Brahman - izi ndi ... The Brahmins ku India

India ndi dziko ndi chikhalidwe chidwi kwambiri ndi wakale. Mu masiku anthu Indian mphamvu ya chikhalidwe kale ankaonabe. The stratum apamwamba a anthu mu India wachita kale ankaona Brahmins, kapena ngati iwo amatchedwa Brahmins. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Sudras - ndani? Kodi kulemera anthu ali ichi kapena icho Varna? Brahmins ndi ndani? Tiyankhe mafunso amenewa mwatsatanetsatane.

nthano Indian

Amwenye ndikuuzeni nthano imene imakamba za maonekedwe a varnas anayi (magulu). Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, anagawa anthu mu makalasi mulungu Brahma, dismembering Purusha protoplast. pakamwa Purusha chidasandulika Bramini manja ake - mu Kshatriyas, ntchafu - Vaishya ndi miyendo - Sudra. Kuyambira pamenepo, Amwenye amakana anagawa anthuwo ku mitundu, amene kwakukulukulu kudziwa za tsogolo la nzika iliyonse m'dziko lino.

Kudulidwa kwa mitundu akale zimakhudza awo pa anthu masiku ano

Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira, kapena magulu ena a anthu, akadali ndi amadza yaikulu anthu a India, ngakhale kuti mu 1950 lamulo pa gulu la anthu a iwo chinathetsedwa. Chiwonetsero cha malamulo akale alipo - ndipo noticeable pamene kukumana ndi anthu awiri amene ali Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira chomwecho. About kudziwerengera ndi gawo makamaka kwa anthu anati osati khalidwe la Amwenye, komanso mayina awo. Mwachitsanzo, dzina la Gandhi, ndithudi, ali m'thupi a mitundu malonda a Gujarat, ndi Bramini - ndi Gupta, Dikshit, Bhattacharya.

Kshatriyas - wankhondo kalasi

Kuwonjezera pa Brahmins, anthu Indian alipo magulu 3 - pali Kshatriyas, Vaishyas ndi Sudras. Kshatriyas - lachiwiri pa udindo wa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira pambuyo Brahmins, womwenso asilikali, zokometsera ya boma. Dzina la Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira izi chimatanthauza "mphamvu", choncho palibe zodabwitsa mu choona kuti a atsogoleri ake ambiri Indian. Kshatriyas akhoza kudzitama kokhala ufulu wapadera - iwo amati tiwonana kuti zosonyezera kutengeka, monga mkwiyo, chilakolako, etc., iwo chilango Tifafanizireni ... Chilamulo kwa iwo kuposa chilichonse. Komanso ku Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira izi asilikali kwambiri, akuluakulu, ndipo ngakhale kulamulira zigawo. Iwo kalekale Brahmins alangizi Kshatriya - mgwirizano uwu ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa, monga Brahmins ntchito inali ntchito maganizo ndi Kshatriya anafunika kuchita. Ahinduwo akulingalira mitundu ina, kupatula udindo.

Vaisyas - amisiri ndi amalonda

Vaisyas - iwo ali oimira wachitatu udindo Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira (monga buku lina, mawu amene anawamasulira kuti "yozungulira" pa zina - "anthu"). Amaona ochuluka kuposa, monga kuti iye ndi osema, amalonda, wobwereketsayo. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa amaona amalonda varna, chifukwa ngakhale Kale, Akhristu ambiri m'dziko lachilendo, kuyambira amaona Sudras - ndi varna chachinayi, otsika pa udindo (osati kuwerenga Untouchables - ndi Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wapadera Indians).

Sudras: antchito ndi atumiki

Sudra - awa ndi anthu amene ali pansi pa ulamuliro. Ngati varna apamwamba ankaona monga oimira Mulungu Brahmins, Sudras kutenga rung otsikitsitsa, ndipo ntchito yawo kutumikira varnas atatu apamwamba. Atangotuluka agawanika pa ukondewo (Brahmins akhoza kupanga chakudya kuchokera manja awo) ndi wodetsedwa. Akukhulupirira kuti Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira zachitika pasanafike ena, ndipo unali ndi anthu amene anataya malo awo komanso akapolo ndi anyantchoche. Masiku ano Sudras angatchedwe pafupifupi onse anthu a India. Komanso pali angawauze, chimenenso, sikuli kwa varna iliyonse. Pamafunikanso asodzi mahule opha nyama, asangalatsi msewu ndi amisiri akuyendayenda. Private Jada Untouchables zonse wapadera - kumafunikanso transvestites, mifule, etc. The Untouchables pafupifupi olekanitsidwa Amwenye za thupi mitundu ina - .. Iwo alibe ufulu osati kulankhula nawo, komanso kwene nguwo zawo. Iwo akuletsedwa nawo boma ndi kuyenda mu mabasi ndi magalimoto. Ndipo potsiriza, tiyeni tikambirane za Brahman, amene, mosiyana ndi Untouchables, ankaona Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wotchuka kwambiri mu India ndi kusangalala ndi mwayi wapadera.

Brahman - ndi woimira apamwamba Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ku India, ndi analogue a Mlangizi pa Zauzimu European. Anthu awa ali mamembala a Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira apamwamba. Kale, mu manja a Brahmins ali anaikira mphamvu zonse. Iwo anali ansembe, mafumu aphungu, ndizo mipukutu yakale, aphunzitsi ndi asayansi. Pakati Brahmins komanso anakumana Chimonko ndi oweruza. Poyamba, ntchito yawo ndi za maphunzilo a wana ndi kugawikana awo pa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira - mphunzitsi uyu kusanthula khalidwe la mwanayo. Masiku ano Varna ndi anasamutsidwa, kawirikawiri wobadwa nawo, kuti si bwino, chifukwa aliyense Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ali payekha makhalidwe, monga Mulungu anati mu chi Hindu. Mwachitsanzo, Brahmans ntchito - chilengedwe ichi ndi kumasulidwa. Classic Bramini amaona mavuto chidziko, ndi kumizidwa mu chinachake mozama ndipo weniweni. Kshatriyas amakhulupirira kuti chinthu chachikulu kwa iwo - ntchitoyo ntchito, chifukwa vaisyas - patsogolo kwa Sudras - zosangalatsa chithupithupi.

Ponena dikishonare

Mawu "Bramini" latembenuzidwa kuchokera wakale Indian chinenero cha Chisansikiriti amatanthauza "mzimu", kufanizira ndi chabe Wamphamvuyonse, amene ndi mlendo, ndipo alibe chidwi pa za m'dziko. Komanso, mawu ndi pemphero.

Malinga ndi kutanthauzira ndi mzake, Brahmans otchedwa mabuku opatulika akuimira ndemanga kuti otchedwa Vedas (otchedwa mndandanda wa malemba wamkulu mu Chisansikiriti).

Brahman - wafilosofi kalekale akulemekezedwa wansembe ngakhale kazembe. Iwo amagwirizana Amwenye ndi anthu apamwamba kwambiri kwa chipembedzo, chotero kwa Mulungu. Komabe, Chihindu si kuona bwino za nthawi chiwerengero cha Ahindu, malingana ndi kuwerengera, pali zosakwana Akristu ndi Asilamu. Panopa Komabe, Brahmins ambiri mu India mokwanira anayamba anthu, sichitha kuphunzira ndi kukula mwanzeru. Iwo amayesa kukhala odetsedwa, kusungitsa mwambo wakale. Koma kodi onse duwa ngati izo zikumveka kwenikweni? Tiyeni tione yosalala kusintha Brahmins yakale mpaka lero.

Brahman - ndani izi? History ndi Zamakono

Brahmins - ndi Amagi (mu Russian). Poyamba, Brahmans ankalambira kuposa olamulira, chifukwa adzatchedwa atsogoleri auzimu, Owongolera anthu pa njira ya chipembedzo. Mu nthawi zathu, pankhani, ngakhale kuti si anthu onse amene ali ndi udindo ofanana ndi moyo monga mwa malamulo. Ndipotu mwambo mu nthawi athu angathe kukhala aliyense ndi kukhala Bramini, komanso zofunika kutsatira malumbiro awa mukamaonerera.

Mu nthawi yathu, kuti Brahmanism mokulira, kubwera pang'ono, chifukwa anthu awa a uzimu osati chimake thupi la munthu.

Mu India ano, anthu ambiri a Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ichi ndi makalasi a anzeru ndi kalasi olamulira. Komabe, kufunika zambiri zimapangitsa Brahmins kuswa maziko wakale - kusankha ntchito monga antchito apakhomo kapena alonda wosalabadira. Ndiponso anaona wamba ndi Brahmins. A osiyana gulu (Jada) Bramini moyo kokha kupyolera alendo zachifundo.

Anthu anabadwa mu Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wa Brahmins, sangachite oletsa mthupi mwawo.

1. Brahman sitingakhoze kutenga chakudya kuchokera m'manja a mitundu ina, chifukwa iwo amaonedwa m'munsi kalasi. Mu nkhani iyi, Bramini yekha angathe kugawana ndi aliyense ndi chakudya.
2. Brahman simungathe kuchita ntchito yamanja, kuyambira ntchito yake yauzimu kapena aluntha.
3. Ukwati pakati pa Bramini ndi nthumwi ya Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wina ndi zosatheka. Komabe, Bramini ali ndi ufulu wosankha moyo mwamuna kuchokera kwa anthu ammudzi wina Bramini.
4. Ena Brahmins samadya nyama.

Alendo nthabwala kuti ambiri Indian mapulogalamu ndi Brahmins.

"Tinthu" brahman ndi atman. Izi mudzagwiritse payekha, zotengera malingaliridwe maganizo chiyambi. Atman ndi Brahman - ndi osiyana, koma limodzi. Amwenye amakhulupirira kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi chofunikira kwambiri, akhoza kutsegula njira chimwemwe. Ngakhale Bramini ndi woposa zosadziwika, zomwe zili pamwamba nzeru za anthu ndi kuzindikira, atman ndi zobisika munthu aliyense, aliyense kuwonetsera kwa kunja chimatsogoleredwa ndi izo.

Nzeru za Chihindu, ngakhale kuti India si kwambiri mbali yake, komabe amakhudza kwambiri pa dongosolo Mipikisano wosanjikiza gulu la mitundu. Ndipotu, ngakhale pamene Indian Mfumu Ashoka anakumbatira Chibuda ngati chipembedzo cha boma, dongosolo wofanana, kuonetsera kuti bata imathamangira mu ndondomeko ya kusintha kwambiri.

Nthanthi Hindu, pali zingapo chikhalidwe cha Mulungu

1. Mulungu brahman amaona ngati gulu chabe. Akafike, umodzi chikafika boma atangoona, imene tingati (mu Buddhism) Nirvana.
2. Paratigma ndi ubiquitous chiwonetsero cha Mulungu, chimene chiri mwa mbali iliyonse ya dziko zakuthupi.
3. Bhagavân - Supreme, amene kumaonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana - chitumbuwa, ndizina Krishna, etc ...

Komanso, mafunde osiyana a Chihindu kuzindikira chipembedzo m'njira zosiyanasiyana, choncho Mulungu mu chi Hindu si fano ngakhale limodzi.

Pomaliza

M'nkhani ino takambirana mfundo "Bramini" ndipo ankaona mitundu ina, amene kwa zaka analekanitsa anthu India.