Insulin ngati kukula Chinthu: ponseponse ndi kupatuka

Insulin ngati kukula chinthu otchedwa timadzi ofanana mu dongosolo mankhwala kuti insulin. Ndi nthawi njira selo zosiyanasiyana, chitukuko ndi kukula. Amagwiritsidwanso nawo shuga kagayidwe.

History of anapeza

Back mu 50s mochedwa zaka mazana makumi awiri, asayansi amanena kuti pakati pa kukula timadzi (STH), lomwe limatchedwanso kukula timadzi ndi maselo mthupi, pali ena mkhalapakati. Mfundo imeneyi n'lakuti chakuti kukula timadzi anamva yekha pa zamoyo, koma pamene kutumikiridwa mu maselo minofu, ngakhale anali mu sing'anga michere, ziribe mphamvu unkachitika.

Mu 1970, iwo anapezeka somatomedins, lomwe latchulidwa ndi amkhalapakati a. Iwo ankatchedwa kukula zinthu insulin ngati. Poyamba olekanitsidwa magulu atatu a zinthu: A somatomedin (IGF-3) ndipo B (IGF-2), C (IGF-1). Koma kunaikidwiratu mu 1980s kuti insulin ngati kukula chinthu-2, komanso 3 - izi ndi chabe bokosilo komanso Komatu kulibe. Only anatsimikizira pamaso pa IGF-1.

kapangidwe

Insulin ngati kukula chinthu 1 (IGF-1) tichipeza zidulo 70 kwa amino kuti apange kulumikizana intramolecular ndi unyolo milatho. Ndi peputayidi amene chimamanga kuti mapuloteni plasma, otchedwa mbadwa kukula china. Kulola somatomedins kukhala ndi mphamvu yaitali. Pamafunika maola angapo, pamene ufulu mawonekedwe anati nthawi si kuposa mphindi 30.

The timadzi ndi ofanana proinsulin, amene analandira dzina lake. Ndipo mu kaphatikizidwe somatomedin ntchito yaikulu ankaimba ndi insulin mwachindunji. Pajatu kumathandiza kupeza chofunika zidulo zonse kwa amino ndi chiwindi kuyamba limagwirira ya kulengedwa kwa FMI.

kaphatikizidwe timadzi

Anati kukula chinthu ankaona endocrine akutetezera kupereka kanthu kukula timadzi. Iwo apanga ndi hepatocytes a chiwindi poyankha kukondoweza cholandilira. Pafupifupi zimakhala onse zochita za kukula timadzi amaperekedwa ndi IGF-1. wapeza chiwindi mu m'magazi, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko, kudzera kuyimira mapulotini chonyamulira mu zimakhala ndi ziwalo. Anati timadzi kumapangitsa kukula kwa mafupa, minofu connective ndi akatumba. Komanso, insulin ngati kukula chinthu apanga payekhapayekha mu zimakhala zambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukachipinda akhoza mosadalira kupereka okha ndi mankhwala.

Katulutsidwe wa IGF-1 ndi kuwonjezeka chiwindi pansi zochita za estrogens, androgens, insulin. Koma glucocorticoids yafupika. Iwo imodzi mwa zifukwa zinthu zimenezi bwanji kukula ndi chitukuko cha lake ndi mlingo wake wa kusasitsa kugonana.

katundu

IGF maselo minofu ochitachita kukula popatsana ntchito ndi insulin. Iwo catalyzes ndi kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni , ndi kubweza ndondomeko chiwonongeko. Komanso kumasintha kagayidwe, kulimbikitsa inapita patsogolo mafuta moto.

Insulin ngati kukula chinthu-1 amagwirizana ndi pituitary England ndi ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha. Ataipeza magazi zimadalira kusankha mahomoni ena. Mwachitsanzo, pa ndende otsika kumaonjezera katulutsidwe kukula timadzi. Komanso kumawonjezera kupanga kukula timadzi-kumasuka timadzi. Koma misinkhu mkulu wa IGF-1 katulutsidwe wa anati timadzi yafupika.

Pakati somatostatin ndi insulin ngati kukula chinthu ndi kugwirizana udzakhazikitsidwe. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mmodzi wa iwo ukuwonjezeka ndi ndende wachiwiri.

Tiyenera kuona kuti ntchito ngati anabolic othamanga sikuthandiza. Zakhala mobwerezabwereza linatulutsa zotsatira za maphunziro amene amanena kuti zotsatira zoipa za mayesero kumwa mankhwala okhala insulin ngati kukula chinthu (IGF). njira zawo zingachititse kuti shuga, zithunzi kuwonongeka, matenda a mtima minofu, neuropathy, mahomoni disruptions. Komanso, mankhwala ndi mmodzi wa catalysts lalikulu kukula kwa zotupa khansa.

Features IGF

Zinaonetsa kuti insulin ngati kukula chinthu 1 ndi adatchithisira mu ukalamba ndi ana, ndipo ndi wokwera pakati achinyamata. Koma akatswiri ena anapeza kuti anthu achikulire amene mlingo wa timadzi ichi uli pafupi ndi malire chapamwamba zachilendo kwa msinkhu wawo ndi moyo wautali. Komanso, iwo sakhala sachedwa matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi. Payokha, ndi Dziwani kuti kuwonjezeka kuchuluka pa mimba.

ndende magazi masana ndi pafupi zofanana. Choncho, ntchito kuti aone chisokonezo chitukuko cha kukula timadzi. Ndipotu anthu ambiri kukula timadzi m'magazi zimasiyanasiyana tsiku lonse, mlingo pazipita zafotokozeredwa usiku. Choncho, molondola anapereka ndalama ndi mabvuto.

Kuchepetsa ndende ya timadzi

IGF-1 anatulukira kokha mu 1978. Kuyambira pamenepo kale tinakhala kwambiri ndithu kafukufuku, chifukwa cha umene unali angapo malamulo. Choncho, kuchepekedwa ya ubwana wake chifukwa cha kuchedwa kukula ndi kukula kwa mwana. Komanso yoopsa ngati insulin ngati kukula chinthu yafupika akulu. Pajatu amatchuka ndi underdevelopment minofu, utachepa mafupa, kusintha kapangidwe ka mafuta.

Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa IGF zingakhale ndi anthu angapo a matenda. Pakati pawo, vuto la impso, chiwindi. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa kuchuluka kwa IGF ndi matenda monga hypopituitarism. Ichi ndi mkhalidwe umene M'mimbamo chingaimitse kapena ndinasintha wotsikirapo ulimi wa mahomoni pituitary. Komanso amachepetsa yopanga somatomedin ndi kuchepekedwa mphamvu, kapena, koposa chabe, njala.

Kuwonjezeka IGF

Ngakhale kuopsa, zomwe zimabweretsa kusowa IGF-1, si koyenera kuganiza kuti achulukitse chiwerengero cha lake moyipa.

Choncho, ngati insulin ngati kukula chinthu 1 akweza, izo zidzapangitsa kuti acromegaly akuluakulu ndi gigantism ana. Ana matenda akuwonetseredwa motere. Iwo anayamba ndi kwambiri kukula fupa. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha zimayambitsa osati kukula yaikulu, komanso kuchuluka kumapeto kwa makulidwe abnormally lalikulu.

Acromegaly, lomwe limapezeka mu akulu amatsogolera kuti yowonjezera mwendo mafupa, manja ndi nkhope. Zowawa ndi ziwalo. Izi zingachititse kuti imfa chifukwa cardiomyopathy - matenda amene anakhudzidwa minofu mtima, linaphwanya ntchito yake.

Nthawi zambiri chifukwa chimene kumawonjezera insulin ngati kukula chinthu, ndi pituitary chotupa. Kuyambira inu mukhoza kutenga kuchotsa ndi thandizo la mankhwala, mankhwala amphamvu ndipo akhoza kuchotsedwa opaleshoni. kusanthula kumathandiza kudziwa bwino kapena mankhwala kufufuza ngati opaleshoni zinachitikadi mosabvuta. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chotupa si kwathunthu adachotsedwa, anthu ambiri IGF ndi kuchuluka.

akafufuza

Matenda kusintha mu ndende ya insulin ngati kukula imayambitsa malo ano zasayansi ntchito IHLA njira. Chotero anaitana kusanthula immunohemilyuminestsentny. Iwo potengera yankho m'thupi la antigens. Mu sitepe kudzipatula chofunika mankhwala Ufumuyo thereto ankayatsa - phosphors, akalipo pansi kuwala. msinkhu wawo luminescence chimaonekera ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera - ndi luminometer. Malinga ndi izo, ndende zinthu anasankha seramu wa.

Kukonzekera Survey

Kudziwa IGF-1, insulin ngati kukula chinthu, m'pofunika kuti apereke magazi m'mawa lamulo kusala kudya. Anandilola kumwa madzi kumveka. The imeneyi pakati pa chakudya otsiriza ndi mpanda mfundo za kafukufuku kukhala maola oposa atatu. Nkofunika kuti Mphindi 30 pamaso pa yobereka kuwunika wodwalayo pa mpumulo. Kuti mudziwe kutenga magazi venous.

Komanso, akatswiri analimbikitsa kusiya kusanthula pa matenda pachimake kupuma (tizilombo toyambitsa chiyambi) kuti kuthetsa zotsatira zabodza.

ndi zaka

Pamene mutayankha njira zasayansi ndikofunika kukhazikitsa m'badwo. Ndipotu, izo zimatengera iye ndiye kodi kukhala chinthu cha insulin ngati kukula. Ponseponse udzakhazikitsidwe lililonse gulu payekha. M'pofunikanso kuganizira osati ndi zaka koma pa deta ya zasayansi zimene mwatenga mayesero. Mwachitsanzo, achinyamata zaka 14-16 timadzi ta m'thupi zingakhale za 220 ndi 996 ng / ml. Ndipo akuluakulu, omwe ndi zaka zoposa 35, sayenera upambana kufunika 284 ng / ml. Akulu wodwala, m'munsi mlingo pazipita IGF akhale. Patatha zaka 66, mlingo wa amayikidwa mu osiyanasiyana 75-212 ng / ml ya pambuyo 80 - 66-166 ng / ml.

Ana IGF milingo nawonso zimadalira zaka. Ana akhanda, amene si ngakhale 7 masiku kukhale 10 26 ng / ml. Koma patapita masiku 16 mpaka 1 chaka, mlingo chinaikidwa pa 54-327 ng / ml.

matenda a matenda

Atapangiratu ndi insulin ngati kukula chinthu, n'zotheka oterewa angapo matenda. Kuwonjezeka mlingo wake wa umboni osati wa gigantism ana ndi acromegaly akuluakulu. Izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha zotupa m'mapapo ndi m'mimba, aakulu aimpso kulephera. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti n'zotheka kukula kutenga dexamethasone, adrenostimulyatorov Alpha, beta-blockers.

Yafupika IGF milingo ana zingasonyeze dwarfism. Akuluakulu, mlingo kawirikawiri yafupika pamene hypothyroidism, matenda enaake, matenda a anorexia nervosa kapena kungoti kudya. Wina za zomwe n'zotheka cha matenda kusagona mokwanira foni ndi phwando chiwerengero cha mankhwala ndi mlingo waukulu wa estrogens.