Thromboembolism wa mitsempha ya pulmonary

Thromboembolism ya mitsempha yam'mimba (m'mimba ya EP) ndi kutseka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi magazi (thrombi). Kawirikawiri, thrombi imalowa mu mitsempha ya m'munsi, makamaka kuchokera ku mitsempha ya chikazi. Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale kutseka kwa thrombi ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha PE, komabe pamakhala chiopsezo chotsekemera kwa mitsempha yamatenda ndi mafuta, airy kapena maiko akunja.

Zifukwa za PE

Chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa monga embolism ya pulmonism, monga momwe tafotokozera kale, kupweteka kwa mitsempha ya m'munsi, kotero anthu omwe ali ndi mitsempha ya varicose ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chadzidzidzi.

Kuonjezerapo, zifukwazi zimaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa matenda a mitsempha, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi matenda a mitsempha, matenda a chilengedwe m'thupi, matenda omwe amachititsa kuti wodwalayo azigona pabedi, mankhwala opatsirana, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa.

Chiyanjano pakati pa PE ndi CHF (matenda a mtima) sichidziwika bwino . Kuonjezera apo, matenda akuluakulu amatha kusuta, anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Kawirikawiri, pamatenda 30 peresenti, matendawa amayamba modzidzimutsa, opanda zifukwa zowonongeka, makamaka chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro za matendawa, zomwe sizigwirizana ndi chithunzi chonse cha matendawa, ziyenera kunyalanyazidwa.

Matenda a Thromboembolic (zizindikiro za matenda)

Pa 90%, zonsezi zimayamba ndi kupweteka pachifuwa, dyspnoea (kupuma kwake), komanso kutaya mtima, ndipo zizindikirozi zikhoza kudziwonetsera okha palimodzi ndi padera.

Njira zogwiritsira ntchito matenda a pulmonary embolism

• Kusankha kwa plasma D-dimer m'magazi. D-dimer ndi chinthu chomwe chimachokera ku fibrin cleavage. Mpweya wake umatuluka m'magazi a m'magazi pamaso pa thrombi, ndiko kuti, malinga ndi D-dimer, n'zotheka kuwerengera chiopsezo cha PE kapena chowoneka chotupa.

• CT ikuyang'ana. Popeza kuti ali ndi PE m'matenda 90%, kupweteka kwa mitsempha ya m'munsi kumapezeka, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kupewa matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito CT CT scan.

• Kupuma kwa mpweya wabwino. UPU ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito PE - lero pali zochepa zowonongeka kwa mankhwala ojambulidwa ndi jekeseni. Mfundo ya UPU ndi kulembedwa kwa albumin particles, zomwe zimalola munthu kuyesa kuperekera mafuta m'thupi.

• Angiography of vessels zamapulmoni. Angiography ndi njira yakale yokwanira yodziwira matenda monga pulmonary embolism. Masiku ano, njirayi yakhala ikukonzekera zambiri, chifukwa chaichi, ngakhalenso magazi a 1 mm kukula akhoza kuwonetsedwa ndi angiography.

• Zojambulajambula. Kuwonjezeka kwa kayendedwe kabwino ka mtima kumapezeka mu kotala la odwala onse omwe ali ndi PE, motero njira iyi yozindikiranso ndi yofunika kwambiri.

Kuchiza ndi kupewa matenda opatsirana.

• Chithandizo chodziletsa. Amagwira ntchito yothandizira kuchipatala pofuna thandizo linalake.

• Thrombolysis. Thandizo lachipatala limakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe komanso limachepetsa kwambiri chitetezo.

• Mankhwala a antiticoagulant. Masiku ano, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mtsogoleri pakati pa njira zonse zothandizira mapulmenti embolism. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi otsika kwambiri a heparin ndi othandizira ena a antiticoagulant.

• Zosefera zakuda. Amaikidwa pamtunda wozama wa m'munsi, osalola thrombus kukwera. Zosefera zotero zingathe kugwira ntchito nthawi yaitali, kuthandiza anthu kupeŵa mavuto a venous thromboembolism.

• Embollectomy ndi njira yopaleshoni ya kuchotsedwa kwa thrombus, yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuyambira 1924, kotero pali njira zambiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuphatikizapo catheterization yowonongeka ndi kuchotsa mimba popanda kudula.

Mankhwala amakono sakuima. Madokotala ndi asayansi akuwongolera njira zothandizira nthawi zonse. Komabe, kuyang'anira thanzi lanu ndi ntchito ya munthuyo mwini poyamba.