Kodi kukula timibulu mchere ndi zinthu zina?

Mu zasayansi sukulu ndi kunyumba mukhoza kupeza timibulu wokongola osakwatira kapena masango timibulu yaing'ono, iwo kuphimba zinthu zosiyana (tatifupi pepala, kuchokera ulusi mafano pepala). Kodi kukula timibulu mchere kusungunuka m'madzi? Kuyambira aliyense amene akufuna kuyamba zinachitikira chidwi, chofunika molondola, chidwi komanso kuphedwa molondola malangizo.

crystallization ndi chiyani?

Pamene Kutha thunthu mu madzi, particles kupita mu njira. Chodabwitsa n'zosiyana amatchedwa "crystallization". Zimenezi kugwirizana ndi kusintha mu solubility wa thunthu pa kutentha osiyana. Mwa pang'onopang'ono yozizira makhiristo akugwa njira zimalimbikitsa. The mawonekedwe a particles chifukwa ofanana cubes, diamondi ndi lakuthwa konsekonse, molunjika ndi mbali yosalala. Oyenera kuyesa mankhwala osiyana: sodium kolorayidi, shuga, dichromate potassium sulphate mkuwa ndi zinthu zina. Iwo kupereka osiyana kuoneka mibulu. Kwambiri kupezeka kwa mankhwala madzi sungunuka - mchere. thunthu ndi otetezeka ndi anthu, sichichititsa amayaka pokhudzana ndi khungu kapena mkati thupi. Tiyeni tione mmene kudya kukula timibulu mchere.

Malangizo

kutsatira malamulo osavuta kofunikira kuchita zinachitikira. Izi adzalola mwamsanga kupeza timibulu lalikulu mawonekedwe zonse:

• ntchito demineralised kapena madzi otchezedwa ;
• zinthu kukula makhiristo ndi solubility zabwino;
• kuthera zinachitikira mu chidebe woyera;
• osasankhidwa njira (kudzera chopukutira zotheka pepala).

ndondomeko zingaoneke, koma kugwedeza ndi kusuntha chidebe sayenera. Anthu ambiri amadabwa mmene kukula timibulu mchere, moti kwa kukula ena. Zidalira pa kutentha pa zomwe njira ladzala ndi pa kupezeka kwa particles undissolved ndi zosafunika.

Ndi wosakwiya kuzirala timibulu lalikulu kugwa, ndi pa zolimba - kwambiri a sing'anga ndi yaing'ono. Kuti kuziziritsa mtsuko ndi yankho wasiyidwa mu chipinda ozizira, kapena aikidwa mu mbale ya madzi ndi ayezi cubes.

zida zimene zimafunika kuti chochitika?

Labu "Ulimi wa timibulu mchere" akhoza bwinobwino anachita kunyumba. Iwo adzatenga zinthu lophweka ndi zinthu:

• galasi botolo kapena beaker (akhoza kutenga banki);
• zimathera kwa Kutentha pa madzi osamba;
• mbale ndi madzi ozizira, imene njira zimalimbikitsa ndi utakhazikika;
• coli kwa oyambitsa (galasi kapena matabwa);
• nyuzi ndi fyuluta pepala (pepala chopukutira);
• Thermometer kwa madzi;
• mkuwa waya, kopanira;
• ulusi;
• ayisikilimu ndodo kapena pensulo;
• polstakana mchere;
• demineralized madzi.

Kodi timibulu mchere? Malangizo ntchito choyezera

Sankhani pasadakhale timibulu a mchere, chakudya yaikulu, adzatumikira monga particles mbewu. Kuwamanga kuti chingwe, kukulunga n'kudziphatika kwa ayisikilimu (pensulo pa). Ngakhale kuika preform izi kukonza njira zimalimbikitsa. Pamafunika ntchito chotenthetsera a. Samalani kuti litulukira madzi otentha sangathe kuwotchedwa ndi burner lapansi.

patsogolo:

1. supuni imodzi ya mchere kutsanulira mu mtsuko wa madzi ndi malo mu madzi osamba (90 ° C). Zonse kusonkhezera Wand madzi mpaka kuvunda wathunthu wa mchere mbali.
2. Pitilizani kuwonjezera chinthu mpaka amasungunula. Musamachite pa 100 ° C mu 100 ml ya madzi kusungunuka 39,2 ga sodium kolorayidi.
3. Kamodzi machulukitsidwe kukufika tsekani magetsi. Zosefera madzi otentha ku banki ina.
4. Ndisunse njira akadali ofunda anali yamazinga ndi tinthu zoyambitsa ndondomekoyi.

Patapita nthawi kukula mibulu ya mchere. Zimafunika kuti ndi kuwusisitira youma pa chopukutira pepala. N'zotheka kuchita kuyesera popanda kuyambitsa ndi crystallization kapena kuchepera ulusi womangidwa kwa kopanira zitsulo. Izo chidzakula mibulu. Ngati mukubisa ndi varnish, amakhala anapulumutsidwa.

Momwe timibulu buluu?

Mkuwa sulphate kwambiri sungunuka m'madzi. chachikulu timibulu buluu akhoza kukhala wamkulu kwa mankhwala. Kungokhala mosamala zinachitikira - pawiri poizoni. Kodi kukula timibulu mchere umene uli crystalline hydrate wa sulphate mkuwa? Mungathe kukula ndi dongosolo lalikulu ndi wokongola kwambiri, ngati mwaika kuyambitsa njira. Kuti mupeze mu kozungulira ndi kutsanulira pang'ono njira supersaturated wa sulphate mkuwa ndi kumanzere usiku. Kuyambira timibulu olekanitsidwa amusankha amene zikuluzikulu, womangidwa ndi silika ulusi ndi kumizidwa mu njira otentha zimalimbikitsa kuti si kukhudza makoma ndi pansi mtsuko. Mu mlengalenga zamkuwa sulphate ukuphwera womangidwa madzi, kumakhaladi wotumbululuka Kamaoneka ufa mkuwa sulphate. Ziyenera kukhala wokonzeka kuti ziume galasi ndi lacquered.

Kodi kukula timibulu mchere mu mawonekedwe a makalata ndi zithunzi?

Mu mabanki kukonzekera mogwirizana ndi malangizo brine, mkuwa sulphate, dzuwa, dichromate potaziyamu (kuti kusinthasintha botolo). Pakuti zinthu oyera ntchito utoto chakudya. Kupanga woonda waya chithunzi kapena kalata. White ulusi mapeyala mosamala kukulunga. M'munsi scaffolds anazipangiratu suspensions mu sizinathe utakhazikika njira supersaturated kuti musakhudze pansi ndi makoma a zitini ndi. A tsiku kapena mafano ngakhale mofulumira yokutidwa ndi timibulu. Kuwachotsa mpweya youma pa chopukutira pepala ndi kuphimba ndi colorless msomali osalala. A maganizo ochepa makhiristo atakula:

• ulaliki pa sukulu ya mutu wakuti "njira zothetsera mavuto";
• kamangidwe lipoti pa khalidwe la ntchito choyezera;
• Zokongoletsa chikondwerero khoma nyuzipepala;
• yopanga zidole Khirisimasi mitengo Khirisimasi;
• mphatso kwa anzanu, aphunzitsi, makolo;
• kupanga magulu timibulu atakula.