Milandu ya Moscow Triumphal ku St. Petersburg

Poyambirira kumene malo a Moscow Triumphal ali tsopano, ku St. Petersburg kunali gulu la asilikali. Dzina limeneli laperekedwa chifukwa msewu wopita kumzinda wa Russia unayamba kuchokera kuno. Arc de Triomphe ndi ofunika kwambiri ku dziko lonse komanso St. Petersburg makamaka, popeza kuti kukamenyana kwake kunadziwika ndi kupambana kwa asilikali a Russia pa asilikali a Turkey ndi Perisiya.

Milandu ya Moscow Triumphal ku St. Petersburg: mbiri ya kutuluka

Nicholas I. Iye anayambitsa ntchito yomanga nyumbayi ndi mfumuyo. Mfumuyo inalamula kuti zimenezi zitheke pambuyo poti dziko la Poland lidzathetsa mavutowa a Commonwealth a ku Poland-Lithuanian komanso ntchito yomenyera nkhondo ndi Turkey ndi ufumu wa Perisiya.

Kuikidwa kwa zipata pa Moskovsky Prospekt kunali koyenera ngakhale kale. Izi zinayamba kuganiza mu 1773. Kenaka polojekitiyi inakhazikitsidwa ndi akatswiri awiri: katswiri wina wa zomangamanga dzina lake Charles-Louis Clerisso ndi ojambula Etienne Maurice Falcone. Mu 1781 anapereka ndondomeko yawo yomanga kwa mfumu, koma pakufufuza mwatsatanetsatane zonse zinatha.

Tinabwerera ku nkhaniyi patatha zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Mu 1831, Nicholas I anafufuza ntchito ziwiri: Wojambula nyumba wa ku Russia Vasily Petrovich Stasov ndi katswiri wa ku Italy Albert Katerynovich Kavos. Ndondomeko ya mfumu yomalizira idaona kuti ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri, choncho, inavomereza chitukuko cha katswiri wamisiri. Komanso, panthawiyo Stasov adadziwa kale Narva Gates - ntchito ina yaikulu.

Mipukutu ya Moscow Triumphal monga mawonekedwe a pensulo Nicholas I anavomereza mu 1833. Nemełdi Vasilii Petrovich anayamba kuphunzira zambiri zapamwamba, chifukwa chiwonetserochi chinali choyimira pulojekitiyi. Anakambirana ndi akatswiri pankhani ya kuponyera, ndipo pamodzi ndi iwo womanga nyumbayo anaganiza zongotumiza chipata, ndipo, mbali zina, malingana ndi sayansi ya Agiriki.

Kukonzekera kukamangidwa kwa malo opambana a Moscow Triumphal Gates ku St. Petersburg

Mu 1834 kukonzekera kunayamba kumanga. Chaka chino, Nicholas Ine ndikukonzekera malo a kumangidwe kwa chipilalacho, amapanga zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi kutalika kwa gawo lapamwamba la chinthucho ndi m'lifupi la kutsegula pakati pa zipilala. Ntchitoyi ikuvomerezedwa, kuphatikizapo malo ake, ndipo antchito akuyamba gawo loyamba lokonzekera.

Tiyenera kuzindikira chinthu chofunika kwambiri: kuti tiwonetsere mfumuyo momwe Gulu la Triumphal lidzawonekere, iwo amapanga chitsanzo cha matabwa. Icho chinali ndi kukula kwa chirengedwe ndi kukula, momwe mfumuyo ingakhoze kuzindikira zolephera. Koma panalibe. Kotero, Nicholas ine ndinangoyamba kusintha kwina ndikuvomereza kulemba.

Komanso, pempho la Stasov, limakhala lolemba pa maziko. Chiwerengero cha zinthu 12 zoterezi zikuyenera kulengedwa. Mfumuyo imaperekanso "zabwino", nyumba yamatabwa ikuwonongedwa, ndipo ikuyamba kukonzekera malo omwe Goma la Triumphal Gates lidzayime.

Zonsezi zinayamba ndi mapangidwe a pansi pa kufukula. Poyamba iwo anali atachita khama kwambiri, kenako anaika pafupi miyala 600 yamwala imene inatsalira, koma sanazindikire polojekiti ya bello kumalo a Smolny Yard. Pambuyo pake, iwo anayamba kuyika ma slabs, kutalika kwake komwe kunali mamita 4.

Pamene dzenje linali lokonzekera, pakhomo lolowera pakhomo linapempha anthu ofunika kwambiri, ndipo ndithudi, mfumuyo ndi mwini nyumba yomangamanga Stasov. Nthaŵi za ulemu wosiyana zinatsanulira pansi pa dzenje ndikuponya miyala, kumene mayina awo anali ojambula. Chochitika ichi chinachitika kumayambiriro kwa September 1834.

Kuyambira kumanga

Popeza kuti anaganiza zoponya zipatazo, ntchito yaikulu inachitika pazikolo. Stasov alipo ndi antchito nthawi zonse, chinachake chinalimbikitsidwa, chimakonzedwa, mwachiwiri, chinatsogolera njirayi, chifukwa ntchitoyo siinali yosavuta. Zinkafunika kuti zikhale ndi zigawo zina, ndipo zonsezi zinali ndi mipiringidzo 9. Uku kunali chisankho chodabwitsa, chifukwa chinali chophweka kwambiri kugwira ntchito mu fakitale, molunjika pa malo omangako, komanso kutengerapo zinthu.

Pano, mkuwa unkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitu yapamwamba yokongoletsera malo otchedwa Moscow Triumphal Gates ku St. Petersburg. Chinthu chimodzi chomwecho chinali ndi kulemera kwa matani oposa 16, ndi gawo limodzi lachitsulo - pafupifupi 82. Kulemera kwake kwa nyumbayi ndi pafupifupi tani 450. Pa nthawi imeneyo inali msonkhano woyamba wachitsulo padziko lonse lapansi.

Zokongoletsera zazitali za chipata (zizindikiro ndi zikuluzikulu zapamwamba ndi zithunzi za akatswiri a Ulemerero) zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wojambula Orlovsky. Komanso pachitetezo mungathe kuwona zolembedwera kuchokera ku makalata opangidwa ndi bronze. Malembowa analembedwa ndi kulembedwa ndi mfumuyo mwiniwake: "Kwa asilikali a ku Russia omwe akugonjetsa nkhondoyi pokumbukira zochitika zowonongeka ku Persia, Turkey ndi kupha dziko la Poland mu 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830 ndi 1831" .

Msonkhano wapamwamba wa maboma omwe anali pansi pa zipata anadutsa mu 1878 pamaso pa anthu ammudzi. Monga momwe nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa mu luso, polojekitiyi inapanga ntchito yomanga nyumba ya Vasily Petrovich Stasov.

Chifaniziro cha Gates Triumphal Gates

Chipilalacho chiri ndi zipilala 12 ndi kutalika kwa mamita khumi ndi awiri. Chiwerengero chonse cha nyumbayi ndi mamita 36, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi mamita 24. Khomo lachigonjetso la Moscow likukongoletsedwa ndi mphepo ndi zilembo makumi atatu za Ulemelero, zomwe zimagwira zida za zigawo za ufumu wa Russia. Iwo anagwedezeka kuchokera pamapepala a mkuwa ndipo anapitiriza kutsindika mutu wopambanawo.

Chiwonetsero chosasokonezeka

Kodi ndizochitika mwangozi? Mu 1936, pofuna kutumiza zitseko zapamwamba kupita kumalo atsopano (zinakonzedweratu kusuntha pakati pa mzinda kumwera) zidasweka kwathunthu ndikuyeretsedwa. Koma pakufika kwa nkhondo yayikulu yadziko lachidziko, zolingazo sizidakwaniritsidwe, choncho kubwezeretsedwa kwa chizindikiro cha dzikoli kunachitika mu 1961. Choncho, St. Petersburg sankadziwa zimenezi, ndipo anapulumutsa chidindo chachitsulo.

Zaka za nkhondo ndi nthawi yobwezeretsa

Nkhondo zoopsa zikamenyedwa, zida zachitsulo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zomenyana ndi akasinja. Ma blockades anaikidwa pazipata zonse ku St. Petersburg. Pambuyo pa mapeto a nkhondo, zinthu zomwe zinapezedwa zinabwezeretsedwanso, ziwalo zowonongeka zinabweretsedwanso (panali ambiri a iwo), ndipo mu 1961 ma Gates a Triumphal a Moscow anamangidwanso. Akatswiri a zomangamanga a Ivan Kaptsug ndi Eugenia Petrova ankachita zimenezi.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo ntchito zogwirizana ndi chingwecho zinapangidwa kamodzi - mu 2000-2001. Mpaka pano, palibe ntchito yobwezeretsa.

Ndemanga za alendo pa za Triumphal Gates pa Moskovsky Prospekt

Oyendera alendo ndi anthu ammudzi amakhulupirira kuti kuyendera zipata zapamwamba komanso ngakhale kudutsapo kumapereka chisangalalo, kupambana, kupitiliza komanso kutsegulira. Nzosadabwitsa kuti iwo analengedwa polemekeza kupambana kwa asilikali a Russia pa adani. Madzulo, magetsi amabwera, ndipo zipata zimayamba kusewera ndi nyali zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Alendo ena a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi akuyang'ana kuunika kwake osati zabwino, akunena kuti zingakhale bwino.

Petersburgers amakhulupirira kuti Russian yense, yemwe amamvetsetsa mbiri yakale ndi kulemekeza kukumbukira kwa ankhondo omwe anamwalira mu nkhondo, ayenera ndithu kuyendera chizindikiro ichi.

Mzinda wa Moscow Triumphal ku St. Petersburg: adiresi

Mukafika ku chikumbutso cha metro, muyenera kupita ku siteshoni "Gate ya Moscow". Kuchokera mumsewu wapansi pansi kumalo amodzi, komweko kumapezeka, pakati. N'zovuta kuyandikira - kuchokera kumbali zinayi zamagalimoto zogwira ntchito.

Mipando Yopambana ya ku Moscow ku St. Petersburg, zithunzi zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, zimapangitsa kuti mzindawu ukhale wovuta kwambiri, chifukwa ndi opangidwa ndi chitsulo. Kumbali ina, sichiwononga maonekedwe a mzindawo, m'malo mwake, amagwirizana bwino ndi chilengedwe ndipo amakopeka okha. Pokhala ku St. Petersburg, nthawi zonse muyenera kuwona zitseko zapamwamba zomwe zimakongoletsa imodzi mwa njira zazikulu za kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi.