Penshioni thumba - ndi chiyani ichi? ntchito ndiponso mfundo zofunika opaleshoni

Kalanga ine, mu dziko lachivundi, pali njira zambiri zimene mpaka kosamugonjera munthu. Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo - ndi okalamba. Kuchepetsa mavuto akuwuka, izo kupangidwa masikimu angapo osiyana, mmodzi amene - ndi penshioni. Koma momwe gulu ndi udindo kuonetsetsa kuti pamene nthawi ifika, munthu analandira thandizo la ndalama? Fund penshioni - thupi ndalama anakhazikitsa makamaka kwa cholinga ichi. Ndalama ali pagulu kapena mwachinsinsi, koma aliyense amachita ya ntchito zofunika chikhalidwe.

Kodi thumba penshioni? Izi wamaliza ndalama zonse Consolidated?

Poyamba, muyenera kusankha chimene ife tikuchita. Fund penshioni - bungwe limene lili ndi zina misonkhano chikhalidwe zofunika kwa anthu boma (kapena dziko). Pa kufika zaka zina munthu anaika ndalama lolingana, ndi kuwapanga iwo ndendende thumba. Kunena mwachidule, PF amalowerera ndalama za dongosolo penshioni (onse kapena mbali yake, zimadalira boma). Mwachindunji mu nkhani iyi, ndi thumba amatitsimikizira kukwaniritsidwa kwa ufulu wa anthu a Russian kulandira malipiro a.

ndalama penshioni ndi malamulo

Bungweli analengedwa monga mwa lamulo RSFSR Supreme Soviet № 442-1 «Pa gulu la Fund ndi penshioni ya RSFSR". Pa nthawi, bajeti ake wavomerezedwa ndi State Duma a ku Nyumba ya Federal la chilamulo osiyana pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chikalata waukulu ndalama la Russia. Pa nthawi, m'dzikoli anapuma oposa 40 miliyoni ndi opindula 20 miliyoni amene amalandira malipiro kwa izo (ngakhale kuti anthu onse miliyoni 128 akukhala la Russia). Monga mukuonera, pa nthawi ya Fund penshioni Russian pali katundu kwambiri.

ntchito chikhalidwe

chifukwa chachikulu chimene pali Fund RF penshioni, kugwira ntchito anzawo. Mwa maudindo awa, amene akutsatiridwa ndi bungwe limenelo ndi:

1. Kusankha penshoni kwa nzika zochokera kutalika kwa utumiki ndi kantchito, ndi malipiro wotsatira wa ndalama zogwirizana.
2. Russian Fund penshioni chimachititsa ndalama za inshuwalansi, amene anabwera pansi mokakamizidwa inshuwalansi penshioni.
3. Kuikidwa ndi n'kusankha ubwino nawo pa magulu ena a anthu: olumala, anamenyela, anthu amaitcha mkulu mphatso.
4. Inventories gulu onse amene ali ndi kuvomerezedwa dongosolo inshuwalansi penshioni.
5. Ntchito ndipo mogwirizana ndi mabwana amene kulipira premiums lapansi. Makamaka, Fund la Russia penshioni ndi zikugwira ayambe arrears. Choncho, unapatsidwa ndi ena ntchito yazamalamulo.
6. Fund la Russia penshioni ndi zikugwira disbursement ndalama, amene anapereka ngati likulu umayi.
7. Kapoloyu amasamalira njira zonse zilipo dongosolo penshioni kudutsa dziko.
8. Ndikukhazikitsa pulogalamu ya boma co-ndalama ya ndalama kwawo. Iwo imatchedwanso Russian kanthu "unyinji wochuluka".
9. Amaperekera ndalama za inshuwalansi, amene anabwera pansi penshioni oumiriza ndi inshuwalansi.
10. Russian Fund penshioni amakhazikitsa boma chikhalidwe malipiro zina kubweretsa ndalama okwana kwa osachepera mlingo ang'onoang'ono.

State thumba penshioni

Pankhaniyi, Fund la Russia penshioni ya tidzakambirana. Conventionally, limagwirira pulogalamu akhoza anakonza motere: mbadwo watsopano wa nzika wamphamvu ntchito afika chuma. Ena kunditumiza ku pensioners ano amene alandira yokonza ndi boma chifukwa cha ntchito yawo zapitazi. Pamene m'badwo wa msinkhu wogwira ntchito adzakhala wamkulu, ndi mu malo ake adzabwera achinyamata okhwima, chiwembu iyi idzakhala ntchito monga kale, chabe nthawi ndi ophunzira ena. Ndipo anthu amene anadzaza Fund penshioni Russian adzalipira mapulogalamu. Kusintha ozungulira. The downside zoterozo lamulo ndi kuchepa pang'onopang'ono mphamvu kugula a penshoni, chifukwa zifukwa zingapo. Choncho, pakalibe zina magwero a ndalama mu ukalamba wako akhoza kukhala mbali zosasangalatsa kwambiri. Ndipotu, nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka sonyezani mwa Fund ndi penshioni ya Russia, si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera mlingo ang'onoang'ono.

Muyenera amasonyeza kusiyana utsogoleri wolowezana. Choncho, pambuyo boma mlingo bungwe amapita motere penshioni thumba m'deralo. Iye wakhala akugwira ntchito kupyolera mwa nkhani zimene zimachitika anapatsidwa wagawo utsogoleri. Penshioni thumba dera, nayenso, akusonkhanitsa zambiri.

ndalama Private penshioni

The vuto lalikulu - ndizo impoverishment a pensioners, zambiri kupereka kuthetsa mothandizidwa ndi ndalama payekha penshioni. Iwo eni njira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ankamenya. Choncho, PEF ntchito pa mfundo za ndalama ndalama: nzika kuwapatsa makampani ndalama kasamalidwe kusankha komwe aganyali, ndiponso chiwongoladzanja zimene zinatsala amalipidwa kwa penshoni anthu. Choncho, ndalama si kuchepa mphamvu zake kugula chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa misa. Koma amenewa wabwino ndi wokongola kapangidwe ali ndi zovuta zake.

Mtundu wa penshioni chotchuka ku United States of America, kotero za maonekedwe a dongosolo zidzafotokozedwa ndi chitsanzo cha dziko lino. Choncho, ndithu mfundo mabvuto ndi nkhani ya kukhulupirika ndi kubwerera kwa ndalama mu awonongeka PEF. Komanso vuto ndi chakuti ntchito mu chuma msika, komwe sikutheka akutsimikizira kuti zonse zidzakhala monga momwe anakonzera. Choncho ndalama akhoza kutayika (nthawi zambiri wapatsidwa mlingo mapulani koma kugwa kwa ndalama payekha penshioni si kuthandiza ngakhale imodzi). Chotero zinthu zoipa Russia alibe penshioni, koma ali ndi zofooka zake.

Kufunika anthu

Monga mukuonera, mabungwe awa ndi wofunika kuti athe Akundithandiza mu nthawi pamene iwo sadzatha kuti athe dzisamalire. Nthawi zambiri, Fund ndi penshioni ndi mwachangu kugwilizana ndi yothandiza. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti mchitidwe ndalama ngakhale pang'ono, koma limakupatsani kuchotsa ana ndi makolo awo ayenera kupereka thandizo la ndalama. Choncho, Fund RF penshioni n'kofunika mawu a kuwonjezera dzuwa la mabungwe chikhalidwe.

Zopereka ndiwo ndalama

Ndiwo ndalama zilipo Fund ndi penshioni ndi zopereka mabwana alipo. Mlingo muyezo ndi 22%, amene anatengedwa kuchokera kopeleka malipiro. Popeza 2009, mwayi zodzifunira, amene amapita ku gawo olipiridwa wa penshioni ya. Imafotokoza kuti penshioni ndi accrues onse boma ndi bwana manambala ofanana (boma ali ndi malire lamulo limeneli - kuchuluka kwa malipiro ayenera kukhala osachepera 2 zikwi osati oposa 12). Izi njira n'kopindulitsa aliyense wa ophunzira mu maubwenzi amenewa. Choncho, bwana amalandira deduction msonkho kwa kuchuluka kwa zasungidwa kuchuluka kwa mpaka 12 zikwi rubles. Gawo la mukukwaniritsa zimene Russia ali ndi thumba penshioni unasamutsidwira Fund National moyo.

Pomaliza

Monga mukuonera, ndi thumba penshioni - zimakhala zosavuta, ndi gulu ili ndi zosavuta kumvetsa. Pomaliza, n'kofunika kuti zopereka yake, chifukwa anthu inu kukhalabe dongosolo lonse wolimba. Chinanso chofunika ndi kukhalapo malipiro zoyera (zimene sikumangotikhudza amalipiritsa kuti bajeti boma). Ndipotu Fund penshioni Russian ntchito phindu la nzika iliyonse la Russia.