The yamphamvu, m'dera yamphamvu

Cylinder (anachokera ku Greek, ku mawu "wodzigudubuza", "wodzigudubuza") - ndi zojambula thupi zomwe ndi chimafotokozera kunja pamwamba otchedwa cylindrical, ndi ndege ziwiri. ndege izi intersect mawonekedwe pamwamba ndipo kufanana kwa wina ndi mzake.

A pamwamba cylindrical - pamwamba kuti analandira translational zoyenda mzere wolunjika mu mlengalenga. kayendedwe ndiwo amene anasankha mfundo za mzere wolunjika amapanga gulu limodzi limaoneka lokongola la mtundu mosabisa. mzerewu molunjika amatchedwa jenereta, koma pamapindikira - chitsogozo.

yamphamvu ndizo nsapato zapansi ndi lateral cylindrical pamwamba. Zonenepa kubwera mu njira zosiyanasiyana:

1. zozungulira, yamphamvu molunjika. Pa maziko a yamphamvu ndi perpendicular kwa chitsogozo mzere generatrix, ndipo ali ndi olamulira chosokonekera.

2. okonda yamphamvu. Iwo ngodya pakati pa ikuyambitsa mzere ndi nthaka si m'mbali.

3. Cylinder ena mawonekedwe. Hyperbolic, dzira, parabolic, ndi ena.

M'dera la yamphamvu, ndipo onse padziko dera lililonse yamphamvu opezeka powonjezera malo a zapansi za chithunzi ndi malo mbali pamwamba.

The chilinganizo chimene linaŵerengera malo onse a yamphamvu kwa yamphamvu zozungulira, molunjika:

SP = RH + 2n 2n 2n R2 = R (h + R).

Ofananira padziko dera ndi anafuna ndi pang'ono zovuta kuposa m'dera lonse la yamphamvu, ndi kuchita masamu ndi kuchulukitsa kutalika kwa ikuyambitsa mzere pa kukafika kutsogolo kwa gawo mtanda popangidwa ndi ndege amene ali perpendicular kwa mzere generatrix.

Kudera limeneli pamwamba ndi yamphamvu ndi zozungulira, ndi yamphamvu pomwe anamuzindikira ndi jambulani wa chinthu.

Jambulani - ndi rectangle kuti ali ndi msinkhu H ndi kutalika P, lomwe liri m'munsi kukafika kutsogolo.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti yamphamvu lateral m'dera ndi wofanana ndi malo chindodo ndi kuchita masamu mfundo izi:

SB = pH.

Ngati inu kutenga zozungulira, molunjika yamphamvu, ndiye iye;

P = 2n R, ndi SB = 2n uchembere.

Ngati yamphamvu ndi mtima wofunitsitsa, dera pamwamba mbali ayenera kukhala wolingana ndi mankhwala a kutalika kwa mizere yake jenereta ndi gawo mtanda wa wozungulira umene uli perpendicular kwa mzerewu ikuyambitsa.

Mwatsoka, palibe dongosolo wosavuta kufotokoza m'dera la pamwamba lateral wa yamphamvu okonda kudzera kutalika kwake ndi magawo maziko ake.

Kuwerengetsa dera gawo yamphamvu, muyenera kudziwa zina. Ngati gawo mtanda maziko ake ndege mitanda, mtanda gawo nthawi zonse rectangle. Koma rectangles izi zasintha, malingana ndi gawo malo. mbali imodzi ya gawo ofananira wa chithunzi, ndilo perpendicular kwa m'munsi wofanana kumwamba, ndi zina - m'mimba mwake wa m'munsi mwa yamphamvu ya. Mbali yachigawo ya amenewa, motero, liri ndi mankhwala a mbali imodzi ya rectangle kwa ena, perpendicular kwa woyamba, kapena mankhwala a kutalika kwa chithunzi kwa m'mimba mwake maziko ake.

Ngati gawo mtanda perpendicular ndi chiwerengero m'munsi, koma kudutsa olamulira kasinthasintha, dera gawo lino udzakhala wofanana ndi mankhwala a kutalika kwa yamphamvu, ndipo poyambira ena. Kuti tipeze poyambira, m'pofunika kumanga bwalo pa pansi pa yamphamvu utali wozungulira kugwira ndi kusuntha icho, chimene chiri view yachigawo. Ndipo mfundo imeneyi muyenera perpendicular kwa utali wozungulira wa ku mphambano bwalo. Mfundo mphambano ogwirizana ndi pakati. A m'munsi mwa makona ya - ndi chofunika poyambira, kutalika kwa amene anafuna ndi a Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean. The Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean ndi: "Ndalama za mabwalo miyendo iwiri ndi wofanana ndi hypotenuse lofanana mbali zonse":

C2 = A2 + B2.

Ngati gawo sikumangotikhudza m'munsi mwa yamphamvu ndi yamphamvu yokha, ndi mzere zozungulira, dera gawo ili mtanda napeza monga dera bwalo.

Dera bwalo ndi wofanana ndi:

S env. 2n = R2.

Kupeza utali wozungulira bwalo R, m'pofunika kugawa kutalika kwa C 2n:

R = C \ 2n, kumene N - PI, ndi zonse masamu masamu kwa deta ndi circumferentially ofanana 3,14.