Car positi Nyamulani.

A ziwiri mu zaka ndi gulu yotchuka kwambiri ya chimakweza mwa eni mosungira. Kutchuka kwa chimakweza izi ndi chifukwa ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana za ntchito yawo, omasuka wachibale unsembe ndi mitengo zotchipa.

mitundu yonse ya Nyamulani ziwiri positi zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri aakulu, malingana driveline ndi:

- electromechanical;

- zamagetsi.

Nthawi zonse, pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuyendetsa kufala kwa galimoto ku galimoto, nakweza galimoto utumiki.

The chimakweza electromechanical kukweza manja Nyamulani opangidwa ndi kuchotsa kayendedwe rotational kuti reciprocating zoyenda ndi kayendedwe rotational wa wachibale wononga kwa amodzi katundu opaleshoni mtedza.

The electrohydraulic zochotsa hoists opangidwa ndi kupanga kuthamanga hayidiroliki mu dongosolo pagalimoto.

chimakweza mitundu yonse onse akhoza kukhala galimoto imodzi kwa mizati onse. Pankhani ya injini limodzi pali kufunika pagalimoto kufala kuchokera ndime wina ndi mzake, ndi kuonetsetsa kalunzanitsidwe therebetween. Motors awiri - aliyense ndime yekha amafuna kalunzanitsidwe apaulendo.

Pankhani ya limodzi wamba galimoto kwa mizati ya awiri, galimoto ziwiri electromechanical ndi osiyana galimoto HIV pakati pa makoma (wononga) kulemba ndi kalunzanitsidwe za kayendedwe ka ngolo onse, kutukula galimoto. Kalunzanitsidwe zimatheka ndi imodzi galimoto zomangira onse ndi unyolo. Monga akhoza kutengera pa ndondomeko:

- pamwamba, pamwamba mizati ya (ichi amachepetsa pazipita zochotsa kutalika kwa galimoto);

- pansi, m'munsi Nyamulani (kumawonjezera okwana kutalika naezdnyh makwerero, amene amayendetsa galimoto);

- recessed pansi pansi (kwambiri complicates yomanga ndi unsembe wa chimakweza).

Mwatsoka, ngati yankho zimakhalanso phokoso pa ntchito ndipo amafuna polojekiti nthawi zonse katundu mafuta wononga.

Chachiwiri, ngakhale kamodzikamodzi ntchito njira za kufala Kuyendetsa kuchokera ku ndime wina ndi mzake ntchito galimoto imodzi yokha, kugwiritsa ntchito kufala ngodya, mmene m'munsi gawo lililonse wononga chikugwirizana kwa tinakwera kutsinde. Pankhaniyi, dziko lonse la galimoto ili pansi chimango pa zimene wokwera ndime ya.

The watsopano makamaka ntchito kupanga Motors awiri - aliyense mzati ndi magetsi kalunzanitsidwe wa ankasinthana - alibe mavuto ndi zida pagalimoto kuti ndime yachiwiri, ndi yabwino kwambiri mu ntchito, zimene alandiridwa mosungira lapansi.

Kumbali ya ubwino okhudzana chimakweza electromechanical yothetsera zothandiza chimakweza galimoto ndi zamagetsi. Kukwera Pankhaniyi akuyendera pogwiritsa ntchito mitu mphamvu awiri anakonza mu mizati kukhazikika.

The chimakweza a mtundu umenewu hayidiroliki abulusa kugwirizana pakati pa mizati (injini pa amodzi mwa malo mizati ya) ndi kalunzanitsidwe mitu mphamvu mizati awiri angathe kuchitidwa kaya pansi pa Nyamulani (mlingo pansi) kapena pamwamba (pa mizati kutalika kutsekedwa). Onse njira ndi ubwino wawo ndi kuipa.

Mu ntchito m'munsi m'munsi, yomwe ili mlingo pansi, amachepetsa kutalika okwana atamva. Palibe kugwirizana pakati pa kutalika kwa mizati limachititsa kukhalabe magalimoto apamwamba. The malire okha mu nkhani iyi ndi kutalika kwa malo garaja. Osati mu mtima umenewu njira kumaoneka ndi chakuti malo ntchito nthawi iliyonse muyenera thana ndi kusuntha naye.

Komanso, chimakweza ndi opangidwa lero ali otsika kwambiri m'munsi ndipo yochepa m'galimoto utumiki ndi otsika chilolezo limapezeka bvuto ndi mwansanga.

Hoists wa mtundu uwu, ngakhale yochepa kwambiri ndi otsika m'munsi pakati pa mizati, si abwino ntchito zokambirana kuwongola-kupenta. N'zovuta kulingalira kumenya galimoto chimango kuwongola ndi galimoto anaika pa izo kupyolera osachepera pakhomo osachepera. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pamwamba mu mawonekedwe a mizati pakati pa mtengo mwayi waukulu mwangwiro athyathyathya avundulidwe.

Kuchotsa kugwirizana kukweza mizati, ndi momwe akadakwanitsira chifukwa tikukonza ntchito positi analandira mu mmunsi. A sangathe a mtundu wa zomangamanga ayenera monga lalikulu garaja osachepera kutalika (za 1-15m kwa chimakweza m'munsi m'munsi) wa pa 4 ndi 4.5m.

Komanso mawu a malo pa msinkhu zonse (za 4 m) wa mtengo chapamwamba kulumikiza mizati, mkulu magalimoto kovuta. Mtengo chapamwamba malire lophimba kuti amateteza kwambiri Nyamulani galimoto kuwonongeka ake zotheka.

Danga awiri a electrohydraulic ndi zikepe electromechanical Nyamulani galimoto mitundu iwiri iwiri ya manja wokwera pa ngolo chokwawa padziko kalozera mizati choimirira. mapewa ndi kuliika kwa ngolo kotero kuti adzathe tsankho kasinthasintha ndege yopingasa ndi kuika galimoto pa malo amene iwo akhoza kuchotsedwa.

Rotatable mutu pa mikono Nyamulani ndi chosinthika m'litali mwa kutambasuka kwa phewa, lokhazikika kwa mutu ndi yocheperako phewa abutment mchitidwe (liftable galimoto).

Chifukwa ili ndi mamangidwe amene mapewa akhoza bwinobwino ndiponso mopitiriza kukweza magalimoto ndi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thupi ndipo anaikidwa pa mfundo zosiyanasiyana wopanga njira yonse.

Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa galimoto pamene kutukula mapewa okonzeka ndi miyendo adagadabula ndi mphira (NICs), omwe amagwira pa mfundo zokhudzana ndi Nyamulani thupi. Yoteroyo ndi kuwonjezera vuto mtendere wa galimoto kukwezedwa ndi kuwaphunzira Phokoso kutengerapo ku Nyamulani ntchito pa kukweza ndi mbadwa ya magalimoto.

Kapangidwe ka mphamvu ya manja ndi yofunika kuti magwiridwe ndi woyenerera wa zonse Nyamulani ziwiri positi mu garaja lapansi. Kamangidwe ka Ba- ali zimakhudzanso nthaka chilolezo osachepera umene mapewa mbewu ndi kukhazikika. Mu mapangidwe kwambiri, angakwanitse yoteroyo kutalika ndi 130-150 mm, ndi zina zambiri.

Nyamulani ziwiri positi akhoza kupangidwa mu Mabaibulo awiri:

- ofananira;

- asymmetric.

Symmetrical ali anayi ofanana Nyamulani dzanja ndi pakati yokoka galimoto wakwezedwa pakati zoongoka mu olamulira awo chosokonekera.

Mu chimakweza asymmetric mapewa a lililonse pachithandara (awiriawiri) ndi masiyanidwe kutalika strut akukumana cha kulowa ndi pakati yokoka ya galimoto kukwezedwa ankatembenukira.