Abkhazia - Russia kapena ayi? Map of Abkhazia

Abkhazia ndi dziko chodabwitsa ndi chikhalidwe wapadera ndi mbiri yakale. Anthu a m'dera limeneli, akuitana kwawo popeza: Apsny. Kumasulira, amatanthauza "Dziko la Soul."

Location

Abkhazia pa map chimakwirira lalikulu m'mbali mwa Nyanja ya Black. Iwo umachokera ku mtsinje Psou kwa Inguri Mtsinje. M'litali zithunzizi paradaiso ndi makilomita mazana awiri ndi makumi awiri. Alendo ambiri amakopeka ndi dzuwa wokongola, azure nyanja ndi mpweya balmy a mapiri. Nature Abkhazia amapatsa anthu osati chimwemwe cha moyo. Limabwerera achinyamata ndi thanzi.

Abkhazia pa mapu a dziko lonse lili ku dera kumpoto kwa Caucasus. Iwo ali m'dera la Black Sea dziko. Mu kumpoto malire ndi Karachay-Cherkessia ndi Kabardino-Balkaria. Mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa - ndi Georgia, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa - ndi Krasnodar gawo.

gawo wotanganidwa Abkhazia ndi mbali ya makilomita lalikulu 8700. Kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa, m'litali ndi wofanana ndi wamtunda wokwana milingo zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu, ndipo kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera - makumi anayi. Likulu la Abkhazia mzinda wa Sukhumi. Pa gawo la dziko ndi zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri, midzi chomwecho, midzi anayi ndi midzi yambiri.

nkhani

Nthawi yatsoka wa ufumu Abkhazian ndi zana lachisanu ndi chitatu. Popeza theka lachiwiri la m'zaka IX. izo anakhala gawo la Georgia. M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu, Abkhazia anapambana Mongol-Chitata. Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XVI. kulamulidwa ndi anthu a ku Turkey. Abkhazia ndi gawo la Russia anayamba mbiri yake kuyambira 1810. Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma, boma Union anazindikira m'dera la Georgia kwa mtsinje Psou. Abkhazia anali m'gulu Republic izi demokalase. 25.02.1921, mu Georgia anali wopereka Bolshevik kulanda boma. Kale mu March 1921 mu Abkhazia analengeza mphamvu Soviet. Mu December chaka chomwecho izo anakhala m'gulu la Chijojiya SSR.

Panthawi imene Soviet, zinthu mu Abkhazia anali pano. Misa zipolowe am'deralo akhala anati mu 1957, 1967 ndi 1978. Abkhaz adamfunsa secession ku Republic Chijojiya.

Makamaka kukula asapita izi mu 1989. March 18 Abkhaz anthu anasonkhana pa msonkhano makumi atatu pa zomwe bwana zinapangidwa kuti secede ku Georgia. Mu June 1989, kusiyana wamagazi ndi ku Georgia kunachitika mu Sukhumi. chifukwa awo anali khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi akufa. nkhondo linathera ndi akuluakulu.

Nkhondo ndi Georgia

25.08.1990 wa bungwe Lalikulu la Abkhazia linavomereza ya ulamuliro. Aggravation ya mavuto azandale zinachitika ndi oyamba a asilikali Chijojiya pa dera la Abkhazia. Mu 1992, Bungwe la Abkhazia Supreme analengeza kuchotsa malamulo a anavomera mu 1978, zinali zobvomerezeka ndi malamulo a 1925 chikalata inalembedwa doavtonomny udindo wa dera. Iye sanazindikiridwe ndi Georgia. Mu yomweyi, izo zimatuluka nkhondo Abkhazia. Pa nkhondoyo, ntchito zida zankhondo, ndege ndi zida zina.

Kukhazikitsa kulamulira mbali ya m'gawo lake, komanso kuti asayambe kukhulupirika kwa dziko - ndi cholinga anathamangitsa ndi Georgia. Abkhazia kufuna kukuza bwino kulenga kudziyimira pawokha ake ndi ufulu.
Kumapeto kwa 1992, nkhondo anayamba kuvala khalidwe oppositional. Ngakhale mbali mu nkhondoyi adagonja ndi sakanakhoza. Chifukwa, pakati Abkhazia ndi Georgia yosainidwa angapo zikalata. kusagwirizanaku zimakhulupirira kuti mgwirizano pa kutha wathunthu cha nkhondoyi onse. Pankhaniyi, zida olemera ndi mphamvu kusiya m'dera la mkangano.

Pambuyo tizigona ndi Chidani anali anayambiranso. Mu 1993, Sukhumi, Abkhaz asilikali anayamba kulamulira kuti anapanga Alonda National la Georgia kuchoka m'dera la Abkhazia.

Nkhondo kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu. Pa kumenyanako, anaphedwa pa mbali zonse za anthu sikisitini zikwi. kuwonongeka imene anachititsa kuti chuma cha Abkhazia Akuti pafupifupi biliyoni khumi dollars.

mphamvu okhazikitsa mtendere

The mbali Russian zinthu ngati nkhoswe pakati pa zipani zotsutsana. Mu May 1994 mu Moscow anasaina mgwirizano pa disengagement ndi ceasefire. Mu zone nkhondo akhala anayambitsa ndi CIS mphamvu gulu, amene ntchito ndi kukhalabe nevozbnovleniya moto.

asilikali okhazikitsa mtendere wopangidwa mwa asilikali Russian mu ulamuliro wa makumi kilometre zone chitetezo pakati Georgia ndi Abkhazia.

kanthu UN

The Chijojiya-Abkhaz Kutsata Council unakhazikitsidwa mu 1997. Izo zinachitika pa nkhani Geneva. Ntchito ya Council panafika nthumwi ya UN, komanso ku Russia. Koma mu 2006, ntchito yawoyi latsopano nkhondo inayamba mu Kodori Gorge. Georgia anapanga zikulilima chachikulu m'midzi ya m'mbali Kodori. Tbilisi Official walengeza ulamuliro pa Kodori Gorge.

Mu October 2006, Bungwe Security UN anatengera kusamvana nambala 1716. Iwo amatchedwa pa zipani zotsutsana ndi kuleketsa zochita onse ankhondo amene amachepetsa ndondomeko mtendere. The UN atadandaula za kulephera kwa chipani Chijojiya ndi pangano Mukalowa mu Moscow, komanso makonzedwe.

Msewu ufulu wodzilamulira

Abkhazia - Russia kapena ayi? Kuyambira mu 2001, mabwalo Caucasus watenga zochita zosiyanasiyana kufunafuna kulowa mu CIS. Iye akufuna kulumikizana ndi Russia, pamene kusunga ufulu zimachitika palokha. Komabe, mkulu Russian udindo ndi mphamvu yayikulu sadzavomereza zimenezi zingathe. Zimenezi zinanenedwa ndi kazembe Russian kuti Georgia Vladimir Chkhikvishvili mu 2003

zitupa Internal mu Abkhazia wabweza kupezeka kuyambira 2005 kuti extradite kwa zaka khumi ndi zinayi.

Panopa Abkhazia - Russia kapena ayi? No. Komabe, Russian Pulezidenti vv Putin anali kuonetsetsa kuti maphunziro onse m'gawo pambuyo Soviet akhala anazindikira kuti ufulu wofanana ndi udindo wa Kosovo. Pa nkhani imeneyi, Russian Utumiki okhonda unachitikira zokambiranazo ndi mutsogoleli wa Abkhazia ndi Transnistria. Iwo anali mu 2006

Transnistria, Abkhazia ndi South Ossetia m'chaka chomwecho anasaina mgwilizano "Pa mgwirizano mwagwirizana ndi ubwenzi." Komanso anali kulenga gulu la mayiko atatu amene cholinga anali kulimbana ufulu ndi demokalase ya anthu. Mu chimango ntchito dongosolo lino monga mgwirizano chuma ndi ndale, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtendere asilikali angathe kuchotsa asilikali Russian.

Abkhazia lero

Panopa ndi mabwalo a pulezidenti. Malingaliro ali zake boma nyimbo mbendera ndi choyimira. Mwapamwamba malamulo thupi - National Assembly ndi nyumba yamalamulo. Nthambi Yolamula ukufanizidwa ndi mutsogoleli wadziko ndi bungwe la nduna za Atumiki.

Abkhazia - Russia kapena ayi? No. The Republic of Abkhazia - zimachitika palokha. De jure linakhalapo anthu padziko lonse sanabadwe losadziwika. Democrats ambiri amabisa wankhanza ndi zochita Russia anali wachinsinsi monga kuukira Georgia.

Mu 2008 panali akuchuluka wa mkangano. asilikali Georgia zotentha Pofuna kulanda South Ossetia. Pa mbali ya masitepe Russian ndale Atengedwa. Russian Federation anazindikira ufulu wa South Ossetia ndi Abkhazia. Komabe, iye analimbikitsa limati zina kutsatira chitsanzo chake.

Abkhazia ndi gawo la Russia si. Iye ankaona Republic osiyana. The ambiri m'dzikoli ndi Russian nzika. Zinapatsidwa kwa iye zaka zambiri zapitazo.

Mfundo yakuti Abkhazia ndi mbali ya Russia, Russia ambiri amaganiza. Mukadzapita ku dziko lino safuna chitupa cha visa chikapezeka, ndipo njira malipiro mu Republic of la Russia ndi zizindikiro ndalama.

Pambuyo pa March referendum mu 2014 Russia alumikizidwa Crimea wake. Abkhazia ndi South Ossetia zakulitsa mtsutso za udindo wake m'tsogolo.

Mayiko amene anazindikira boma yoyenda yokha

M'mbiri yonse ya Apsny anali yosadziwika dziko. Pakali pano, wakhala anazindikira mwa mayiko membala asanu UN. Choyamba anachita Russia. Mu September 2008, Nicaragua wakhala anazindikira Abkhazia mu September 2009 - Venezuela, mu December 2009 - Nauru, mu September 2011, - Tuvalu. Ufulu wa Republic anazindikira monga South Ossetia, Transnistria ndi Nagorno-Karabakh.

malire

Abkhazia - Russia kapena ayi? No. N'chifukwa chake kuti alowe dziko, chofunika kudutsa malire ulendo wawo. Mmodzi wa iwo - "Psou" - ali pafupi Adler. Pa ulendo uno ku Sochi basi pa mphindi zisanu mpaka fifitini kuyenda basi. Kuti alowe Abkhazia, ndi okwanira kuti munthu wabwinobwino mkati pasipoti. Ana amafunika yekha kalata kubadwa. alonda malire zina kupempha chilolezo kusiya Russia a mwana wamng'ono, zimene ziyenera notarized chokongoletsedwa.

Capital ndi Abkhazia zigawo

The likulu la Republic mzinda wa Sukhum. Map of Abkhazia limasonyeza malo ake. Malowa ali pamtunda m'chigawo chapakati cha boma palokha, pa Nyanja Black, pa gombe la Sukhumi Bay. wamtunda wokwana milingo zana limodzi asanu kuchokera mumzinda - kumalire ndi Russia. Mayendedwe a mzinda wa Sukhum ali kuyambira 1848

Kuchokera kumpoto ndi kum'mawa likulu la Abkhazia zimatetezedwa ndi m'mapiri. Mogwirizana ndi kutenthaku mderali wokongola oti amanenedwa pa chilichonse. Ngakhale pamene mu zigawo foothill wa dziko akadali ozizira kwambiri, Sukhum ukufalikira mthethe, Mimosa ndipo anauka. Chisanu pano ndi chodabwitsa chosowa kwambiri. Pa chaka, pali mazana awiri ndi makumi awiri masiku dzuwa.

Ngakhale mu chaka cha 1898, a World Congress madokotala Sukhum anamuzindikira monga malo abwino mu dziko, limene limathandiza kuti kusintha kwa odwala m'mapapo mwanga. Ndipo chifukwa onsewa nyengo yabwino, zomera subtropical, nyanja ndi mpweya ionized.

Map of Abkhazia kutiuza kuchigawo cha Republic. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Gagra. makonzedwe ake mzinda wa cent Gagra. The malo alionse yaikulu - Pitsunda Bzyb, Gechripsh ndi Tsandripsh. Mosiyana ndi malo ndi mkulu zamasewela angathe. M'dera limeneli pali nyanja Rizza. M'mphepete m'dera ndi Russian Krasnodar dera.

Tauni achisangalalo wa Gagra (Abkhazia), bwino pafupifupi aliyense. Inkakhala pa Black Sea gombe. Izi achisangalalo kwabasi ndi makilomita sate-sikisi ku Sochi ndege. Iwo zimatetezedwa ndi mapiri ku chisanu. Ngakhale madera ake anachedwa nyanja mpweya otentha. Kuchokera m'mwamba zosiyanasiyana za mapiri a gorge ndi updating atsogolere mpweya wabwino mpweya mu mzinda. Gagra akuganiza driest ndi otchulidwa malo mu Caucasus kugombe lonse la nyanja Black. Apa, pafupifupi pachaka kutentha ndi madigiri khumi. Zima mu ofunda ndi zofewa. Mu nthawi kunkafika pachimake za mlengalenga umafunda mpaka madigiri zisanu ndi ziwiri.

The achisangalalo, amene tsopano Msikawu Abkhazia (onani pansipa chithunzi), linakhazikitsidwa ndi wachibale wa Nicholas I - Prince AP Oldenburg. Iye anatenga gawo mu kusinthika mzindawu mu dera zonse wakhala. Telegraph inamangidwa, madzi, nyengo siteshoni. Paki, anaika pa gombe, chokongoletsedwa ndi agave, lalanje ndi mandimu mitengo, Yakanjedza ndi cypresses. The alendo atangofika kumene mumzinda 1911

Wina odziwika bwino mwanyanja achisangalalo thanzi ndi mzinda Pitsunda. Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita twente-faifi kum'mwera kwa Gagra. Pitsunda nyengo ofanana Sochi. Iye ndi subtropical ndi chinyezi. achisangalalo The anatchuka chifukwa chapadera paini nkhalango yake - yotsala ya Crimea-Caucasus zomera wakale. Tsopano ndi dera la malo boma. Kusanganikirana nyanja ndi mphepo ya m'mapiri ndi Mpweya umene allocated mitengo relict paini zimapangitsa m'dera microclimate moona umathandizanso.

Unit wotsatira wa utsogoleri magawano ndi Gudautsky m'deralo. Pakatikati pa malo ili m'tauni ya Gudauta. Kuwonjezera midzi yake yaikulu ndi Novy Afon ndi Lykhny. Gudauta chigawo anali mmodzi yekha mu dziko kuti pa nkhondo asilikali ndi Georgia kwathunthu m'manja mwa boma Abkhazian.

Gudauta ankaona mwanyanja achisangalalo. Nyengo ndi chinyezi ndi subtropical. Yozizira ndi wofatsa kwambiri. Nyengo ya tchuthi kumatenga chaka chonse mu mzinda. Gudauta anatchuka chifukwa minda, lomwe kukula zipatso ndi zipatso m'minda. Mu malo okwera pafupi ndi nyanja ndi paki mzinda. Kuchokera kumpoto kumpoto kum'mawa kwa Gudauta pafupi mapiri a Caucasus lokwera, nsonga za zomwe okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa pafupifupi kasanu miyezi chaka.

achisangalalo ili m'mbali mwa nyanja Bay. Pali miyala magombe, koma kum'mawa iwo m'malo mwa mchenga. Nyengo kusambira kumayambira m'ma May zimatha mpaka October. achisangalalo The akulimbikitsidwa odwala ndi pathologies ya kupuma, mtima ndi mantha kachitidwe, komanso matenda kagayidwe kachakudya.

Mu chigawo Sukhumi, kuwonjezera likulu, m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi m'midzi ndi Pskhu ndi Yashthua. Mu Gulrypshskom - Gulripshi, Azshara ndi Caban.

Kum'mwera kwa Kodori Ridge wokhala anthu Ochamchira chigawo.
Waukulu mzinda Tkuarchal dera, chikalatacho sakutero Georgia - Tkuarchal. Ndiwo ndalama zachuma ndi bajeti chigawo ndi Turkey kampani "Tamsash". Iwo ukugwira migodi ya malasha lotseguka dzenje. Suli kutali ndi dera likulu ndiye phiri Lashkendar. Chikhochi ndi chimodzi mwa zisanu ndi ziwiri malo Abkhaz. Mu Abkhazia, pali malo amodzi - Gal. anthu Aika - Megrels.

chikhalidwe

Georgia, Abkhazia, Ossetia ... Map wa mayiko atatu Transcaucasian anafotokoza zokopa yaikulu ya dera ndi chikhalidwe chake.

Ngati mwaganiza kukaona Abkhazia, mukhoza kuona kuti ndi dziko la mapiri. Iwo anayamba kale kilometre nyanja. A pang'ono pokha - ofukula ovuta, maphompho nkhanza ndi misewu ochepa.

Chifukwa mitsinje mofulumira, mapiri, nyanja ndi zomera m'madera oyandikana Abkhazia ndi kwabasi kwambiri m'mphepete. Mpumulo ya m'dziko la Republic of waima chimathandiza wa chachikulu Caucasus mapiri. mndandanda lawo kumaphatikizapo Abkhazia, Kodori, Gagsky ndi Bzybsky. The chimbuzi ku Abkhazia imatengedwa Phiri Dombai-Ulgen. kutalika kwake - 4048 m.

Mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa dziko ndi Colchis m'zigwa. Pakati ndi mapiri undulating m'tsinde. Mu Abkhazia, mapanga ambiri. Kuya kwa onse amene ali padziko lathuli - Krubera khwangwala. Inkakhala pafupi Gagra. Kuya kwa phanga ndi 2080m.

The mitsinje kudzera m'dera la Republic a Black Sea beseni. Yaikulu ya iwo ali Kyalasup ndi Cawdor, ndi Gumista Bzyb. Onsewo ali kwambiri. Komabe, angathe opangira magetsi ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Mphamvu Abkhazia mitsinje amakonda mvula kapena chipale chofewa. Pa gawo la chigawo Gagra akutenga mtsinje yayifupi mu dziko. m'litali ndi mamita khumi okha. Pozindikira Madamu monga Nyanja Riza ndi Gegsky mathithi.

zomera yosiyanasiyana ya Abkhazia. Apa pali mitundu zoposa zitatu ndi zikwi theka la zomera. Pafupifupi theka la gawo dziko aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango. Iwo amakula mitengo deciduous - thundu, hornbeam, mgoza ndi zina zotero Midlands zambiri nkhalango Oil ndi spruce ... Pa okwera owonjezera makilomita awiri anakonza Alpine madambo ndi wokhotakhota. Ngakhale apamwamba - chisanu wosatha kapena zomera miyala-gravelly.

Mwa nyama zazikulu kuti zimapezeka m'madera mitengo ya Abkhazia, amphaka ndi zimbalangondo, roe mbawala ndi agwape wofiira, nguluwe ndi mimbulu. M'madzi anthu mumapezeka nsomba ndi nsomba nsomba ndi zamoyo zina nsomba.