundu lomaliza (wamba).

M'patseni maziko-magwero

Chikhalidwe ichi ndi udindo amafotokozera pamalo. asakatuli oyambirira kugwiritsa ntchito prefixes. Chuma iyoyomwe magawo atatu:

• padding bokosi ali pabwino wachibale chitsanzo m'mphepete, pamene kutenga nkhani kakakulu chimango ndi;
• katundu malire bokosi osiyana yoyamba kuti mzere malire kungakhale kwathunthu kapena pang'ono alipo chitsanzo;
• zili bokosi pamalo chithunzi pryavyazyvaya wokhutira.

Ngati musankhe makhalidwe angapo, ndiye asakatuli akhoza kutani njira zawo: Firefox ndi Opera kuzindikira okha njira yoyamba.

M'patseni maziko-kubwereza

Monga ulamuliro, ngati chithunzi chakumbuyo ndi ananenera, ayenera kubwereza horizontally kapena vertically. Pakuti ichi ndi ntchito chobwerapo maziko-kubwereza. Choncho, njerwa maziko, CSS muli chuma oterewo angakhale mmodzi mwa magawo angapo:

• palibe-kubwereza - fano patsamba mu Baibulo limodzi;
• kubwereza - maziko akubwerezedwa mu × ndi Y;
• kubwereza-× - horizontally yekha;
• kubwereza-Y - vertically yekha;
• danga - maziko akubwerezedwa, koma ngati malo sikutheka lembani pakati zithunzi kuoneka kanthu;
• wozungulira - chifanizo ndi scaled, chikapanda lembani dera lonse la zithunzi lonse.

Chitsanzo cha zikhumbo:

thupi {maziko-kubwereza: sa- phunzitsa kubwereza ndi kubwereza} - ofanana maziko-kubwereza: kubwereza-Y.

Mu CSS3 akhoza kukhazikitsa mfundo yoti zithunzi angapo pamene lonena magawo olekanitsidwa ndi mipatuliro.

M'patseni maziko-kopanira

Chikhalidwe ichi amasonyeza khalidwe la maziko pa malire (mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani ya mafelemu lili):

• padding bokosi - maziko anasonyeza mkati mwa chipika;
• malire bokosi - fano akubwera pansi chimango ndi;
• zili bokosi - chithunzi pa maziko kokha kuoneka mkati zili.

Chitsanzo cha ntchito:

thupi {maziko-kopanira: content- bokosi;}.

Chrom ndipo Safari amafuna -webkit- manambala oyambirira.

makhalidwe Kuwonekera ndi fyuluta

Kuwonekera chikhumbo limakupatsani kukhazikitsa chilungamo anachokera - CSS katundu ntchito mu asakatuli onse. mtengo amayikidwa mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera 0,0 kuti 1.0 palimodzi. Pankhaniyi, inu kungathe chilungamo cha CSS maziko zosapi- inteja m'malo 0,3 yokwanira kulemba .3:

.block {maziko-chithunzi url ( img.png); Kuwonekera: .3;}.

Kukhazikitsa maziko Kuwonekera, CSS ndi abwino ngakhale IE pansipa Baibulo chinayi, ntchito sefa chikhumbo:

.block {maziko-chithunzi url ( img.png); fyuluta: Alpha (Kuwonekera = 30)}.

Pankhaniyi, phindu Kuwonekera ndi pakati 0 ndi 100. Dziwani kuti Kuwonekera amanena Zokonda zosiyanasiyana chilungamo kudzera RGBA cholowa: ntchito Kuwonekera zimaonekeratu osati maziko, koma zinthu zonse mkati wagawo ndi.

Nthawi zonse kuwunika ziwerengero ntchito anu asakatuli CIS ndi mayiko ena onse. Vuto lalikulu kwa onse DTP - Mabaibulo akulu a IE, iwo salola kuti ntchito zonse mmene CSS3. Mu mawonekedwe musaiwale ntchito misonkhano yapadera kuti kufufuza ngati osatsegula amathandiza katundu aliyense CSS. Ngati simungathe kukhazikitsa Mabaibulo akulu a asakatuli, kupeza utumiki umene onani malo ntchito asakatuli angapo Intaneti.