Chiphunzitso kasamalidwe

Management - ndi ntchito akatswiri umalimbana zolinga zake pogwiritsa ntchito mulingo woyenera wa anthu ogwira ntchito ndi chuma pa maziko a mfundo, njira ndi ntchito za limagwirira zachuma chiphunzitso kasamalidwe.

Kwenikweni, mawu n'chimodzimodzi ndi mawu akuti "kasamalidwe". Komabe, "kasamalidwe" Ndilo lingaliro kuchepera amangonena za kasamalidwe njira zosiyanasiyana ndi zachuma kudutsa ogwira ntchito kapena bungwe. Lingaliro Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• malonda ndi msika kulosera zinthu;
• kupanga katundu ndi ndalama kochepa ndi phindu pazipita azipereke awo;
• Kupenda mfundo ndi dongosolo kukwaniritsa cholinga ankafuna;
• kasamalidwe anthu gwero, womwenso mfundo zofunika za kuwerenga maganizo ndi Chaanthu.

The luso waukulu woyang'anira anabadwa ndi luso mavuto a. Mu kampani yaing'ono woyang'anira ntchito yoyenera kuchitidwa ndi mkulu yekha. Koma ngati olimba kufika sing'anga kuti chachikulu, iye abwera kuthandiza manenjala (bwana, kulinganiza zinthu, bwana). Ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti ndi kuyamika luso lawo woyang'anira zochimwazo kumathetsa mavuto ambiri kuposanso wotsogolera nyimbo.

Management chiphunzitso - sayansi ya njira ndi mfundo za kasamalidwe amenewa. Kumvetsa chilango katswiriyu ndi zothandiza kuganizira chitukuko mbiri. Evolution chiphunzitso kasamalidwe anayamba kuposa zaka zana zapitazo. Tingasiyanitsire sukulu 5 zofunika kasamalidwe anapanga ndinaganiza:

• The sukulu akunena za sayansi njira kasamalidwe (ndi 1885. A 1920).

• Chakale School (1920 - 1950 gg.).

• School, anaphunzira mmene ubale wa anthu (ndi 1930. A 1950).

• khalidwe School, imatchedwanso sukulu ya khalidwe Sciences (kuyambira 1950. Mpaka lero).

• Sukulu ya masamu ndi kachulukidwe njira (ndi 1950. Tsopano).

Pa maziko a sukulu kasamalidwe sayansi ofotokoza mfundo ndi maganizo Frederika Teylora. Chiphunzitsochi oyang'anira amasamalirira kwambiri kuti maphunziro a sayansi mtundu uliwonse wa ntchito, specialization ntchito ndi yoika masiyanidwe malipiro. Taylor ankaganiza kuti mwa ntchito kuonerera, muyeso, logic, akhoza kwambiri bwino machitidwe a ntchito yamanja. Ena odziwika oimira kukuchititsa zimenezi ndi Henry Gantt, mkazi Lillian ndi Frank Gilbreth.

Woyambitsa wa sukulu chakale anakhala Henri Fayol. nthumwi zake kwa nthawi yoyamba wosiyana kasamalidwe ka mankhwala, kusonyeza ngati ntchito achiwiri. Chiphunzitsochi kasamalidwe tikunena bwino ndi chitukuko cha mfundo za kasamalidwe ntchito za ndondomeko yonse. A. Fayolle anakamba 14 mfundo zoti wa kasamalidwe, ndi Weber anakonza maziko a malamulo njira kwa eni.

Chiphunzitso cha "ndi anthu" wakhala mwala wapakona chotsatira Management School - sukulu kuti gulu lake la funso ngati zenizeni "dongosolo anthu." Anayambitsa sukulu iyi (Elton Mayo, Abraham Maslow, Fritz Roethlisberger) ananena kuti zokolola ntchito zimakhudza zofuna anthu. Malinga ndi iwo, bwana ayenera kuyesetsa utsogoleri mwamwayi ndi kupambana "chisomo cha anthu."

Mosiyana Gululi wa sukulu wa anthu amene lolunjika pa zosowa za anthu payekha, akuluakulu a sukulu behaviourist (F. Herzberg, C. Argyris, D. McGregor, R. Laynkert) tione ndi kuphunzira khalidwe la anthu gulu, osankhidwa ndi osasankhidwa. M'masukulu awiriwa anayamba mfundo za zolinga anira.

Kasamalidwe sukulu masamu ndi yeniyeni zomveka zomwe zimachititsa kuti kutchulidwa zimagwiritsa chitsanzo masamu. Choncho, cholinga ndi njira zachuma ndi masamu, ntchito ziwerengero ndi kasamalidwe kompyuta ya gulu. Pakati anayambitsa sukulu iyi kwambiri kudziwika Smoi G., D. Woodward, J. March, Bambo Ackoff, H. Lowry, D. Thompson.

Ubale wa sukulu pamwamba kumabweretsa chilengedwe cha kasamalidwe kwambiri kothandiza. Aliyense chingwe malangizo kulamulira monga filaments, amene zapiringizana ndi mzake, kupanga mphamvu apamwamba. chiphunzitso kasamalidwe yamakono odzipereka ndipo akupitiriza kuzamitsa ndi kukhala kupambana kwambiri ndi maganizo a wina ndi sukulu.