Al-haram Mosque ku Saudi Arabia

Dzina wodzala ndi Masjid al-haram. "Masjid" mu Arabic - "mzikiti", ndiye pali malo amene kulambira, "haram" amatanthauza "ngoletsedwa". Mu anatembenuzidwa Russian zikumveka ngati "Msikiti wopatulika".

Al-kaaba wopatulika

Pakati ndi wotchuka mzikiti wa Al-kaaba - malo a kulambira okhulupirira mu mawonekedwe a dongosolo kyubu woboola pakati, kwathunthu upholstered mu nsalu wakuda, ndi lalikulu kwambiri mu kukula: mamita 15 mkulu, 10 - yaitali ndi 12 - m'lifupi. Kumangidwa unapangidwa lubwe ndipo ali mkati chipinda. Linamangidwa nthumwi Ibrahim cholinga cha kulambira wa anthu ogwirizana ndi Mlengi wa chilengedwe - kwa Allah. Kuyambira pamenepo, Asilamu onse wopembedza, kulikonse kumene iwo angakhale, mu ntchito ya pemphero kutembenukira kwa Al-kaaba. Kachisi wa al-haram ndi Al-kaaba kugwirizana ndi imodzi mwa miyambo zofunika - Haji.

Malinga ndi mwambo Arab, kachisi woyamba pa malo Al-kaaba ano anapereka Adamu. Pamene dziko anatumizidwa ku chilango cha Chigumula, Abulahamu anabwezeretsa kachisi. Pamaso pa Mulungu adatuma anthu Islam, panali opatulika achikunja Quraish. Atabwera pa dziko lapansi wa Mtumiki Muhammad SAW Al-kaaba anakhala malo kulambira Muslims - Qibla. Aliyense dziko ali mzikiti kagawo kakang'ono, kapena mihrab, zimene zikusonyeza malo a Qibla mapemphero.

Mmodzi wa mizati ya Islam - pemphero

Okhulupirira akukhulupirira kuti iye anadza ku dziko lino ndi cholinga chokhacho - kulambira Wamphamvuyonse. zochitika zonse ndi maganizo a munthu ayenera chikugwirizana ndi dzina la Mulungu. Pakuti yense manja ndi mawu a mtumiki Mulungu adzayankha pa Tsiku la Chiweruzo. Imodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu za ense mu Muslim imatengedwa kuti mapemphero zisanu nthawi. Ndi pemphero, anachita mu mkhalidwe ablution (pochita mwambo woyeretsa) mu nthawi yoikidwayo kasanu patsiku.

Mu mzinda uliwonse, anthu Muslims ndipo pali mzikiti, ndi muezzin ku minaret akutiuza wokhulupirika kupemphera. Panthawi imeneyi, zikuoneka kuti moyo anaima, chirichonse amadzadza mawu akunena adhan. mzinda uliwonse Muslim panthawi mabasi madziwo mwachizolowezi, ndipo anthu amene akukonzekera kupemphera. No zochitika padziko lapansi ingakhale yofunika koposa pemphero. Chifukwa mu Qur'an Oyera amanena kuti limodzi la pemphero rak'at mtengo kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Udindo wa mzikiti mu moyo wa okhulupirira

Mosque - awa ndi malo kumene inu mukhoza kumasuka kuchokera wamba ndi kupuma ndi maganizo a wosatha. Ndi bwino kuchita pemphero ndi abale ena ndi alongo mu malo a mzikiti lapansi. Kumatchedwa pemphero gulu.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, Chisilamu chili mwamphamvu chinachitika mu mbiriyakale, mzikiti wakhala chinthu yaikulu ya mzinda uliwonse pamene otsatira a Mtumiki Muhammad SAW sanakhalitse

Etymologically, mzikiti - malo anachita sujud - prostration. Kulambira munthu ayenera yekha kwa Mulungu. Islam amaletsa kulambira ngakhale munthu wina aliyense. Malinga ndi chikhulupiriro, tchimo lalikulu, ndipo amatchedwa "Kupereka amzake Mulungu."

Mzikiti wakhala ophatikizana ntchito wauzimu, chikhalidwe kapena ndale. Kuchoka pa chiyambi cha chipembedzo mumzikiti osati kumbuyo pemphero. Koma analalikira chikhulupiriro, anathandiza osauka, kuthetsa nkhani zofunika za ndale komanso.

Mzikiti wakhala ndi Cholinga cha chiyero cha ndiponso zinthu zauzimu. Saloledwa kulowa m'nyumba Mlengi pa nthaka yopanda asatsate ablution mwambo. Komanso kulandira ntchito iliyonse pa ukhondo mu mzikiti, chifukwa cha umene munthu kuti munthu alandire mphoto atamwalira.

The mizati inayi ya chikhulupiriro

Kuwonjezera pa pemphero, ndi Muslim ayenera kugwira ntchito zinayi: kunena Shahadah - umboni wa Mulungu mmodzi, kuti ulendo - ndi Hajj ku Mecca, kusala chaka chilichonse pa nthawi yoikika, kugonjera zakaat - chikondi kwa osauka.

msikiti woyera

Panopa kuumba kwa apaulendo ku Russia kuposa anthu 20,000.

Chaka chilichonse mu Al-haram Mosque umabwera pa 2 miliyoni otsatira a Chisilamu. Asilamu ambiri amalota kuti tsiku lina kubwera kupemphera pa Al-haram Mosque (Mecca, Saudi Arabia). mzikiti Izi zili Quran ndendende nthawi 15. Iye ali ndi mbiri wolemera kwambiri. mzikiti wamkulu uyu Palestina mzikiti wa Beit al-Mukaddas.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba al-haram inamangidwa 1570 ndipo panopa ali 4 pakhomo waukulu ndi wina 44 kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo kukapemphera mzikiti tsopano mukhoza 700,000. Naini minarets mamita 89 mkulu chokongoletsedwa mzikiti waukulu apansi atatu. Palinso tambirimbiri m'nyumba mobisa, lotseguka alendo pa mlungu. Awiri mphamvu yaikulu pounikira zovuta. Chirichonse anamanga malinga ndi luso lamakono ndi zochita atsopano: wailesi ndi televizioni, mpweya. Izi zachitika basi kuti kupereka kukhala omasuka alendo lapansi. Ukulu wa al-haram ndi Al-kaaba si olemera mipando, ndi mosavuta kumva ndiponso chiyero.

Kachisi chachikulu cha dziko Muslim

Masjid al-haram chosiyana ndi misikiti wina mu dziko kuti ziwetozi Chaka chilichonse Asilamu onse pa dziko, kugwa kumlambira Mulungu, ndi kuchita mmodzi wa mizati ya Islam. Zikwi za anthu ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndiponso mitundu, mumtundu khungu ndi chuma chawo kubwera pamodzi kulemekeza Mlengi wa kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi zinthu zatsopano kapena kugawana nzeru ndi chidziwitso ndi mavuto awo.

Atamwalira mneneri wotsiriza Muhammad SAW, ndipo thupi lake anasamukira ku Medina, al-haram (Saudi Arabia) wakhala Qiblah wamba cha ma Muslims onse.

Choyamba, chitsanzo cha Mohammed, Asilamu anapemphera mwa malangizo mzikiti wa Beit al-Mukaddas ku Yerusalemu, komanso Ayuda. Komabe, Ayuda m'zonse otsutsana ndi izi anakwiyitsa mneneri wamkulu. Ndiyeno Mulungu anamutuma vumbulutso mu mawonekedwe a ndime 144 Surah "Baqara", imene mneneri anatchula limodzi qibla Muslim - Al-haram. Kuyambira pamenepo, kasanu, anthu mamiliyoni ambiri akuvomereza Islam tsiku lililonse, kutembenukira njira iyi ndi kuchizidwa ndi kupemphera kwa Mlengi. Chipika Mecca anatsegula yekha chikale Asilamu amene kuno m'mwezi wa 12 wa kalendala Muslim.

kukhazikitsanso

Mowirikiza pa ukugwirizana ndi kusintha kwa mzikiti zinathera ndalama zambiri. zopereka zake si Saudi Arabia, amene katundu zikukwaniritsidwa Misikiti ya Mecca ndi Medina, komanso Egypt, Iran, Turkey.

Vuto lina lalikulu - m'madera mzikiti mothithikana chotipinga - anakonza kuthetsa pa kumanganso ndi kuwonjezeka m'madera areal. Magawowa kukhala olambira ku Mecca inamangidwa ndi yapansi mzere umene umakhala malo awiri a kupembedza.

Mugawo mzikiti kakusintha kukonzanso zambiri oyambirira 21 atumwi TH, kuchokera 2007 mpaka 2012, zomwe zinachititsa m'dera kuchuluka kwa 400,000 Km Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia, mwala-chizindikiro pa kuchuluka m'dera adayikapo. Mzikiti waukulu al-haram Saudi Arabia zasintha kupitirira kuzindikira. Izi akhoza kupanga munthu, amene asankha kukauona. N'zothekanso mothandizidwa ndi zithunzi zambiri kukongola kwa mzikiti Al-haram (zithunzi ali pansipa). Mu mbiri ya kukhazikitsanso uyu wa mzikiti ndi - ndi odzitukumula kwambiri. Pa akamaliza zovuta chakhala kuposa nthawi theka. Ndipo tsopano imodzi kupemphera mungathe zambiri 1,12 Mill. Okhulupirika, ndi kupatsidwa nyumba onse ozungulira, chiwerengero cha ophunzira ukuwonjezeka kwa 2.5 Mill.

The adani a mzikiti mu 1979

Osati chirichonse chinali bwino. Mu 1979, aulendo anakumana ndi kulanda lowopsya la anthu amene agwidwa ndi zigaŵenga mwachindunji pa Hajj. amuna mazana asanu ndi mfuti anatseka okha pomanga mzikiti ndi minaret ku zomwe zimafuna pa pempho la, anapereka malangizo ake anatsogolera juhayman al-otaybi. Akamanena za zochita zawo anali kuti anali ideologues mwa maulosi akale, chimene pamaso pa Tsiku lachiweruzo pa dziko lapansi, ndikutisambitsa Islam Mahdi. Mwachindunji zotsutsana ndi Aisiraeli kuti olamulira anapereka okha ndi mwanaalirenji kuti anthu kupanga zifanizo za anthu, Saudi Arabia amachitira malonda ndi United States kukagulitsa mafuta, ndi televizioni, olekerera kwambiri khalidwe. Ankhondowo otchedwa watsopano ntchito kulambira - ndi Mahdi pa mpanda wa Al-kaaba. chakuti aganiza mwazi wa Land Woyera, Wongosangalatsa kufotokoza kulephera kulekerera kupondereza chipembedzo.

Kulimbana ankhondowo masabata oposa awiri mpaka Masjid al-haram sanali kwathunthu anamasulidwa ku mbava ndi. Akuluakulu Saudi sakanakhoza kupirira paokha anali kufunafuna thandizo ku French. Ku France Anauluka akatswiri atatu, amene udindo zinali zochepa malangizo. Iwo sanali kutenga mbali kumasulidwa, monga sanali Muslim. Pamene kuukira itatha, zigawenga zinali mutu mu lalikulu. Kwa zaka 50 zinali choopsa chilango mu Saudi Arabia.