Makhalidwe mu maganizo, mitundu yake ndi kutanthauzira

Makhalidwe monga makhalidwe psycho-thupi, ndi phunziro la sayansi ya osiyanasiyana, koma kwambiri mwatsatanetsatane za makhalidwe mu kuwerenga maganizo. kumvetsa umoyo maganizo zikutanthauza kuti ndi kokhazikika ya makhalidwe a munthu amagwira imakhudza ndi mbali zake zapadera, ndipo ndi amphamvu. Zimenezi n'zimene, limafotokoza nkhani ya makhalidwe limabweretsa kuwerenga maganizo. Komabe, khalidwe mu maganizo, Chaanthu, ndipo ngakhale sayansi monga sayansi ndale, mbiri, ndi ena, zina, anawona maziko a chitukuko zinchito Pawokha lapansi. Ngati inu thanzi tingaupeze khalidwe zazikulu, yomwe mfundo zokhudza thupi la view, zodabwitsazi yapadera yomwe ikuchitika apamwamba mantha a munthu.

Pali Mabaibulo angapo za chiyambi cha kumasulira lingaliro ili ndi ndemanga zake wotsatira mu sayansi. Malinga ndi mmodzi, makhalidwe a chidziwitso mmene sayansi zayamba maziko a chiphunzitso cha Agiriki a manambala, amene chiyambi kugona mu Pythagorean wakale. Ndi kumeneko kumene ife tikupeza lingaliro la makhalidwe anayi chosiyanitsa mwambo European ya kutanthauzira makhalidwe kuchokera kummawa, imene mitundu isanu ya nthandala. mawu latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Latin monga "odziletsa." Koma Baibulo limeneli lili ndi phindu ena ofikira, chifukwa mu "zolimbitsa" amatanthauza ngati khazikika ogwirizana mu gawo lonse. Choyamba, mawu amenewa agwiritsidwa ntchito ya Hippocrates kufotokoza kuti mfundo za ulamuliro wa munthu "wina timadziti moyo." Anapatsa aliyense wa mitundu ya mtengo ochiritsira mtundu, motero kusonyeza kuti uliwonse mtundu lagona makhalidwe yake yeniyeni kuwerenga maganizo. Njira imeneyi ndi mankhwala makamaka kuteteza lero.

Mfundo yaikulu mu phunziro la mitundu ya makhalidwe, anakhala ntchito sayansi ndi chiphunzitso cha I. P. Pavlova. Mu lingaliro la mitundu mantha dongosolo lalikulu Russian wasayansi amanena kuti zamaganizo a makhalidwe ayenera kusanthula ngati chizindikiro kwa ntchito apamwamba mantha ndi ubale pakati pa katundu osiyanasiyana ya ubongo. Ndipo pa maziko a deta yoona, Pavlov anasankha 4 genotype makhalidwe lolingana mtundu wa 4 wa mantha dongosolo:

- ofooka, yodziwika ndi melancholic ndipo amakhala ndi mitengo otsika onse excitatory ndi njira ochepetsera;

- amphamvu akamakonda (choleric) - mitundu iwiri ya njira mwakhama;

- amphamvu moyenera (sanguine) - kofunikira kwambiri njira excitatory, ndi zolimbitsa - braking;

- amphamvu inertly-moyenera - phlegmatic makhalidwe maganizo bwinobwino yodziwika ndi predominance njira ochepetsera pa excitatory.

Kufotokozera za mitundu ya makhalidwe ndi zothandiza pofotokoza otchulidwa anthu, makamaka ngati munthuyo katundu wa makhalidwe onse akuonekera bwino. Komabe, kawirikawiri izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, makamaka munthu - mbali iyi chonyamulira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makhalidwe. N'chifukwa chake, monga makhalidwe a zamaganizo chikuchita ndi ubale wawo ndi kutipatsa maganizo a mtundu mosavuta.

Amaganiza kuti:

Phlegmatic zambiri pang'onopang'ono, imperturbable, wokhazikika maganizo, pa ntchito - ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri, amene mwakachetechete Cofunika kuchita malonda zopatsidwa kwa iye.

Choleric - ndi "mwamsanga" munthu, kupupuluma otentha. Nthawi zambiri, khalidwe lake ndi khalidwe zopanda nzeru kwathunthu. Childs, choleric ndi sanachedwe kutha mphamvu maganizo, ndipo "ozizira".

Sanguine m'manja, yogwira, koma mosiyana choleric ndi zochita zake ndi zomveka ndi waphindu. Zimakhala wosachedwa kupsa mtima, koma mofulumira akapeza zinthu mosamala, zipatso kwambiri, ndipo, monga ulamuliro, ndi kulenga ntchito.

Wozingwa ndi osatetezeka kwambiri ndi n'zaka anthu. Iye sanali chabe kutseka onse amatenga mtima, maganizo ake nthawi zambiri chopweteka. Melancholic kotero n'zaka kuti nthawi zina m'pofunika kudzilimbitsa mtima khama volitional.

Ambiri, ndi maudindo kuwerenga maganizo, kusankha amitundu inayi makhalidwe - chimodzi cha classifications ntchito. Komanso, ayenera kuganizira subjectivity kuti alipo lero, mu sayansi maganizo kufotokoza mitundu ya makhalidwe.