Bakha shelduck Species kufotokoza ndi chithunzi

Shelduck bakha ndi m'modzi wa ophunzira kwambiri zokongola banja la abakha chifukwa cha khalidwe zosiyana zikuuluka mtundu. mbalame ali zina wapadera khalidwe atsekwe ndi swans. Poyamba iye anali "atenga" khalidwe pantsi mu shelduck mpweya - bakha, lomwe liri lofewa, kusala kudya, ndi zambiri chimachititsanso pa mtunda ndi mlengalenga likhalebe molunjika, zouluka pang'onopang'ono ndipo kawirikawiri imakupiza mapiko ake ngati atsekwe. Ndi swans monga Chili monogamy kukwatiwa: amuna ndi akazi kulenga mapangano amphamvu moyo.

Kufotokozera bakha shelduck

Izi ndi mwachilungamo lalikulu madzi mbalame ndi chosiyana nthenga yowala. Kutalika kwa akazi kufika 58 cm, amuna - masentimita 65, ndi ukulu wa mapiko awo osiyanasiyana monga masentimita 110 130 kwa achibale awo mitundu losiyana elongated khosi ndi miyendo mkulu .. Kulemera ndi 0,9-1,65 makilogalamu akazi, amuna - 0.6-1.3 makilogalamu.

Monga mmene taonera mu chithunzi, bakha shelduck bakha isiyana variegated ena, kuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yowala. Total woyera maziko nthenga bwino zosiyana ndi wakuda yowala ndi wobiriwira kulocha mtundu wa mutu, pakhosi, malekezero a mapiko ndi pakati pa pamimba ndi kumbuyo. Kwabasi maonekedwe a mbalame zimenezi pabuka-mgoza lamba wa pamimba kuphimba pachifuwa, masamba phewa ndi kumbuyo, komanso ginger wodula bwino podhvoste, miyendo pinki ndi wofiira mulomo.

Mbali khalidwe la amuna chowala galasi wobiriwira pa mapiko pineal outgrowth ya mtundu umodzi ngati mlomo wa kukometsera ndi mandible chapamwamba. Akazi, nthenga pa maso mwayera.

malo

The Red Book bakha shelduck adalowa kwa nthawi yaitali, kuyambira anthu ake akhala likunena zimachepa. Malinga zinthu zachilengedwe, mbalame anawagawa subgroups awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo okhala mchere ndi brackish madzi madera ouma a ku Central Asia, wachiwiri - kumbali ya nyanja ya ku Ulaya. Mu Russia mtundu angapezeke mu steppe ndi nkhalango-steppe woyendera nthambi ya kum'mwera, komanso pa zilumba za White Sea.

Pa malo kukaikira mazira a mbalame kufika mu kasupe oyambirira. Chipangizo kwa jacks tsogolo amasankhidwa kwa madzi brackish kapena madzi mchere oyenerera pafupi ndi mwala talus kapena milu ya mchenga.

kubalana

Unamwali mwa mwamuna abakha peganok amabwera mu zaka 4-5 zakubadwa, koma luso la akazi kuikira mazira amabwera mu kawiri patsogolo. Mating nyengo ya mbalame ikuyamba pa kufika pa malo kukaikira mazira, ndi mbadwa imapezeka mu chirimwe. Lingathe "mkwatibwi" ukhoza kukhala "chisamaliro" 9 "suitors". Pa zokometsera, amuna zimatulutsa mkulu phokoso squeaky, Kireni makosi awo, ndi mutu n'kunena mitu yawo itaweramitsidwa. Ukwati kuvina taphunzira ndi ndewu pakati pa mpikisano. wamkazi A afika amphamvu komanso pankhondo wamwamuna amene anapambana pa mpikisano otsala khama.

Ndimapanga awiri mbalame kupita kukafuna malo kukaikira mazira, sipangakhalenso ili mtunda okwanira kuchokera gombe. Monga zisa shelduck Kawirikawiri ntchito mitengo yakale dzenje kapena mabowo ufulu wa nyama zosiyanasiyana: yoongoka, marmots, nkhandwe, Korsakov, koma okha kukumba mokhala wokongola kwambiri mobisa. Nthawi zina mabanja akonzekeretse chisa yotseguka zomera Kasungu.

The mizere wamkazi pansi pa dzenje pansi, udzu wouma, ndipo kenako kutchera mazira. The zowalamulira pafupifupi tichipeza mazira 8-12, koma nthawi zina chiwerengero chawo angafikire ku zidutswa 18. Nthawi wosiyana chisa, bakha mazira pansi chimakwirira. Pa masiku awiri otsiriza pamaso anapiye nkhuku ku nyumba samabwera kunja. makulitsidwe nthawi kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 30, ndipo panthawi drakes moyo pafupi chisa, kulondera wake "mkazi" ndipo ana mtsogolo kwa adani.

chitukuko cha anapiye

Anapiye ake timabadwa nthenga "malaya" ndi kale kwathunthu otukuka. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo kunja chisa ndi kuthamanga bwino. Pankhaniyi, ngati nyumba amayikidwa mkulu, anapiye mopanda mantha kudumpha pansi. Pakuti kudyetsa makolo azitsogolera ana awo tsidya dziwe. ana ambiri amayenda ndi mtunda chidwi ku chisa ndi gombe.

Pa ulendo dziwe bakha ali patsogolo pa anapiye ndi Drake - mbali kapena kumbuyo kwa ndime ya kuteteza banja lake.

Nthawi zina, pa gombe la ana a awiriawiri angapo amaphatikiza nkhosa, kupanga mtundu wa "kindergartens", kutetezedwa ndi makolo awo, abambo, pakati limene nthawi zimatha kuyambitsa mikangano chifukwa cha khama lawo ntchito ya zokometsera. Nthawi zina, wopambana wa amatulutsa ndi malo angapo kudyetsa anagonjetsa amuna kulumikizana kufungatira awo a anapiye.

milungu sikisi miyoyo wamng'ono pafupi ndi chisa amatetezedwa ndi makolo awo, ngakhale Drake amasiya ntchito ya makolo ake pamaso bakha lapansi. Pa masabata 7-8 atabadwa anapiye ake ndi kusiya nyumba ndi kuyamba moyo paokha.

zakudya peganok

Kayendedwe ka moyo ndi "menyu" bakha shelduck chifukwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. mbalame amasambira bwino, akugwira thunthu mkulu mu madzi. Koma pamadzi, ndiye njira imeneyi kwa zakudya mtundu uwu wa bakha si zamatsenga.

peganok zakudya Amakhala makamaka wa nsomba. Pa osefukira bakha mpumulo pa gombe kapena madzi, ndipo pambuyo mafunde kupita ku madzi osaya, kufuna nkhanu ndi molluscs. Komanso, mbalame kudya algae,, nyongolotsi, mazira ndi mwachangu nsomba, tizilombo m'madzi ndi nyama zina.

Kuwonjezera moyo m'madzi, shelduck ndi kudya zosiyanasiyana tizilombo okhala pa dziko, ndi mphukira vegetative, ndipo mbewu za ena zomera. Madzi oyera "ndondomeko" nkhuku sindimakonda izo, kotero iwo pafupifupi musati chisa pafupi magwero madzi oyera.

Mwachitsanzo, kumpoto Atlantic gombe la zakudya peganok 90% tichipeza nkhono yaing'ono intertidal Hydrobia ulvae, pa gombe la Azov ndi Black Nyanja ndi madzi Asian, abakha izi kudya nkhanu ndi mphutsi udzudzu Artemia-tolkuntsov.

Kusintha kwa zikuuluka

molting njira peganok wamwamuna akuyamba mofulumira kuposa akazi. Monga tanena ndi drakes kusiya ana awo patsogolo awo "mkazi", chifukwa iwo ndi nthawi ya kusintha kwa nthenga, imene sangathe kuwuluka. Amuna kusonkhana nkhosa yaikulu mu madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pambuyo nthandala achinyamata pa phiko molt kumayambira akazi omwe nthawi yomweyo Ufumuyo kwa anthu wamwamuna.

Pamene ndondomeko akumaliza kuloza nthenga, wamkulu mbalame akadali ndi moyo mu mapaketi, amene kudzadza wamng'ono. Atsamunda moyo shelduck patsogolo posiyana ndi a.

adani shelduck

Kuthengo, mbalame awa ali adani a nkhandwe, mink, mimbulu, amphaka zakutchire, otters, hawks, harriers ndi kites. ogwirira Awa n'koopsa kwa achinyamata komanso mbalame wamkulu. Koma mazira ndi anapiye achinyamata si mantha kudya ngakhale akhwangwala ndi gulls.

Phindu malonda shelduck

Kukhala zodabwitsa mbalame wokongola, shelduck ndimachita ankasakidwa, ngakhale a misa malingaliro masewera. Pakali pano, ichi kusaka mbalame ndi koletsedwa, chifukwa mitundu ina ndi pa zobvuta kutha. shelduck wamba akhoza kawetedwe mu ukapolo, choncho wakula ngati mbalame yokongola yokongola mayiwe paki.

M'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya mchitidwe wosonkhanitsa lint ku zisa bakha, chifukwa cha khalidwe lake si otsika eider nthenga. Koma mtengo zakudya za nyama ya shelduck zakutchire, chilimwe pafupifupi inedible chifukwa ali ndi fungo m'malo zosasangalatsa. Ndi isanayambike nyengo yozizira khalidwe akupeza bwino, koma amaona osayenera anthu mowa mu Europe.

Alimi, obereketsa mbalame mu ukapolo, ngati anapha nkhosayo chakudya, ndiye m'nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, pamaso pa kuphika bakha shelduck, izo zimayamba kung'ambidwa ndikutsukidwa ndi kusiyidwa mu ozizira masiku angapo, nyama "kukhwima" ndiponso kuchepetsa fungo lake.

The kutentha mankhwala izi mtundu wa abakha anachita njira ntchito masewero ena, i.e. ndi Frying, otentha, Kukuwotcha kapena othetsa. Choncho, momwe kukonzekera bakha shelduck, aliyense kudzisankhira lokha, zochokera zokonda zawo kukoma. Koma, mosasamala Chinsinsi, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyama yake ndi "wochezeka" ndi ambiri zonunkhira, kupatulapo Black tsabola ndi mchere, kuyetsa zonunkhira osiyana Sikuti.