Mbiri ndi udindo mu dziko lamakono - chauvinism Kodi

Lingaliro la "chauvinism" anatuluka m'ma 19 atumwi ku France. Mawuwa likuchokera ku dzina la msilikari wakale wa Napoleon a Alonda theka-lodziwika bwino umunthu - Nikolya Shovena de A Rochefort, amene anakhala wopambana osati vaudeville. Chauvin, monga iwo amati olemba mbiri ena, mnyamata anapita msilikali lachifumu, anavulazidwa nthawi seventini ndipo analemera kwambiri moyo wa chuma chapadera. Komabe, mpaka kutha kwa masiku ake amalambira Napoleon ndi sanazengereze kunena mokweza ingenuously kuposa ndi zinatchuka ndi kunyozedwa osati asilikali komanso anthu wamba. The msilikari wakale Chauvin anali kukonda dziko lako kuti m'malo mapepala Mwala Imperial galu mbendera komanso kugona pa izo.

Imeneyo ndiyo mbiri ya mawu. Komabe, pali palibe maganizo momveka bwino zimene chauvinism - kwambiri osamveka mawu. Ena amanena kuti dziko kwambiri, ena - aukali munthu wodana mfundo, ndi ena - ndi mtundu wa tsankho. Komabe, mofanana ndi dziko sizolondola kwathunthu. Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti chauvinism, cholinga kodi kutumikira?

Pamene mbiri yakale amati, chauvinism - si mfundo, chifukwa palibe inalamula aliyense bwino, kachitidwe okhwima, njira yeniyeni kukhala ndi zolinga ndi zonena za kufunika sayansi. Chauvinism - izo ndi chigawo chimodzi maganizo amadziwika ndi wachidani anthu, monga kuyenera dziko. Mizu ya zikamera awa mafunde awiri maganizo amakhalanso osiyana: otsiriza, monga ulamuliro, auka kwa mtundu oponderezedwa akuwonetseredwa mu zoletsedwa ndi malamulo a zinthu za dziko, pofuna kukhala anthu awo, kuti, amanyamula apamtima positive. Chauvinism ndi mwayi wapadera wa mtundu akulamulira ndipo kumaonekera mwa kunyoza mitundu ina, pofuna kubisa kapena chiwonongeko ngakhale thupi la kuloŵerera yaing'ono.

Makamaka oopsa chauvinism pamene anakhala mfundo nduna ya boma, kuti zimakhazikika ndi wolungama mwalamulo. Posachedwapa, mu 30-40s wa, anthu akuona kuti anabweretsa dongosolo la ndale potengera mawonekedwe poipa kwambiri a chauvinism - Nazism. Mu dziko lathu, mawu akuti wakhala wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha Democrats Social, amene mwankhanza anamenyana chauvinism namanga latsopano Community International.

Choncho, tidadzatulukira kuti chauvinism izi mu lonse m'dzikolo. Komabe, liwu limene limagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi kudziwa olakwika chikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, pali amuna ndi akazi chauvinism - mitundu iwiri sexism. Aliyense amakhala ndi chakuti pali kusankhana zochokera jenda, anyamata akuyesedwa pa zimene sangathe ndi vuto langa zonse, mpaka izo - yaing'ono kapena ngakhale sanali sakupezeka. Mwina si ofunika kufotokoza zimene chauvinism wamwamuna. M'mbiri yonse, anthu ambiri kuchuluka kwa kugonana mphamvu muzochitika zones za moyo ankaona ponseponse, koma zikamera wa feminism ndi chilakolako amayi kufanana anali chiyambi cha podzudzula boma la zochitika. Male chauvinism ndi zochepa wamba ndi njira bata chifukwa Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ndi mbali ya chikhalidwe - pa mlingo mawu.