Chief Rabbi la Russia Lazar Berl: yonena, banja. Buku "The Jewish Russian"

Mu 2010, malinga ndi kalembera, mu Russia anakhala pang'ono kuposa 156.000 Ayuda, kapena 0,16% ya chonse cha anthu. fuko lino, limene kwa zaka anazunzidwa, anakhala ndithu bwinobwino pa nthaka Russian, kupanga m'masunagoge, anatsegula sukulu Ayuda, maholide Ayuda. Kusintha zina za moyo wa Ayuda kumenyana Russia a Chief Rabbi, dzina - Berl Lazar. Ndi ndani iye? Kumene anachokera? Monga anakhoza kupeza chikhulupiriro komanso sikunachitekepo ubwenzi wolimba ndi akuluakulu ambiri okalamba?

Malo ndi udindo

Ena amakhulupirira Rabbi - ndi amene ali m'sunagoge, monga Orthodox azibusa. Ndipotu, rabbi onse sali ansembe. Mawu achiheberi angamasuliridwe monga "wamkulu", "mphunzitsi", choncho ndi udindo maphunziro (monga "pulofesa", "maphunziro") kwa amene anaphunzira Torah ndi Talmud. Komanso, m'mayiko ena, rabbi akhoza ntchito ndi akuluakulu boma. Kudziŵa subtleties amenewa amathandiza kuti akumvetseni bwino ndi ndani ndipo kodi Lazar Berl. Rabbi dipuloma analandira mu 1988, kumapeto kwa yeshiva ndi (apamwamba kakhazikitsidwe kachipembedzo) "Tomhei Tmimim", ku New York. Udindo zafotokozeredwa dipuloma yake - Dayan, izo mwachitsanzo woweruza. Pa mfundo imeneyi, Lazar Berl ankachita lamulo pakati pa Ayuda akudzipereka pa milandu ya chisudzulo, mikangano zachuma ndi malonda ena. Komanso akutithandiza zedi pa ntchito anthu monga membala wa Komiti Public la Chitaganya cha Russia, Kojima anayamba ndi lamulo yolembedwa ndi Pulezidenti Vladimir Putin mu 2005. Mwakhama amagwirizana Chief Rabbi la Russia, ndi mabungwe mayiko nawo World Congress wa Yudeya congresses Russian (tcheyamani), mutu wa anatumidwa, anapereka ulaliki, komanso panthawi yake yopuma analemba mabuku.

Chiyambi cha ulendo wa moyo

Mu 1964, tsiku lodabwitsa masika, May 19, mu banja la Milan rabbi, ndi nthumwi za Rebbe wa Chabad - wotchuka Mendel Schneerson, anabadwa mnyamata wina dzina lake Shlomo Dov October Lazar Pinhos ndi chidule Berel Lazar. yonena wake ali achimwemwe ndithu, palibe mawanga akuda a kupondereza ndi kuzunza. Little Berl ros ndi mkaka wa mayi ake akuwukha miyambo ya Ayuda ndi mfundo za Chabad. Lazar yekha akukumbukira, monga mwana, anali ndi mafano awiri - bambo ake anathandiza anthu ovutika, ndi Sherlock Holmes. Little Burl anakonda Conan Doyle ndi kudzakhala ofufuza. Mpaka zaka 15, anaphunzira pa Milan sukulu wamba Ayuda. Chapadera luso thupi anaima, anawonda kwambiri ndipo anali wofooka, koma ankakhoza bwino kusukulu. Nditakwanitsa zaka 15, anasamukira ku America, kumene kuphunzira pa Chiheberi College, ndipo anamaliza, iye anapita kukaphunzira ku yeshiva "Tomhei Tmimim". Pa zaka 23 Lazar Berl anali mwambo Kudzozedwa (kudzipereka), ndipo pa 24, analandira dipuloma ndi mutu wa Rabbi Dayan.

ukwati

Bwino sayansi ndi moyo wa Rabbi wamng'ono anali pachangu palibe kukwatira, nthawi zambiri anauza ophunzira anzawo yeshiva lapansi. Koma mayi ake kutifotokozera kuyembekezera adzukulu. Pamene Rabbi muchita ntchito Wachiyuda mu Russia, mayi anavomera kuti iye anapita kumeneko, koma pokhapokha ukwati. Berl chinayenera kumvera. Mkazi wake anali mbadwa ya America, Myuda ndi kubadwila mphunzitsi ndi ntchito Hannah Derain, umene panthawi imeneyo anali ndi zaka 20. Lazar Berl anakumana mkwatibwi wake si yekha, mothandizidwa ndi matchmaker a. banja Hana ankakhala Pittsburgh. bambo ake, Ezekieli Derain, kwambiri, Rabbi, anakweza aakazi (Hannah ali alongo 2) mu miyambo dziko ndi rigor anaphunzitsa kulemekeza ndi kutsatira malamulo a Chiyuda. Achinyamata adasonkhana ngati mpanda ku nyumba, ndipo pambuyo pa miyezi 2 m'banja. chaka iwo ankakhala mu America, kenako anasamukira ku Russia.

ana

Hannah Derain wadzikwaniritsa mkazi osangalala, nasunga kunena zimene mwamuna wabwino Lazar Berl. Banja iye - ichi ndi zochuluka chifukwa. Banjalo panthawi ana 13, iliyonse ili kwambiri kukondedwa. The choyamba cha mwana wawo Haya anafa ali ndi zaka 6 zakubadwa. Ngati uyu anali chinachitika, wolowa a Lazaro kukhala 14. Malinga ndi chilamulo cha Ayuda, payenera kukhala ana ambiri monga Mulungu wawapatsa. banja Izi bwino n'kulandira wake. Kusiyana ana apa chaka kapena ziwiri. Hana mafunso mmene iye amasamalira kupirira chotero "timu", amanena kuti nthawi zonse kuthandiza junior okalamba ndipo, ndithudi, mayi. Education zikuchitika pano pa maziko a malamulo a Chiyuda. Bakha ndikukhulupirira kuti palibe vuto amene adzakhala ana awo, malingana ngati iwo ankakhala moyo ndi chikhulupiriro chenicheni mu solo. The zopanda lachiwiri la maphunziro - kuuza ana choonadi, ngakhale kulibe vuto lililonse zopeka, kuti mwana anadya sakondedwa semolina. Ngakhale angapo ntchito zapakhomo, Hannah akapeza nthawi kutsogolera wapadera sukulu Chiyuda, ndi ana amaphunzira kumeneko kwa zaka 2.

The mwana wamkulu

Lazar Berl ndi Hannah ndi 8 atsikana ndi anyamata 5. The mwana wamkulu, Blum, anabadwa mu 1991, mu June, anakwatiwa Ayzeka Rozenfelda, atate wake ndi mphunzitsi ndi nthumwi Chabad kwambiri, kokha mu Colombia. Anakumana ndi achinyamata Hannah Lazare, amene, kukhala mkazi, nthawi zambiri banja Rosenfeld. Mkwati anafika ku Moscow kuti bwino mkwatibwi chilimwe Colombia otentha mu kuzizira Russian yozizira. Pambuyo misonkhano yambiri, achinyamata anaganiza kuti chinkhoswe, ndipo pambuyo pa miyezi inayi ndi theka, mu June 2011, unachitikira ukwati wawo. Iwo unapangidwa bungwe limodzi la m'mapaki waukulu kwambiri likulu. Kudzamuthokoza Blum ndi Isake, ndi kulipira ulemu kwa Chief Rabbi la Russia anadza kwa anthu oposa 1,500 ku America, Israel, Colombia, Russia, Ukraine ndi maiko ena kumene bungwe Chabad. Berl Lazar ananenetsa kuti zambiri 2 zapitazo, ankaona kuti ndimalota za lotseguka ukwati Ayuda, ndipo tsopano anali pafupi ndi mzinda wa Moscow, ndiye pali zambiri patsogolo kuwongolera moyo wa Ayuda mu Russia.

Kudziwana woyamba ndi likulu

Rabbi Berel Lazar woyamba adadza kwa Moscow monga wophunzira pa yeshiva lapansi. Izo zinachitika mu 1987, pambuyo Kudzozedwa wake, mu nthawi ya perestroika, pamene dziko wamphamvu kwenikweni analekanitsidwa. Berl yekha anati mu nthawi palibe amene anadziwa, kotero iye anali ndi ufulu kuyenda m'makwalala, kukwera yapansi, lomwe ndi kutikonda kwambiri. Tsopano kukwanitsa mphunzitsi wamkulu sangathe. Iye amasuntha kuzungulira mzindawo yekha ndi chitetezo. Ulendo woyamba Russia sanali kokha ulendo alendo. Young Chabad nthumwi kuno kukhazikitsa kulankhulana wa dera Russian Ayuda kwa dziko lakunja. Masiku amenewo, palibe chidwi ndi USSR kufa, zimene Chabad Lubavitch, zomwe mapulani ake odzitukumula, choncho ntchito inali bwino. Kodi kwambiri anakantha Berl? Omasukirana, kudzipereka ndi alendo anthu ndiye Soviet okonzeka kugawana atsopano.

Kupita ku Russia

Chidwi ndi ulendo wa boma Soviet Berel Lazar m'bapfunzisa Chirasha, kuwonjezera pa Chitaliyana, English, Chiyidishi, Chihebri, French, limene limanena wangwiro. Mu 1989 anapita ku kutsegula mu Moscow wa sukulu Ayuda, mu 1990 banja lake anasamukira ku Russia pa nyumba yaitali, ndipo pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo (kumayambiriro kwa 1991) anali mphunzitsi wa sunagoge, yomwe ili Marina Roshcha. Mavuto amene anachitika zaka zinali chifukwa chakuti Ayuda ambiri, mwamsanga pamene Soviet Union anakomoka ndi malire anatsegulidwa, nthawi tcheru unsembe anasamuka ku Israel ndi America. Koma m'kupita motsogozedwa Berl Lazar, anayamba kutsitsimutsa m'dera Ayuda. Moscow - ndi yokongola ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Ulaya, kumene zingapo anthu m'mayiko moyo. Ayuda 200 000. The gulu lalikulu kwambiri wa Moscow (MEOTS) imapezeka Marina Grove. Apa pali osati sunagoge, komanso sekondale sukulu ana, sorority, zibonga masewera, zisudzo, kumene iwo ankasewera ankachita masewera ndi magulu akatswiri malonda club "Solomon" imene cholinga chake - kulenga dziko Ayuda malonda.

Mlungu mphunzitsi wamkulu

Anthu Russian anali ndi akadali wochezeka kwambiri mitundu yonse, lonse-kutsegula zitseko ophunzira ochokera m'mayiko onse, ndi alendo, ndi othawa. The mtima womwewo ndi ife ndi Ayuda. Berl Lazar pa Russian zonse amalankhula mwaulemu (osachepera pagulu). Iye akusangalala kuti ana ake ali ndi abwenzi ndi ana Russian, ndi kuti chinenero chawo chachikulu - Russian. Mwatsoka, dziko lirilonse muli nzika mawu oipa kwa oimira ing'onoing'ono dziko. Milandu vandalism kuchitika mu Russia. Choncho, kumanda Ayuda unawonongedwa Malakhovka. Pa nthawiyi, Berl Lazar adafotokoza kuti lalikulu mphotho ndalama kwa anthu amene angakuthandizeni kupeza anthu udindo. Iye anapereka thandizo la ndalama ndipo panokha anapita kuchipatala ku Israel Tatiana Sapunova ovulala Moscow chifukwa iye anali kukonza mbale ndi odana ndi Ayuda zojambulajambula. Ndi vuto lonse, ndi Chief Rabbi wa poizoni tsiku ndi tsiku. Koma pali zambiri zabwino, monga kutsegula m'masunagoge yatsopano komanso malo Ayuda osati Moscow, koma mu Russia. Chifukwa chaichi, Berl Lazar amayendera mizinda osiyana (Perm, Barnaul, etc.), apo amapezeka ndi miyeso ndi akuluakulu ena.

Relations ndi Pulezidenti Russian

Kunja atolankhani adzaitana Berel Lazar yekha ngati "mphunzitsi Putin Mulungu." Ndipo ndithudi, izo zinali ndi thandizo la mutsogoleli wadziko, Bambo Lazar awiri stateless Israel ndi US, mu 2000, anawonjezera lachitatu - Russian. M'tsogolo, mogwirizana wa anthu awiriwa wakula mu ubwenzi chosasimbika. Malinga ndi Hannah Lazare, pamene mwamuna wake anali woti boma la Russia, ana ndithu kufunsa kuti muwachotse iwo ndi inu, kapena kunena moni kwa amalume awo kuchilemekeza Vova. Putin frequents dera Chiyuda, ndi pa maholide Ayuda. kukhulupirira ubwenzi wake ndi wapampando asamabisanso ndi Berel Lazar. "Ayuda Russian" - m'buku lake latsopano kuti mphunzitsi ameneyo anena kuti Putin wofunsira naye pa nkhani zambiri, ndipo Berl zimamuthandiza malangizo mawonekedwe a m'mafanizo. Ngakhale mwina womasulira chinachake akukokomeza. Komabe, inu simungathe kupita cholakwika ndi cholinga chofuna Affairs wathu Pulezidenti wa dera Russian Ayuda, chifukwa ngakhale kukhala wotanganidwa, iye anawapeza nthawi kukaona m'nyumbayi Ayuda, anayamba mogwirizana ndi Berl, kupita kwa Israeli kutsegula kwa chipilala Ayuda, patulani ola limodzi kapena awiri kwa anakambirana pambali ndi mphunzitsi wina.

maulemu

Lazar Berl kwambiri kwambiri kwa Russia, monga taonera mendulo, mphoto ndi satifiketi. Malamulo mphoto anasaina panokha ndi mutsogoleli Putin.

Awiri Magulu wa mphunzitsi Russian anali mu 2004. The choyamba - "The Order ya Minin ndi Pozharsky", wachiwiri - "Order ya Ubwenzi".

Chaka chotsatira, 2005, anapatsidwa ndi "Order wa Petra Velikogo", amene amapereka kwa kulimba mtima ndi kulimbika mu ntchito ya ntchito boma kapena usilikali ndipo ntchito kuti athandize kulimbitsa Russia ndi Mendulo "Zaka 60 adani Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World."

Mu 2006, Rabi Russian anaperekedwa Golden baji "Kuzindikilidwa Public" ndipo mu 2014th - dongosolo "Pakuti Inagwira".

Berl Lazar ndi Chabad

Dziko lonse amadziwa kuti tsopano ndi Chabad kuyenda. Anakhazikitsidwa mu m'ma 18 kukafalitsa ziphunzitso za Taurati ndi nzeru, kuzindikira ndi nzeru, zaposachedwapa chakhala reactionary, chimene, musabise mfundo imeneyi, kulankhula mu malankhulidwe anthu, mamembala ena a gulu la. Makamaka, iwo amati Ayuda - anthu apadera, osankhidwa, woyera ndi ena onse ayenera kusankhidwa. The Russian akutsogolera gulu Lazar Berl. Chabad mu nkhope yake si woyenera ndi zosasimbika ndi Fascism. Chief Rabbi amayimira coexistence mtendere wa amitundu, tizifunafuna kudzapeza bwino wa moyo wa Ayuda. Iye akufuna kugwira kalembera wina, monga anatsimikiza kuti wake Co-achipembedzo mu dziko ndi kunyumba kwa kwambiri kuposa kuwerenga monga kanjedza ndi boma.

kulolerana

mawu amenewa Chaanthu zikutanthauza kulolerana wa malingaliro ndi miyambo yosiyana. Mu 2012, zinthu zimene Berl Lazar mu Marina Grove linatsegulidwa Center kwa Kulekerera, kumene posachedwa anatuluka nthambi ya Russian Gosbiblioteki. Pali mukhoza kubwereka ntchito Schneerson, ndi Rebbe lotsiriza la Chabad. Buku Berel Lazar nayenso lapeza malo ake mu Center. Anandilola ntchito laibulale onse a ku Russia. Izi sangakhoze koma kondwerani.

Buku ili Russia yaikulu mphunzitsi

Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri mikangano ndi kukanidwa anthu Russian anachititsa buku lake wolemba Berl Lazar. "Ayuda Russia" - choncho amatchedwa. Ntchito imeneyi lidalembedwa m'Chihebri, koma mutha kupeza kumasulira Russian m'machaputala payekha. Ndi zinthu mmenemo, akhoza kudabwa. Kumene, n'zotheka kuti chinthu chonsecho anatembenuzidwa cholakwika. Mukhoza kupeza mwa kuwerenga choyambirira.