Kumatira pansi matabwa: mbali ndi mokoma

Monga sangathe chachikulu cha pansi pa matabwa ndi chiwopsezo awo chinyezi. Kukopa kwake zingachititse kuwola ndi chiwonongeko cha pansi chophimba. Choncho, kumatira pansi matabwa ndi chinthu chofunikira mu kusinthika kwa gawo ili la malo cholinga chilichonse.

mitundu kumatira

Today tingasankhe kwa kumatira matekinoloje alipo. njira kudzadalira cholinga cha chipinda, kapangidwe m'munsi ndi mtundu wa pansi pa mapeto. Malinga zosiyanasiyana zipangizo ntchito ndi ntchito kumatira luso kungakhale:

• adaponyedwa;
• kupaka pulasitala;
• kupenta;
• cholusa;
• kraftliner.

Pofuna kusankha njira adzapatsidwa kumatira ndi pansi pa matabwa, ayenera kukhala bwino ndi mokoma njira iliyonse.

NKHANI kumatira utoto

Yotsika mtengo ndipo ambiri mosavuta akuyendera pofuna kuteteza yazokonza pansi kuchokera kuthabwa ndi Utoto kumatira. Iwo amapereka ntchito zokutira polymeric kapena bituminous. A sangathe njira ndi fragility la ❖ kuyanika analenga. Pa ntchito, izo adzautaya elasticity, zomwe ndi zoona makamaka kwa zinthu anthu amene pali kusiyana kutentha. Kenako, ❖ kuyanika uyu adzakhala tikhale brittleness, ndipo kupangidwa padziko tchipisi ndi ming'alu. zaka 6 pambuyo ntchito kumatira wosanjikiza Pakufunika kufunika wa kubwezeretsedwa. Ngati inu idzachitike pa matabwa luso pansi kumatira kutsitsi, chisanadze pansi ayenera sanded, kuchotsa kuchokera pamwamba kuti ziume ndi Madontho mafuta. Pambuyo pamwamba TACHIMATA ndi phunziroli wa bitumastic. Ziyenera kukhala wouma, koma kudetsa ake imagwiridwa ntchito wodzigudubuza kapena burashi. Nthawi zina, ndondomeko akubwerezedwa kangapo.

Mokoma wa kumatira pulasitala

Kumatira pansi matabwa angathe kuchitidwa ndi kuponyedwa luso. Amaona wodalirika kwambiri lerolino. Komabe, tiyenera kudalira njira mtengo. Consumables ntchito adzakhala osungunula phula, phula kapena phula phula. chuma chidzakhala ndi kukhuthala ena malingana ndi kutentha ndi zikuchokera. phula madzi ayenera usavutike 10 °, ndi nkhani otsika-kukhuthala zikuchokera, kutentha ake ayenera kukhala mu osiyanasiyana ° 50 80. The zikuchokera viscous ndi mkangano kwa 120 °.

Asanayambe ntchito, m'munsi ndi zakonzedwa, ayenera kutsukidwa, kuchotsa losweka ndi youma. Komanso, priming chachitika ndi phula otentha. Pamodzi wozungulira ayenera kumanga formwork. The kumatira wosanjikiza ndi usavutike kutentha akufuna, ndiyeno padziko lonse ladzala. The mfiti kusalaza zitsulo scraper, ndipo masamba padziko bola ngati zikuchokera ndi kudzachiritsidwa. zigawo zingapo akhoza TACHIMATA ngati n'koyenera.

Kumasunga kukhuta kumatira

Kumatira wa pansi mu nyumba matabwa zikhoza kupangidwa polemba mfundo wakupambulika dzinache bentonite. Mothandizidwa awo anakonza malo wodzazidwa. Mchikakamizo cha madzi, nkhaniyi ndipamene gel osakaniza omwe si angathe kupatsira chinyezi. Kuwonjezera makhalidwe kumatira anapanga wosanjikiza ali chimateteza luso. Komabe, thicker, omwe amachepetsa kutalika kwa kudenga la. Musanayambe kudzaza nkhani kumatira ayenera kupanga formwork, amene anaika kukafika kutsogolo kwa chipinda. Pamwamba ndi kutsukidwa ndi zouma, pambuyo tingathe kuyambitsa kudzaza osamalitsa mayikidwe ndi kusindikiza.

Malangizo kwa pulasitala achinyezi

Nyimbo zimenezo zimaphatikizapo zosakaniza ndi mchere fillers, binders ndi polymeric zina. Paudindo filler ntchito simenti. osakaniza anakonza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu zigawo zingapo, zimene adzalenga gidronepronitsaemuyu chitetezo. Maziko chotero kumatira ayenera kutsukidwa ku utoto. Mwa makhalidwe ake kumanga - yayikulu mphamvu ndi chiyero. Tokhala ndi ming'alu ayenera kubisa.

The osakaniza youma iyenera wodzilemekeza ndi madzi, kutsatira malangizo a opanga galimotoyo. The zikuchokera okonzeka uli wosakanizika, makamaka ntchito yomanga chosakanizira. Pamene ntchito mu firiji ayenera kukhala mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera +5 kwa + 30 °. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imagwiridwa mu zigawo zingapo, zimene kungakhale khalidwe anayi. ayembekeze imeneyi mphindi 10 pakati pawo. Mu sitepe solidification pamwamba sayenera kuperekedwa wakewo, chisamaliro ayenera kumwedwa kuti thermometer si kugwa m'munsimu 0 °. Izi ayenera kuthetsa kuyanika.

The njira ya kumalumikiza zisindikizo hayidiroliki

Kumatira wa pansi mu nyumba matabwa angathe kuchitidwa ndi luso zapamadzi. Pankhaniyi glued m'munsi phula mpukutu polima-phula kapena zipangizo polymeric. Iwo ayenera kukhala zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe kuletsa inali kuwola. Monga milandu pamwamba, pansi padziko ndi kutsukidwa ndi zouma, ndipo pambuyo amanena utomoni wonunkhira wosanjikiza makulidwe ayenera kuyesetsa 1.5 mm. Top masikono ali adagulung'undisa, guluu wolimba ndi zimatheka mwa zomatira zochokera solvents. Nkofunika kutenthetsa ndi china chotulutsa pamodzi ndi matabwa chisanadze woyeretsedwa. chiwerengero cha zigawo kudzadalira pansi poyera kuti madzi.

Kuwonjezera pa dzuwa la kumatira ndi

Kuti kumatira akhakula pansi pa matabwa kuti ikhale yopambana, m'pofunika kuteteza zipangizo osati kuchokera pamwamba koma m'munsi. Ngati nyumba alibe chapansi, kumatira chikachitika mu ndondomeko ya ntchito yomanga maziko. Ponyamula kunja kumatira ntchito pansi, amene ali chapansi pansipa, zikhoza kukhala zovuta. Chitetezo cha zipangizo chinyezi uyenera osiyanasiyana ntchito. Pakuti ichi subfield yothetsa dongosolo mpweya wabwino. nyumba matabwa ankachitira ndi mchere; kutetezera, ndi padziko chapansi insulated ndi Isoplast kapena zinthu denga. Kumatira nthawi zambiri molumikizana ndi kutchinjiriza matenthedwe.

Kumatira pansi matabwa mu bafa

Kumatira matabwa pansi mu bafa ayenera kukhala zothandiza monga chuma akuwululidwa kwa chinyezi nthawi zonse. Yomanga wa gawo ili la chipinda ayenera kusankhidwa kwa madzi zakuthupi mtengo mtundu wa Aspen ndi larch. pansi zinthu impregnation ikuchitika kangapo, ulusi chimateteza ayenera potkryt zinthu zonse pansi yazokonza pansi pa. malo chitetezo zonse chiyenera kuikidwa padziko matailosi, chimene chingamulepheretse kulowa kwa madzi. Otsala a ntchito kumatira angathe kuchitidwa ndi chimodzi mwa ziphunzitso pamwambapa.

Kumatira wa pansi mu kusamba

pansi chitetezo kusamba zambiri zopangidwa ❖ kuyanika kapena zapamadzi zikutanthauza. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ukonde kapena osiyana mu zikuchokera utomoni wonunkhira. Kudalirika chitetezo kudzadalira wosanjikiza makulidwe. Ngati inu ntchito zinthu film, m'pofunika kuganizira zomatira ndi. Monga mmodzi mwa zofunika zazikulu yaima ndi kuti sayenera kutulutsa zinthu zoipa pa kukhudzana ndi kutentha m'mwamba. Akatswiri musati amalangiza monga insulators kwa anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta ndi ntchito shawa denga anamva, monga kutalika kwa moyo wake si mkulu, koma pamene usavutike izo akumasula zigawo zikuluzikulu za mafuta. Mwazina, pambuyo atagona pamafunika zambiri processing phula. Choncho, kumatira nkhuni pansi mu kusamba ayenera kukhala wandiweyani polyethylene filimu.

Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti njira yabwino kwambiri ndi mutipatse. Akugulitsa mungapeze chilengedwe angakhale angelo wapadera kuti ntchito mfundo iliyonse. Koma kupanga amenewa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. zingapo omanga, ndi si amalangiza kuchita kumatira ntchito mu chipinda nthunzi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti chipinda adzaoneka fungo la zowola ndi nkhungu. Komabe, zimenezi zisachitike, m'pofunika bungwe dongosolo zina mpweya wabwino.

Chitetezo chinyezi pansi pa pansi pa matabwa

Kumatira pansi pansi nkhuni akhoza kuchitika pansi. Ziribe kanthu momwe youma ndi, ntchito imeneyi ayenera kupereka. Chifukwa chaichi, maziko a zigawo zingapo, monga Achiritsa woyamba bwino tikaumbike nthaka tikaumbike pamanja kapena ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera. Chotsatira adzakhala zofunda mchenga, amene amachita monga kumatira wabwino. Ngati muli ndi ntchito ndi dothi wandiweyani, chakwanira adzakhala 10 cm wosanjikiza. Komabe, ngati nthaka ndi osiyana distending ndipo sachedwa yozizira koopsa, zofunda msinkhu akhoza ziwonjezeke kwa masentimita 20, kuyambira m'munsi sachedwa chinyezi mayamwidwe.

Chotsatira ndi kudzaza 10 cm wosanjikiza mwala wosweka, lomwe lili ndi sing'anga kapena coarse nusu. Padziko ting'onoting'ono basi, amene kumathandiza malowedwe a chinyezi zigawo chapamwamba. Choncho, akhoza kuletsa mwayi chinyezi kwa joists ndi joists. Ngati nthaka madzi inali kwambiri kuposa 2 m padziko chomenyedwa akhoza m'malo ndi dongo kukodzedwa, amene akutumikira monga matenthedwe ndi kumatira. zigawo ndi zofunika posankha njira iliyonse pamwamba kumatira wa atagona pansi ndi matabwa zokutira.

Kumatira pansi pa mitengo

Kupanga kumatira pansi matabwa mizati angakhale otsatirawa mtundu wa sayansi. Dera lonse mkati kapu kuti izi m'pofunika kukumba bwino, mtunda wa pakati pa amene ayenera zopanda 1.5 m. Pa khushoni zawo pansi yaikidwa mchenga ndi miyala, kenako blanketed kumatira filimu polyethylene. Izo ziyenera kubwera pamwamba pa nthaka 30 cm. Njerwa ndi yothetsa zipilala kuti pambuyo kuumitsa njira kukonzedwa madzi utomoni wonunkhira.

Best kwa kumatira nkhuni pansi mu nkhani iyi imakhala zosiyanasiyana zipangizo. Mwachitsanzo, pamwamba pa danga pansi pansi yaikidwa denga chuma, zomwe webs amakondana pamodzi phula utomoni wonunkhira. Iwo ayenera kunyamula pa mpanda wa plinth 20 cm ndi phala phula. Kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino mosamala natsekapo, nkhani yabwino ndipo sanadulidwe ndi pindani izo makutu. Pamene khazikitsa nkhani denga muyenera kulenga kukwawa pa pansi pa poto womata. Zitsulo ankachitira ndi phula ndi zidutswa anaphimbidwa wa denga chuma, chosungikira mu zigawo zingapo. Kotero inu kumatira pansi matabwa pansi matailosi akhoza kuchitika. Njira imeneyi ndi mu sitepe yotsatira ikukhudza unsembe pa zipilala wandiweyani matabwa pansi, amene ali chisanadze kukonzedwa ozama zipangizo kumatira. Matabwa akuyang'ana mizati ndi fasteners zitsulo, iwo anapereka joists ndi pansi pa bala chili Chigaza, amene adzakhala maziko a boma pansi.

Pomaliza

Iliyonse zakuthupi inu kumatira pansi matabwa amasankhidwa, chinthu chachikulu - kusunga luso yeniyeni, mmodzi amene akhoza akuyendera payekhapayekha inu.