Galvanic kusamba ndi manja ake. The zapamadzi ndipo Kutentha kwa kusamba galvanic

mawu Bwino "golide-yokutidwa", "siliva-yokutidwa", "chrome" kapena "faifi tambala" kale mbe mu lotanthauzira mawu a munthu ano, ndipo pozindikira pafupifupi basi. Palibe ngakhale amaganiza kuti mawu onsewa kubisala luso zingathandize munthu kuti afike mlingo wa chitukuko chamakono - electroplating.

Electroplating - kodi njira imeneyi?

The ndondomeko electrochemical zina magetsi ndi mafunsidwe a zitsulo n'kufika pamwamba anasankha, wotchedwa electroplating. Chotero ndondomeko ingagwiritsidwe ntchito iliyonse chinthu, ngakhale kuti sanali zitsulo. Ichi chinali motsimikiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri plating m'mafakitale zosiyanasiyana. Ndi inu mukhoza gild, siliva, ndi chrome yokutidwa zinthu za mtundu uliwonse, munthu wina maonekedwe awo zolinga kukongoletsa kapena akusintha thupi katundu ndi mankhwala pamwamba pa chinthu othandiza (kuwonjezera avale kukana, kuchuluka kukaniza kuti media mwamakani, ndi zina zotero. D.). Zida pano ndi galvanic kusamba.

mitundu ya plating

Pali mitundu iwiri ya njira imeneyi akhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati nthambi zambiri makampani ano, komanso kunyumba. Origin - electroforming - Cholinga kulenga makope lenileni la chinthu anakaika pa kali zitsulo izi. Chachiwiri, ambiri ndi kunyumba ndi kuntchito, ndi kupereka woonda - palibe thicker kuposa tsitsi la munthu - wokutira padziko lonse wa chinthu ndipo amatchedwa ndi electroplating.

Kodi plating kusamba?

Popeza njira galvanic zimachitika chifukwa electrolysis, ndithudi, kuti njira ntchito electrolytic ndi wapadera zipangizo makina ndi magetsi. Galvanic kusamba - osakaniza mbali zonse izi za ndondomeko, koma Gawo omwe kuchuluka amafuna, ndi yankho (electrolyte) , ndipo mphamvu izo. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri makamaka ngati pali yokhudza ntchito electroplating kapena electroforming kunyumba.

Pakuti muli kwa electroforming ndi kuchuluka amafuna ambiri omwe, ngakhale kuti awa mitundu muli ndi wokongola kwambiri onse ali ndi kutsatira. Iwo ayenera kukhala zolimba ndi mankhwala ndale ku njira ntchito, akasamuka chofunika zinthu matenthedwe (osambira Kutentha electroplating ndi kuzirala ziyenera kulamulidwa), komanso womasuka ndi otetezeka ntchito. Bathtubs anapangidwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Njira kusanthula osambira plating

Zikomo masiku ano nthawi opaleshoni pali mwayi kwa kusanthula electrolyte ntchito mu ndondomeko electroplating. M'pofunika zotsatira zabwino za ndondomeko, yunifolomu ndi cholimba ❖ kuyanika. Analysis wa osambira electroplating mu mavuto amenewa akhoza ikuchitika ntchito mankhwala ndi physico-mankhwala njira. Ngati chachiwiri, photometric maphunziro, polarographic, amperometric ndi njira potentiometric kuti zotsatira bwino akamaona zikuchokera electrolyte lapansi.

Chitetezo cha akasinja galvanic

Limodzi mwa mavuto njira electrochemical - ndi chitetezo cha akasinja ku mavuto aakulu njira electrolyte (asidi kapena soda) imene electrolysis amapezeka. Ngati kusamba unapangidwa chuma ndale monga pulasitiki, palibe vuto. Koma zimenezi zimatheka pa nkhani ya mabuku ang'ono. Ngati timatenga unsembe mafakitale, ndiye electroplating mafakitale njira chidebe amapangidwa ndi zitsulo. Pankhaniyi, pali kufunika kuwateteza ku:

- kukhudzana ndi yankho amene amapereka moyo utumiki yaitali;

- zitsulo dzimbiri, amalenga zoipa zosafunika mu njira;

- kupotoza ndi kusintha kwa munda magetsi.

chitetezo ngati amapereka electroplating osambira kumalumikiza imachitika zipangizo polymeric pepala mwa kuwotcherera mpweya wotentha.

Kupanga kunyumba plating osambira

Akufuna kukhala pamalo kanasonkhezereka kwanu kapena garaja ndithu kwambiri. Koma tisaiwale kuti ndondomeko imeneyi si otetezeka. Zoipa zachiwawa nthunzi, njira zikuwononga ndipo ngakhale poizoni, ntchito magetsi kukupangitsa kukhala kovuta pamaso pa ngozi. Koma zing'onozing'ono monga plating mkuwa, chrome plating, faifi tambala plating kusamba zinthu zing'onozing'ono adzasonkhanitsidwa ku improvised. Ndipo ngakhale mu nkhani iyi, mfundo zambiri zofunika ziyenera anakumana:

- kwa njira chidebe ayenera kukhala okhwima, mankhwala ndale dielectric;

- chofunika mpweya wabwino;

- pamaso pa okwanira kuchuluka kwa madzi oyera - ndondomeko losavuta amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito za asanu umatsuka;

- pamaso pa beseni ndi njira neutralizing liquors zinyalala ndi effluents.

Chimake losavuta wa plating kusamba akhale zitini pulasitiki, kudula chipewa kwa khosi ndi ikuthandizira mbali ya nkhani ikuthandizira. Kenako, mu mpanda wa mphamvu odulidwa wolemera, kuvala kapena zisindikizo magalimoto zenera. Sitepe yotsatira ndi phiri chivundikiro mothandizidwa ndi limba kumadalira mbali imodzi ya canister ndi tatifupi ndi ogwiritsa pa chivundikirocho ndi khoma pa mbali ina ya ngalawayo. Pakamwa pa chivindikiro olumikizidwa kwa payipi ochotsera nthunzi kunja - losavuta utsi.

Icho tsopano kuchitidwe kumtunda chotengera ndi mzere cutoff atatu-dzenje ndodo kukhudzana. Ndodo desirably zopangidwa chitoliro mkuwa wa 10-20 mm m'mimba mwake, wandiweyani wokhala ndi mpanda bwino. plyuschatsya malekezero a machubu ndi iwo mokhomerera mabowo kulumikiza mitengoyo kwa magetsi. Pa ndodo, anaika pamodzi m'mbali popachika anode mbale ndi olumikiza gwero positive. The ndodo chapakati inaimitsidwa gawo, ndi cathode chikugwirizana ndi kutsogolera negative. panopa ndi voteji anasankha malinga ndi buku la kusamba.

Mapulani amamwa electroplating osambira

Losavuta chiwembu plating kusamba zikuphatikizapo okwana ntchito atatu: kukonzekera makamaka galvanizing ndondomeko ndi kuwamaliza. Woyamba tichipeza mu kuyeretsa, degreasing, etching ndi kupukuta kwa chinthu kapena gawo - maphunziro. Chachitatu zimathandiza kubweretsa kale TACHIMATA ndi wosanjikiza chitsulo katunduyo "chofunika" mtundu, ndi passivation, ndi buffing T. D. Aliyense ntchito ayenera kutha kusamba madzi ozizira ndi oyera. Ndipo ngati katunduyo kukonzedwa ndi njira zamchere, onetsetsani kuchita kutsuka otentha choyamba, madzi ndiye ozizira.

Katunduyo, amene chofunika odula, chikugwirizana ndi zipangizo zoipa wochititsa (cathode) ndipo anatsitsanso mu electrolyte lapansi. Patsogolo zabwino olumikizidwa kwa elekitirodi wa ❖ kuyanika zitsulo (anode), amene akugwa mu njira. Electrolysis kupanga sungunuka anode (+) ndi zitsulo anakaika pa workpiece, ndi cathode (-).

Mtengo wa electroplating kupanga zamakono

Galvanic kusamba, imene electroforming kapena electroplating ndondomeko, pamlingo malonda ndi onse mwana wa patsogolo, ndi mphamvu zake galimoto. Chifukwa zikomo electroplated zokutira bwino makhalidwe ndi mbali limagwirira, amachepetsa mitengo ya zinthu zawo zimatheka molondola apamwamba conjugation ukuwonjezeka kuvala kukana ndi kukana dzimbiri ndi kuchuluka.