Atherosclerotic cardio: zosokonezeka. Cardiosclerosis: Chithandizo, Zizindikiro, Zoyambitsa

Matenda a mtima dongosolo tithe yoyamba pafupipafupi yatsoka padziko lonse. Pa malo oyamba ofunika matenda a mitima ndi mavuto ake.

Kodi inatsekeratu mtsempha wamagazi matenda?

Ndi matenda a mitima amatanthauza kuti akufotokozera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi mu dongosolo lalikulu ziwiya za mtima - mitsempha inatsekeratu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, myocardium wa mtima wolandira zochepa mpweya ndi akukumana mpweya njala. Pachifukwa chimenechi, mtima si bwino kukwaniritsa ntchito yake, komanso kugwira ntchito pa malire a mwayi yake. Chifukwa cha ichi, pali thickening makoma mtima ndi kuwonjezeka mu kukula. Panthawi ina, mu kusowa kwa magazi ndi mpweya, pali kwambiri minofu nkhawa, ndi chifukwa anayamba anawononga m'mnyewa wamtima, kapena kuwonongeka kwa chotengera ndi chitukuko cha kukha mwazi (m'mnyewa wamtima infarction). Nthawi zambiri, chikhalidwe ichi chili ndi maziko a zotupa atherosclerotic wa ziwiya inatsekeratu, koma zifukwa maonekedwe ake akhoza kukhala ambiri. Kumathandiza kumvetsa chifukwa kukhala ndi chikhalidwe zofunika kwambiri ndi kawirikawiri mu CHD - atherosclerotic cardio.

Kodi matenda - cardio?

Kawirikawiri, cardiosclerosis kumvetsa ndondomeko sizingasinthe a kudutsa mu unyinji wa minofu mtima. Pamene alipo yachibadwa cardiomyocyte m'malo mwa minofu connective, amene kwambiri impairs kugwira ntchito kwa mtima.

Pali mitundu iwiri waukulu, umene anawagawa cardio - atherosclerotic ndi postinfarction.

Monga dzina lake likunenera, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction anayamba pa malo wakale wa dziko necrosis a cardiomyocytes - vuto la mtima. Pansi m'malo ake, zimakhala zowonongeka ndi ndondomeko zokhudza thupi la thupi poyesa kuti abwezeretse limba anakhudzidwa. kutsegula ake ndi zovuta njira ya zimene zimachitika pakati pa maselo m'mnyewa wamtima, minofu connective ndi maselo a chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Cardiosclerosis mu ndondomeko atherosclerotic zambiri pathological ndi kuthamangira pang'ono mosiyana sclerosis m'mnyewa wamtima. zovuta zachokera kudzikundikira anachita ndi kumwa mamolekyulu mafuta.

Iwo amatchedwa matenda, ndi gulu lonse la matenda. Ngati pali atherosclerotic cardio - ICD malamulo omwe amayikidwa mu matenda - I24. Mwa njira. matenda ichi poyera kuti zonse, popanda yekha, odwala wamkulu kuposa zaka 55. khalidwe la iye ndi chiyani?

Atherosclerosis monga maziko matenda mtima

Kodi osauka atherosclerotic cardio? Zimayambitsa matenda - matenda kagayidwe kachakudya kugwirizana kwenikweni ndi kagayidwe wa mafuta.

Izo zonse akuyamba ndi vutoli wa lipoproteins mu thupi. The yofunika ankaimba ndi otsika kachulukidwe lipoproteins (anazindikira ngati atherogenic kwambiri - athe mapangidwe mipukutuyi atherosclerotic). Chinthu china mofanana kwambiri ndi imfa m'dera la endothelium mtima. Mwachibadwa, ndi endothelium ali ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimawalepheretsa yothetsa lipoproteins ndi magazi kuundana. Popeza zimakhudzidwira, zikhalidwe za kudzikundikira lipoproteins pa malo siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo. Motero, pa malo a chilema mtima akufotokozera atherosclerotic zolengeza. Pamene kukula ndi kuchepetsa mwapang'onopang'ono chotengera inatsekeratu, amene amalenga vuto mpweya. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, pafupifupi okwana kuchepetsa magazi lumen mabasi loyenda kuti myocardium, ndipo akufotokozera mtima wake kuukira.

kusintha Atherosclerotic a linga mtima

mawonekedwe CHD - atherosclerotic cardio - ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima. Chifukwa cha kuyan'anila za kotunga m'mnyewa wamtima mpweya ndi chitukuko cha inatsekeratu sclerosis ndondomeko zimapita kwa minofu mtima. Chifukwa cha ichi, kumakhaladi n'komwe likuthandiza makulidwe lonse la thupi. Matenda a Cardiosclerosis atherosclerotic unathandiza ankachitika anthu onse achikulire kuposa zaka 55-60. Kwenikweni pamaso pa kuchuluka tochepa lipoprotein. An ochepa kwambiri a anthu akhoza kupewa chitukuko cha matenda, nchifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa mbali za matenda.

Akufotokozera pa nthawiyo. Kuphwanya ndi kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, nchifukwa chake matenda a zotupa atherosclerotic popanda kufufuza zogwirizana zosatheka. Kodi matenda ndi momwe iwo zimapezeka anthu osiyana?

matenda chipatala

zizindikiro zilizonse matenda musati zimapezeka bola ngati njira si myocardium lonse zimafunika, komanso ena akalowa za mtima. N'kofunika kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa wa lumen wa ziwiya inatsekeratu. chipatala sizimawoneka malinga ngati awiri a mitsempha ya mtima sadzakhala kuchepetsedwa ndi 70 peresenti ndi bbwino atherosclerotic cardio mtima.

mawonetseredwe koyamba kwa matenda ndi kufupika kwa mpweya, kupweteka mtima, auka nthawi magazi.

Kufupika kwa mpweya kumaonekera pang'onopang'ono. Poyamba, chitukuko ndi zina zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri, koma pa nthawi maonekedwe ake akhoza kukhala ndekha.

Koma ululu mtima, kupweteka mu chikhalidwe ndi zimakhala mu zimamuchulukira mtima. Sitingathe amati stenokardicheskie khalidwe (ululu contractive yochokera m'manja kapena kumbuyo). Ndi kupitirira ululu ndi okhazikika ndi bwino kumva kulandira vasodilators.

Ngati ndinu chotero mtima, ndipo adamsunga matenda ndi mankhwala mbiri tafotokozazi, atherosclerotic cardio - ichi kodi ndaganizira katswiri oyenerera

matenda a matenda

Kukwaniritsa chiweruziro ndi yankho ku funso la chimene chinachitika kwa munthu ndi chifukwa amapanga amadandaula zimenezi, m'pofunika kuchita kupenda wodwalayo. The matenda a "atherosclerotic cardio" angathe kuonedwa pamaso pa zizindikiro zonse ndi mfundo zoopsa. zigawo zina za yotsirizira ndi mbali yaikulu pa citukuko, odwala ndi zaka 55 kapena kuposa, jenda wamwamuna, moyo wongokhala zakudya m'thupi.

Kulongosolerana matenda ayenera kuchitidwa ngakhale kafukufuku kwambiri. Pakati pawo kubwera choyamba amuzolengedwa kusanthula mafuta magazi, electrocardiogram ndi inatsekeratu angiography.

Kusintha ECG ndi khalidwe la atherosclerosis a mtima - kuchepa mu voteji wa mano (kuchepetsa kukula zawo) ndi zachilendo kwambiri m'lifupi ndi chikhalidwe cha mano.

Inatsekeratu angiography limasonyeza kuchepetsa wa ziwiya inatsekeratu ndipo amasonyeza kusowa mpweya myocardium lapansi.

chithandizo

Popeza n'zosatheka wa pathogenesis matenda, muyenera kumvetsa kuti mankhwala ayenera kukhala wopambana. The bwino zikunena sanali mankhwala, komanso mankhwala zikunena opaleshoni kulola Mokhumbira ndithu mankhwalawa matenda a mitima.

Choyamba, ayenera kulimbikitsa moyo wathanzi. Monga amadziwika, kuphwanya kwa zakudya zoyenerera ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi magazi zotengera za mtima. Komanso, ntchito woyenera amalola mtima bwino pokonzekera mavuto wotsatira pa ntchito.

Compliance ndi malamulo yosavuta (tizisamala zakudya ndi zinthu zolimbitsa thupi) n'zotheka kuti kuzengereza isanayambike matenda mtsempha wamagazi kwa nthawi yaitali. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala adzachotsa chifukwa cha matenda ndi kubwezeretsa kagayidwe yachibadwa.

Chinthu chachikulu kuti muyenera kulabadira ngati mukufuna kuchitira atherosclerotic cardio - pathogenesis matendawa. Timvere mayunitsi amafotokoza akhoza Mokhumbira ndithu mankhwalawa matenda.

mankhwala

Chithandizo cha mankhwala atherosclerotic Cardiosclerosis ayenera anayamba kokha pamene zomveka ndipo anatsimikizira pamaso pa kulephera mtima, ndi matenda mtima. Chifukwa chaichi, zikutanthauza magulu monga nthumwi antihypertensive, wothandizira kwa kulimbana mtima kulephera, statins, fibrates ndi metabolites.

mankhwala Antihypertensive zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zoletsa wa angiotensin akatembenuka enzyme ( "Enalapril", "captopril"), okodzetsa ( "Indap" "Furosemide"). Okodzetsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamaso pa kulephera mtima, mwa formulations amene amapatsidwa choyamba.

Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya ( "Mildronat", "Cardiomagnyl") kusintha ntchito za mtima. Iwo akhoza kusintha kusowa magazi minofu mtima, komanso amathandiza kuti Launch njira regenerative.

Komanso, pamene yofulumizitsa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuyan'anila izo amagwira bwino ntchito glycosides mtima ( "Digoxin", "Strofantin").

Ntchito statins ndi fibrates

Statins mankhwala zikuluzikulu mankhwalawa atherosclerosis. Akamanena za zochita zawo ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa lipoproteins atherogenic mu madzi a m'magazi, kutha kwawo ndi excretion, ndi mwazi machulukitsidwe antiatherogenic lipoproteins (HDL - mkulu osalimba mapuloteni). Kuwonjezeka maganizo awo, bwino katundu wotetezera pa endothelium mtima, ndi mtima wake, umene kumalepheretsa chitukuko cha mipukutuyi latsopano.

Fibrates ndi mavuto ofanana, koma ntchito pamodzi ndi statin ndi kutiletsa chifukwa chitukuko mavuto.

Kwa mankhwala mankhwala ntchito monga "Lovastatin," "Simvastatin", "Rosuvastatin." Wa fibrates ambiri anatengera "Clofibrate", "bezafibrate", "Gemfibrozil."

Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pa mankhwala ndi pansi pa polojekiti thanzi kuvomerezedwa, chifukwa si odwala onse mankhwala awa ali bwino analekerera.

chithandizo opaleshoni

Ndi kupanda mankhwala si mankhwala ndi kupereka ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni. ntchito sipekitiramu amachitika kudwala ichi, waung'ono, ndi iwo ankaganizira makamaka yowonjezera mwapang'ono inatsekeratu mtsempha wamagazi ndi kubwezeretsa magazi. Ambiri kulambalala opaleshoni, stenting ndi zibaluni angioplasty.

Kulambalala opaleshoni nthawi opaleshoni yotsegula mtima ndi mwachilungamo zovuta ndi zoopsa ntchito.

Stenting ndi oyamba kuti patsekeke dongosolo zitsulo chotengera, amene cholinga - makina patsogolo ziwiya mwapang'ono.

Zibaluni angioplasty ndi ofunda koyamba siteji stenting, koma nthawi zina zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha. Iwo anachita pansi pa ulamuliro X-ray. chotengeracho mlandu ndi zibaluni catheter. Pa kukwanilitsa constriction zibaluni ndi mpweya, motero flattening ndi zolengeza ndi kukukulirakulira chotengeracho.

physiotherapy

Mu zochizira matenda a mtima njira physiotherapeutic sindinapeza ntchito makamaka, koma chifukwa chomasuka odwala ndi ena pathological kuyimitsidwa ndondomeko, iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Electrophoresis kawirikawiri ntchito kwanuko ku dera la mtima ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri ntchito panopa mwachindunji mu mtima statins. Choncho n'zotheka kuti akonze ndende m'dera zinthu zimene adzachita mwachindunji ndi mtima ndi kufala kudzera m'magazi ndi ziwiya zonse.

Sikukukolana ndi odwala ndi spa chithandizo mu mapiri. Kumeneko kwambiri patsogolo zoyendera ntchito ya machulukitsidwe mwazi wa myocardium ndi ziwalo zina za magazi mpweya kulemera.

zolimbitsa thupi achire angathandize matenda a kuthamanga magazi, mwina kuchepetsa ndalama za thupi, mafuta ndi chakudya kutsogolera nokha ndi thupi lako mu kamvekedwe.

Atherosclerotic cardio - zosokonezeka

Mofanana ndi matenda onse, inatsekeratu matenda a mtima ali zakambidwa zake zoipa kapena mavuto.

Choyamba, kuphwanya mtima chifukwa cha zotupa atherosclerosis bwanji moyo wodwalayo. Angathe kufupika kwambiri chifukwa cha mpweya mu ntchito ya ntchito iliyonse.

Kawirikawiri osauka atherosclerotic cardio, zosokonezeka angagwe ngati waphwanya kugunda kwa mtima ndi mungoli kusokonezeka maonekedwe. Kawirikawiri pali yamitsempha yamagazi fibrillation ndi blockades chitukuko matenda, odwala nkusani syndrome. Nthawi zina, pali asystole, ndi imfa ya nthumbi mtima.

Ngati munthu ali ndi cardio atherosclerotic, zosokonezeka zambiri kukhala ndi kunja mtima. N'zotheka kuphwanya tilinazo pa malekezero, makamaka manja ndi mapazi, ozizira deta m'madera a thupi, manja chitukuko. Iwo angathenso kuvutika ubongo ndi mitsempha, maso ndi machitidwe ena limba.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, matenda mtima kufalikira thupi lonse. Pankhaniyi, palibe chithandizo chapadera bwino ndipo amachita mwangwiro symptomatic. Pamene ndondomeko akuthamanga ndi zotsatira chabe zomwe angalandire munthu wonyamula ndi cardio atherosclerotic - imfa.

Kupewa atherosclerosis

Amadziwika kuti matenda alionse N'chapafupi kupewa kuposa kuchiza. matenda mtima komanso ali oyenera ameneŵa. N'chifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa zokhudza zochitika zazikulu ndi njira kupewa atherosclerotic cardio. Zovuta mu nkhani iyi, ngati inu kuchita chirichonse molondola, sizikhozatu, kusonyeza.

Choyamba, tiyenera kulabadira akafuna tsiku ndi zakudya. Musamadzadye pambuyo asanu madzulo, ndipo ngati inu muli mumamva mwamtheradi, ndi bwino kumwa chikho cha mkaka wopanda mafuta kapena yogurt.

Onetsetsani kuti nthawi ndi maphunziro thupi. Maphunziro a mtima sadzamva zosafunika. Pakuti mwangwiro wosakanikirana kuyenda ndawala, kusambira.

Kodi kuchita ndi tizipima. Kawirikawiri pa iwo, ndi kuziulula ichi kapena vuto lomwe, choncho bwino kuyang'ana pa udindo thanzi lawo masiku angapo, kuposa kuchiza nokha kwa moyo wanu wonse.

Pamaso pa zizindikiro ndi bwino nthawi yomweyo dokotala kudziwa ndondomeko ya ntchito yotsatira.