Smorchkov Nikolay: ndi maestro la Soviet mafilimu a kanema yanthaŵi

M'makutu a anthu achikulire kukumbukira wosewera kwa maudindo mu Leschi Mazaeva "mabwenzi enieni", Bobrova mu "Good Morning," Anikin wophunzira mu "anzake", Yasha Mikhaylova mu "kuponya chilango" ndi zina zambiri dongosolo chidwi Soviet Union. A ochepa yodziwa mawu ake pamene kuonera zojambula "Belka ndi Strelka. Star Agalu "imene Smorchkov Nicholas, wosewera, tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino, mawu a pulofesa wa.

ubwana

Little kumukweza Kolya m'ngolo anaona dziko yaikuluyi tsiku lachisanu ndi chinayi la August 1930. adzabadwira wake anali m'mudzi wa Ivankovo mu chigawo cha dera Ivanovo Gavrilov Posad. Iye anali mmodzi wa ana ochuluka mu banja ndi Pelagia Matveyevna Gavrila Ivanovich. zaka zitatu pambuyo pa kubadwa kwake, banja anathawira ku collectivization. Onse Orgtrud anasamukira ku mudzi, umene panthawi imeneyo unali chabe msewu kuchokera Vladimir (ndipo tsopano ndi zigawo yokha ya m'mudzi). Kumene iwo kuyambira moyo. Pamene kukula Smorchkov Nicholas chikondwerero kubadwa kwake 12 (mwanayo ankaphunzira mu sitandade chiwiri), anagwa mchikondi ndi mafilimu a kanema, zimangokopa izo. Chotero iye anatenga kusankha zofunika - kukhala filimu nyenyezi.

Moni, VGIK!

Pezani manja anu pa kalata ya maphunziro, ndi wosewera tsogolo anasamukira ku likulu la Soviet Union - mu Moscow. Iye ali zaka zingapo kuganiza za zimene adzachite pa moyo wake. Kuti loto lake, Smorchkov Nikolay iye ankafuna kuti apeze maphunziro pakufunika kutero, mu Moscow adalowa VGIK. Inde iye anasankha wina kumene aphunzitsi anali wotchuka Sergei Gerasimov ndi Tamara Makarova. Mwamsanga kubweretsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa maloto awo, Nicholas kwambiri chinkhoswe ndi khama, chifukwa iye ngati kutsindika okayuschy kuti dziko lawo si monga noticeable ndipo sayambitsa chonena ayenera kuchotsedwa posachedwapa.

Ntchito yoyamba filimu

Smorchkov Nikolay, amene yonena ndi chidwi amaonetsa pafupifupi mphezi liwiro itatha yoyamba ya ntchito zake, anayamba kuchita zinthu ngati ali wophunzira. Iye anaphunzira konse m'chaka chachiwiri, pamene gawo loyamba analowa moyo wake. Mu 1951, iye anali kusewera mlimi gulu Zhenyu Strukova mu filimu Sergeya Gerasimova "Dziko Doctor". Mu 1953 Smorchkov akumaliza maphunziro pa VGIK, atalandira dipuloma wofiira.

Tsopano loto la mnyamata wina, ambiri, chitakwaniritsidwa. Iye akanakhoza kuyamba ntchito, kutenga monga maziko ena zinachitikira alipo. Smorchkov Nikolay - wosewera anapita kuseri kwa zithunzi za wosewera situdiyo zisudzo ndi wotchuka filimu situdiyo "Mosfilm". Iye anagwira ntchito kumeneko kwa zaka zinayi, kupereka omvera udindo zana limodzi makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu ziwiri mu filimu zosiyanasiyana maudindo. Iwo anali mlimi losonkhanitsidwa ndi membala wa Komsomol, ndi dalaivala journeyman, msilikali ndi Crane, wogula ndi saboteur, wapolisi ndi mphunzitsi, ndi thalakitala ndi wokhometsa, ndi olimbanawo ndi woyendetsa panyanja, msilikali KGB ndi wantchito wa ya unduna okhonda ... Ndi mmodzi wa anthu ake, anapereka gawo la moyo wake.

Smorchkov poyamba pakati pa siteji ed ndi akonzedwa filimu. Mu zisudzo, iye anapita kunja kwa omvera mu sewerolo "madzulo vaudeville akale". Long zokwanira aziyenda naye pa ulendo. Koma chikondi cha mafilimu a kanema anali wamphamvu, iye anapambana komaliza ndi chopanda malire chigonjetso.

Ntchito yabwino yonena wake

Wosewera Smorchkov Nikolay kwambiri zinthu mafilimu. Tiyeni si onse udindo wake anali wamkulu, ndipo panali kwambiri ochepa, koma omvera kumbukirani pafupifupi aliyense wa iwo. yotchinga Didenko nthawizonse wakhala ali wodzipereka kwambiri ndi zodalirika, iye nthawi zonse amadziwa kulowa chofunikira kwambiri cha chifano cha ngwazi wake ndi kuupereka khalidwe ndi maganizo, chirichonse nkhani filimuyo kapena khalidwe.

udindo wake yabwino wosewera akukhulupirira udindo wa msilikali wovulazidwa mu filimu "The Cranes Mukuwulukira" Michael Kalatozova. Momwe munakonzera ndi mkulu wa khalidwe lake anapanga kuvuta mu chipatala, pamene kalata adzadziwa kuti bwenzi lake adampereka Iye. Izo zinali kokha pang'ono mbali, koma yowala, yowutsa mudyo ndi chidwi izo nyimbo. Maganizo mwamphamvu anali amphamvu kwambiri. Ndipo omvetsera, iye anakumbukira wake zochitikazi ndipo limaonetseratu.

Ntchito kwa banja

Smorchkov Nikolay Gavrilovich (onani chithunzi. M'nkhani) kwakhala kofunika kwambiri ndi udindo munthu. Anafotokoza za ntchito yake, ndi kudzipereka kwa banja. Iye akhala ndi bwino m'banja. Mkazi wake ndi mkazi chidwi, dokotala ndi ntchito, Nina Aleksandrovna Smorchkova. M'banja, awiri zodabwitsa wamkulu ana, wamkulu mwa iwo - MGIMO maphunziro ndipo wamng'ono maphunziro a Moscow Road Institute.

Basi chifukwa cha mabanja awo, kusintha moyo wawo, wosewera kamodzi anaganiza zogula nyumba wogwirizana. Moscow. Kuchita kupeza iyi, iye, kale wosewera lopambana ndi kulemera ena mwa anthu, adayamba amalandira mwayi uliwonse, ngakhale kuti nkhani. Chifukwa cha ichi, mu nthawi yaifupi kuti Smorchkova Anapitirizabe sitampu "epizodnika". Makhalidwe a wosewera wotchuka anali osavuta Russian wamba, nkhondo kapena kugwira ntchito.

Zinali, ndithudi, wosasangalala, koma chochita - ndalama analandira kwa kuwombera, zinali zofunika kwambiri. Ndipo Nikolayu Gavrilovichu anatha kuzindikira maganizo ake. Iye anatha kudziunjikira kuchuluka chofunika, ndi kugula nyumba banja lake.

Ngakhale msinkhu wake m'malo zapamwamba (a wosewera kwa zaka 85), iye anali akadali mokondwera ndi zinchito. Ndipo iye anapitiriza kuchita iye amakonda, komabe zinthu kanema. Pakati wake mndandanda posachedwapa ntchito "nkhalango", "Mona Lisa pa phula", "Ufulu kumukonda." Kuwonjezera Smorchkov anafuulira zojambula kwa amaonetsa wamng'ono.