Mbiri ya Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean. chitsimikizo

Mbiri ya Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean ali zaka zingapo. Amanena ponena kuti m'bwalo la hypotenuse ndi wofanana ndi Uwerenge mabwalo miyendo, zikanadziwika yaitali asanabadwe wa masamu Greek. Komabe, Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean, mbiri ya chilengedwe ndi umboni wa omangidwa ake ambiri ndi ndi asayansi awa. Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, chifukwa cha ichi chinali umboni woyamba wa Lingaliro Lovomerezeka, yemwe zoyendetsedwa ndi Pythagoras. Komabe, ofufuza ena kutsutsa mfundo imeneyi.

Music ndi mfundo zomveka

Tisanafotokoze kukuuzani inu momwe nkhaniyo kusanduka Pythagorean Lingaliro Lovomerezeka, mwachidule yonena za masamu. Iye anakhala mu BC VI atumwi. Tsiku la kubadwa kwa Pythagoras 570 BC. e, malo -. chilumba cha ku Samo. Pa moyo wasayansi ndi amadziwika pang'ono. zokhudza mbiri magwero Achigiriki imachitika mogwirizana ndi zopeka zoonekeratu. Pa masamba a Mfundo zikuoneka munthu wanzeru kwambiri, lamulo lalikulu la mawu ndi luso kumukakamiza. Mwa njira, pa chifukwa chimenechi masamu Greek Pythagoras ndi kuitana kuti ndi "mawu okopa '. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, kubadwa kwa tchire tsogolo ananeneratu Oracle. Atate ulemu wake akutchedwa mnyamata ndi Pythagoras.

Tchire anaphunzitsidwa ndi maganizo zazikulu za nthawi. Pakati pa anyakudziwisa a achinyamata Pythagoras ndi Pherecydes kuoneka Germodamant Sirossky. Woyamba anam'phunzitsa kukonda nyimbo, wachiwiri anaphunzitsidwa nzeru. Onse a sayansi izi sizinasinthe cholinga cha wasayansi moyo wake wonse.

Education mu 30 zaka

Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, pokhala moti anyamata Pythagoras anachoka kudziko lakwawo. Iye anapita kukafuna nzeru ku Iguputo, komwe anakhala, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, kuyambira zaka 11 mpaka 22, ndipo kenako anatengedwa mkaidi ndipo anatumizidwa ku Babulo. Pythagoras anali kupindula madalitso ake. Kwa zaka 12, anaphunzira Masamu, ndi matsenga mu boma wakale. Samo Pythagoras sanabwerere mpaka zaka 56. Apa, pamene malamulo a Polycrates wankhanza. Pythagoras sanavomereze dongosolo zandale, ndipo posakhalitsa anabwereranso kum'mwera kwa Italy, kumene iye anayikidwa Greek njuchi a Croton.

Today mukhoza motsimikiza ngati Pythagoras anali mu Iguputo ndi Babulo. Mwina iye anachoka ku Samo ndipo kenako anapita pomwepo Croton.

Pythagoreans

Mbiri ya Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean zokhudzana ndi chitukuko analengedwa ndi nzeru zapamwamba Greek sukulu. Chipembedzo-zikuyenela abale analalikira kutsatira makhalidwe makamaka, kuphunzira masamu, masamu ndi zakuthambo, ankachita nawo kuphunzira mbali ndi akatswiri lachinsinsi la manambala.

ophunzira onse kutsegula masamu Greek zimachitika kwa iye. Komabe, mbiri ya chiyambi cha Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean amangidwa ndi biographers wakale yekha ndi nzeru zapamwamba a. Amaganiza kuti anawapatsa Agriki nzeru limene tingaphunzire mu Babulo ndi ku Iguputo. Palinso buku kuti iye anapeza Lingaliro Lovomerezeka pa magawanidwe a miyendo ndi hypotenuse, osadziwa za zipambano za mitundu ina.

Pythagorean Lingaliro Lovomerezeka: mbiri ya anapeza

Mu ena amanena Greek kufotokoza chimwemwe cha Pythagoras, pamene iye anali wokhoza kuti atsimikizire Lingaliro Lovomerezeka. Polemekeza chochitika, analamula nsembe kwa milungu mu mawonekedwe a mazana a ng'ombe, ndi phwando. Akatswiri ena Komabe, kuloza ku n'zosatheka kuchita zimenezo chifukwa chikhalidwe cha Pythagoreans maganizo.

Akukhulupirira kuti lonena "Zochitika", analengedwa ndi Euclid, wolemba amapereka umboni wa Lingaliro Lovomerezeka, ndi wolemba umene unali waukulu Greek masamu. Komabe, zimenezi sikuti amapereka mwa onse. Choncho, ngakhale nzeru zapamwamba wakale Neoplatonist Proclus ananena kuti wolemba pamwambapa mu "Principia" ndi yokha umboni wa Euclid.

Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma choyamba zopanga ndi Lingaliro Lovomerezeka kuti akali Pythagoras.

Ancient Egypt ndi Babulo

Pythagorean Lingaliro Lovomerezeka, amene amachita nkhani ya chilengedwe m'nkhani, malinga ndi German masamu Cantor, ankadziwika mwamsanga 2300 BC. e. mu Iguputo. Anthu akale a ulamuliro wa Nile Valley Farao Amenemhat Ndinadziwa chilungamo February ³ + 4 = 5 ^{² ².} Amaganiza kuti mothandizidwa ndi kansalu ndi mbali 3, 4 ndi 5 aigupto "chingwe natyagivateli" alimbane kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino.

Mumadziwika Lingaliro Lovomerezeka la Pythagoras ku Babulo. Pa mapale chojambulidwa cha 2000 BC ndipo analembedwa ndi ulamuliro wa Mfumu Hammurabi, adapeza pafupifupi mawerengedwe a hypotenuse wa kansalu bwino.

India ndi China

mbiri ya Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean chikugwirizana ndi chitukuko wakale wa India ndi China. Treatise "Xuan Zhou zina kuti adzipeza Jin" malangizo amene Aigupto makona (m'mbali mwake ikukhudzana 3: 4: 5) wakhala wodziwika mu China mwamsanga mu XII. BC. e. ndi VI lapansi. BC. e. masamu a boma mukudziwa mawonekedwe onse a Lingaliro Lovomerezeka ndi.

Ntchito yomanga ufulu ngodya makona ntchito Aigupto limafotokonzera Indian lonena "Sulva Sutra" chojambulidwa cha VII-V CC. BC. e.

Choncho, mbiri ya Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean nthawi ya kubadwa kwa masamu Greek ndi nzeru zapamwamba amabwerera zaka mazana angapo.

umboni

Asanabwere Lingaliro Lovomerezeka ake anali mmodzi wa Masamu chimapangitsa. History of umboni wa Lingaliro Lovomerezeka a Pythagoras, mwina anayamba kuganizira za equilateral makona bwino. Pa hypotenuse ake ndi mbali pomanga mabwalo. Amene "adakulira" pa hypotenuse, adzakhala zigwirizana Triangles anai amene ali wofanana ndi loyamba. The mabwalo pa cathetus Choncho zigwirizana Triangles awiri amenewa. Zambiri likutipatsa chifaniziro limasonyeza bwino zotuluka pa mfundo anakonza mu mawonekedwe a Lingaliro Lovomerezeka wotchuka.

Umboni wina yosavuta Chili Masamu ndi ajebura. Zinayi zofanana bwino-angled Triangles mumbali ndi, b, c akukopeka kuti apange mabwalo ziwiri: kunja mbali ndi (a + c) ndi mbali mkati ndi. Choncho dera ang'onoang'ono a lalikulu ndi wofanana ^2. M'dera la Calculated lalikulu Uwerenge m'madera a apakati ang'ono ndi Triangles onse (amakona anayi m'dera la makona, ife kukumbukira, kuchita masamu mfundo (A * B) / 2), mwachitsanzo ² + 4 * ((A * B) / 2), umene uli wofanana ² + 2av. Dera lalikulu lalikulu kuchita masamu m'njira yosiyana - monga mankhwala a mbali ziwiri, ndiko (a + b) ^2, umene uli wofanana ndi ² + ² + 2av. Likukhalira:

ndipo 2av + ² + ² + ² = 2av,

ndipo ² + ² = m ^2.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya umboni wa Lingaliro Lovomerezeka izi. Pamwamba pawo ntchito ndi Euclid, ndi asayansi Indian, ndipo Leonardo da Vinci. Nthawi zambiri anamatetule wakale zinachititsa zojambula, zitsanzo zomwe zili pamwamba ndipo musati kupereka malongosoledwe iliyonse, ena kuposa zolemba, "Taonani!" The kuphweka wa maumboni zojambula malinga ngati pali ena ndemanga chidziwitso ndipo sanafunikire.

Mbiri ya Lingaliro Lovomerezeka Pythagorean, limafotokozedwa mwachidule mu nkhani kumasintha nthano za chiyambi chake. Komabe, n'zovuta kuganiza kuti dzina la masamu kwambiri Greek ndi nzeru zapamwamba zonse zithe kukhala ndi izo.