Gulu la moto: makalasi moto ndi mitundu yake

Masiku ano, pali mwapadera muyezo umene inakhazikitsa m'nkhaniyi ndi makalasi a moto - GOST 27331-87. chikalata ichi kudziwa kusuntha ndondomeko kuyaka ndi kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri wozimitsa izo. Mu mawu kutentha ndi misa kutengerapo ndi moto chilengedwe ndi m'makola mwawo ndi mu malo lotseguka. Ndipo, malingana ndi mtundu wa zinthu moto ndi zipangizo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu ndi subclasses, amene tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino.

Kodi makalasi anawagawa moto?

1) Maphunziro A - kuyaka zipangizo olimba kuyaka ndi zinthu. Pankhaniyi, ngati kusonkhezera nkhuni, nsalu kapena mapepala moto amatanthauza subclass A1, ndipo ngati pali palibe zinthu kusonkhezera, monga pulasitiki, - kuti Division A2.

2) Maphunziro B zimapanga flammable flammable zakumwa: insoluble - subclass B1, -B2 sungunuka.

3) Maphunziro C moto ndi amayamba ndi mpweya.

4) Maphunziro D - moto zitsulo. Komanso, zitsulo kuwala a D1 subclass, zamchere amaimira D2, zitsulo munali pawiri - D3.

5) Maphunziro E - moto makhazikitsidwe magetsi, amene ali pansi voteji.

6) Maphunziro F- moto zinyansi nyukiliya ndi zipangizo nyukiliya.

mitundu ya moto

Ndi dera la moto makalasi onse agawanika pa pochulukitsa ndi pochulukitsa. Komanso, iwo akhoza amasiyana kukula ndiponso kuwonongeka chuma ponseponse, mwachitsanzo mu nkhalango, zomera lalikulu mafakitale ndi malo ndi zipangizo kuyaka, komanso midzi. moto osiyana zidzachitika mu dera, pamene chivundikiro olimba ambiri nyumba ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana za moto. Popeza mphepo kotero amafotokozera akhoza kukula mu kulipo, amene amakhala ndi mapangidwe chimphona ndime chipwirikiti lawi chimene chimatichititsa pa liwilo.

Breathability ndi moto katundu

moto Makalasi ankalamulira mpweya, yodziwika ndi okhutira zochepa mpweya wabwino chipinda, kanthawi ndi owonjezera zipangizo kuyaka ndi zinthu. Pankhaniyi kufala kwa moto zimadalira m'dera mabowo mpweya okwanira kapena otaya mpweya umene wolowera dongosolo makina mpweya wabwino. Ngati anati m'nyumba owonjezera mpweya, ndondomeko kuyaka kudzadalira kwathunthu pa katundu moto. Malinga ndi magawo awo kusiyana moto ofanana kwambiri ndi moto m'kati ku poyera.

Volumetric ndi makonsolo moto

Pamene buku la moto, mpweya wabwino ndi Lamulo, pali kwambiri zotsatira matenthedwe pa mpanda. kuyaka amenewa amakhala ndi wosanjikiza mpweya pakati pa moto padziko kuchinga lapansi. The ndondomeko lonse limodzi ndi mpweya owonjezera. Pamene lamulo la zinthu zowononga moto, utsi zenera, monga ulamuliro, kwina.

Makalasi a moto unali kwanuko, yodziwika ndi amadza otsika matenthedwe pa mpanda ozungulira. chitukuko zimadalira mpweya muyeso, zosiyanasiyana zipangizo kuyaka ndi zinthu, komanso udindo wawo ndi malo mu chipinda. Iwo ananena kuti volumetric moto, kaya m'makola mwawo awo, wotchedwa poyera ndi m'dera - payekha, monga zidzachitika mu chatsekedwa zenera ndi khomo mipata.