Mbawala "Kenako": ndemanga. Mbawala "Kenako": makhalidwe, zithunzi

msika Russian linanena bungwe la galimoto Mbawala "Kenako" wakhala chosaiwalika chochitika kwa Gorky galimoto Bzalani. magalimoto amenewa malonda pa GAZ opangidwa nthawi yaitali - popeza 1994, adayenda khamu mzere m'mawa magalimoto, kenako Vans ndi zosintha zina zache. Lero, GAZ anafunitsitsa adzawathamangitsa ku msika wa mpikisano waukulu - "Ford Transit", "Mercedes wothamanga" ndi malotonnazhki ena. Koma latsopano Mbawala "Kenako" ndiye woyenera mutu wa galimoto yabwino malonda? Kuti tiyankhe funso ili lero, ife kuthera mubwereze osiyana galimoto.

kamangidwe

Maonekedwe akunja a galimoto wakhala wachibadidwe ndikusinthidwa - kutsimikizira kuti zatsopano thupi mawonekedwe, nyali ndi bampala (onani chithunzi.). Mbawala "Kenako" inamangidwa pa nsanja ya "Business" kuloŵedwa chifukwa akatswiri atenga chitsanzo ichi, makhalidwe onse abwino ndi kuwabweretsa iwo kwa moyo. Kwenikweni, nkhawa mkati, koma pambuyo pake.

Kulengedwa Mbawala galimoto, "Next" (ndemanga kuona mfundo imeneyi) ali mbali m'malo ofanana ndi mndandanda wa magalimoto bokosibode "Business" omwe anapangidwa pa mbewu Gorky kuyambira 2010. Ndipotu makina atsopano ali onse chomwecho cockpit kamangidwe. Tsopano Komabe, pali kuoneka bwino, latsopano, mizere mpumulo, grille wokongola, zenera lakutsogolo waukulu ndi yaikulu bampala, Akukwana bwino mu mawonekedwe akukhudzidwira za makina. kamangidwe kwachikale za "Kenako" sangapatsidwe dzina - ndipo kuti ndi zoona. Zikuoneka kuti dongosolo la Nizhny Novgorod pa ulimi lalikulu lonse kwambiri.

mkati

Pamene angagwiritse mkati ndi pafupifupi ntchito yosatheka anakumana ndi akatswiri - latsopano mkati ayenera kukhala zolakwa za zitsanzo m'mbuyomu. Choncho, mkati mbawala latsopano ankaganiza zazing'ono wachina chilichonse. Koma ngati zikuoneka pa ergonomics, nthawi adzatiuza, koma tsopano tiyeni titenge kuyenda zofunikila kudzera kanyumba.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chitseko. Sheathing bwino zikutikumbutsa amene anaikidwa pa Mbawala "Business" zaka zingapo zapitazo. Komabe, ndiye iye analandira kapangidwe yosiyaniranapo. Kalirole - izi mwina vuto kwambiri zosasangalatsa ndi onse mbawala: chifukwa kukula wawo waung'ono kutenga n'zosiyana anali pafupifupi mwachimbulimbuli. Koma tsopano kuchuluka padziko dera ndithu, kutanthauza kuti dalaivala adzakhala bwino kuwayang'anira zinthu pa msewu, osati kutsogolo ndiponso m'mbali (by njira, ndi izi Gorky malotonnazhek mavuto sipanayambe), komanso pa kumbuyo.

Old - m'mbuyomu!

Kuimaliza kukonza monga maloko ndi khomo amangomvera, amene tsopano anatsegula popanda khama zoonjezera. Okonza kuti kuusamalira ndi omasuka chiphaso / Atatuluka dalaivala, pang'ono kuwonjezeka khomo ndi masitepe. Mkati, panali ya otungira ndi mogwirizana zipinda, chapakati mmodzi amene nyumba zolembedwa mu kukula A4 (akumbutse zitsanzo oyambirira mbawala madalaivala anali kukhotetsa pepala mu theka, kuziyika izo mu bokosi mogwirizana). Pakatikati kutonthoza ndi ergonomic ndithu - palibe zopindika si anati. The chida gulu ali amasintha backlight nthawi yomweyo yosavuta nkhani.

Luso kusintha mpando wa dalaivala mu madera osiyana - chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za galimoto latsopano "Gazel-Next". Reviews wa eni zitsanzo kale Gorky malotonnazhek zambiri anatsindika n'zosatheka kusintha a mpando kwina kulikonse ngati drawback mawu a chitonthozo. Tsopano vutoli ndi kuthetsedwa kwathunthu. Komanso, kanyumba alipo ngakhale armrest pakati dalaivala ndi mpando anthu.

Yaikulu ndi zonse rattling pulasitiki - ndi khalidwe la onse katundu insa itapangidwa kuchokera 1994 mpaka 2012. Ndipo potsiriza, pafupifupi zaka 20 kuli chitsanzo, akatswiri anaganiza kuti kutenga nkhani iyi kwambiri. Tsopano tikulankhula za chosiyana phokoso kutchinjiriza, amene anaika watsopano Mbawala "Kenako". Reviews Akatswiri amanena kuti chifukwa poyankha nkhani za m'banja galimoto soundproofed kwenikweni mpikisano msika lonse.

kusintha komaliza anakhudzidwa dongosolo mpweya wabwino. Zonse akuponya kakasi pulasitiki m'mbuyomu Komabe, monga mavuto ndi kukhazikitsa ndi ntchito dongosolo magetsi.

chitetezo

Magalamafoni oyambirira mbawala okonzeka ndi mbali chabe chitetezo. Ena mwa iwo anali kokha 3-mfundo malamba, kukhalamo 2 panayikidwa limodzi lokha ndi pretensioner. Tsopano GAZ anaganiza kufikako vuto kwa mfundo zina zazikulu view. Kuwonjezera pa malamba latsopano kusinthidwa, galimoto yatenganso airbags awiri kutsogolo. Mtsogolo, ndi kutukula kukonzekera akonzekeretse makina ndi njira zina.

zitsulo khalidwe

Monga amadziwika, khalidwe la kupanga cabins pa Mbawala woyamba mibadwo wachiwiri anali osagwira kwambiri. The eni mpweya tonnage zaka 1994-2003 la kumasuka zambiri anadandaula zitsulo lawola mu footrests ndi pansi pa chitseko. Analiponso milandu kuti zitsulo chabe kunali kugwa ndipo anagwa chifukwa dzimbiri. Tinaonanso kuda dzimbiri ndi arches gudumu.

Koma ndi kutulutsidwa kwa m'badwo wachiwiri mbawala zidule akadali anapitiriza, ndi digiri latsopano. Popeza 2003, m'malo pamakomo pa magalimoto lawola nyumba - izo zonse amayenera kulocha, ndi zina kukhazikitsa watsopano. Ena osema analandira njira zambiri choyambirira - kuzilemba pa utoto (yeniyeni pa zatsalira ake) carboxylic filimu ya mtundu wakuda.

thupi

Komanso, pali mbawala latsopano lawola thupi, ndi zambiri kudzera. m'mbali mwa galimoto pambuyo zaka 3-4 ntchito zinali chabe litadzala ndi mayenje awo, ndi zitsulo, monga m'mbuyomu, anali chuma kutha ndi dana ndi mabowo chomwecho pa mpikisano. Koma kodi vuto loterolo galimoto latsopano "Mbawala-Next"? Katswiri Reviews kuti pali. Ndipo pali mfundo youma. Choyamba, thupi "Kenako" galimoto zopangidwa zotayidwa (ie, dzimbiri sadzatenga konse), ndi kanyumba - zopangidwa kanasonkhezereka zitsulo (kapena kani, ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza Hud). Ambiri, chitsulo lawola m'madera vuto zidzaiwalika.

Mbawala "yotsatira": makhalidwe injini

Ndi cholowa chimango "Kenako" analamulira "Business" ndi powertrain mzere, amene, monga ife tikudziwira, ali kukodzedwa kwambiri mu 2010 (panthawi imeneyo kunali dizilo "Cummins" mu buku la malita 2.8). Kwa iwo ndipo adzakhala zoyendetsedwa ndi galimoto zaka wotsatira kupanga. Iwo ubwera ndi Turbo wagawo Buku gearbox 5 masitepe. Koma mafuta , "Gazel-Next" eni galimoto ndemanga onani Mwachangu mkulu wa galimoto ndi. Ndi deta pasipoti, izo amathera zosaposa 8.5 (pa 60 km / h) ndi 10.3 (pa 80 km / h) lita imodzi ya dizilo pa makilomita 100. The pazipita galimoto liwiro la makilomita 134 pa ola limodzi.

M'pofunikanso kugogomeza kudalirika wapadera wa injini dizilo, amene anaika watsopano Mbawala "Kenako". gwero ake okwana (ie Tinayenda pamaso kukonzanso) ndi makilomita oposa 500 zikwi. Choncho, 120 amphamvu American "Cummins" kulandira udindo wa "miliyoni-engine." Yerekezerani 402 TH ndi 406 Motors gwero TH alibe kuposa 200-300 zikwi makilomita kukonzanso.

Ndi unsembe wa mphamvu ina yake yatsopano wagawo ndi chiwerengero cha patsogolo kwambiri m'munda luso, interservice galimoto mtunda wakhala kuchuluka kwa makilomita 15 kuti 20 chikwi. intervals utumiki womwewo udzakhala zosintha zina "Gazel-Next" galimoto - basi, galimoto kapena yofanana zina zache.

zachilengedwe wochezeka

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa ziziyenda mpweya poizoni mpweya utsi. Tsopano GAZ galimoto komanso "Cummins" Adzakhala akuyan'anila osati Yuro-4 muyezo, komanso Yuro-5 ndi Yuro-6 (kusinthidwa Mbawala "Kenako" basi komanso). Komabe, wosamalira izi chilengedwe zinachititsa mavuto atsopano ndi mavuto yokonza. Tsopano anthu ambiri amene adagula Mbawala "Kenako" ( "Mlimi" kapena galimoto - zilibe kanthu), amadandaula mavuto ndi zosefera ndi nozzles, amene chifukwa osauka mafuta khalidwe dizilo yatsekera pafupifupi mwezi uliwonse. Kuti ndi ntchito yachibadwa magalimoto zoweta kugula galimoto ndi mfundo zosachepera chilengedwe (mu nkhani iyi Yuro-4) ndi kupeza zopezera gasi kuti agulitse aatali mafuta khalidwe.

Mphamvu katundu chipinda

Zikamera wa zosintha zatsopano thupi elongated, "Next" akhoza bwinobwino kunyamula katundu ndi buku monga 11, 16, 18 ndi mamita zambiri kiyubiki. Mwa njira, 4-mita Baibulo accommodates ndendende 6 pallets. Komabe, madalaivala ambiri sakumvetsabe njira amasulidwe ngati Mabaibulo kuleza wheelbase. Inde, chifukwa kudula chimango mu theka, ndiyeno kumanga pakati pa amachepetsa awiri njira? Osati mosavuta kulenga chimango yofunika monga Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Germany kuchita ndi 'Atego "? Ikukhala ngati zinawonongeka makina kutambasuka njira adzakhala pa GAZ yaitali ntchito.

Mbawala "Kenako" mtengo

The mtengo koyamba galimoto mu 2014 ndi 725 zikwi rubles. Pakuti mtengo uwu wogula akuitanidwa "se" galimotoyo. Elongated Mbawala "Kenako" (komanso wopanda thupi) ndalama 745.000 rubles. Pa bolodi Baibulo, malingana ndi kutalika kwa chimango ali pakati pa 750 ndi 764 zikwi. Mbawala "Kenako" mlimi ndi kanyumba awiri awiri zikhoza kugulidwa kwa ogulitsa ndi ovomerezeka pa mtengo wa 820 000 rubles. Chopangidwa katundu Vans ndalama za yemweyo - kuchokera rubles 788 000 kwa 820 000. Mtengo Mbawala "Kenako" (basi) ndi za 985.000 rubles. tippers galimoto Baibulo ofunika 888.000 rubles. Mwa njira, malinga ndi Mlengi, Mbawala "Kenako" zonyamula ali ndi denga okwezeka ndi cholinga chowapatsa kwa magalimoto onse m'matauni ndi yapakati-dera.

mlingo wa zida

Pomaliza, patsogolo sayansi ndi ndiyenera magalimoto athu. Makamaka tisaiwale kuti zofunika zida Mbawala galimoto wakuti "Kenako" (zonyamula Baibulo wake komanso) zikuphatikizapo chapakati lanu, kuwasindikiza dongosolo wailesi, ulamuliro sitima, mpando kutalika chosinthika ndi horizontally, kalirole mkangano lakumbuyo, mphamvu mazenera, chosinthika chiwongolero mzati, komanso kachipangizo kuti chidzasonyeza malo lotseguka chitseko. Chotero ambirimbiri options mu m'munsi mwa Gorky galimoto fakitale ndi mankhwala ake "Mbawala" Palibe munthu ali kuyembekezera.

Kaya kasinthidwe ndi ndalama za makina, nthawi chitsimikizo kuti aliyense wa zaka 3 kapena makilomita 150,000.