Fenotayipi - chizindikiro cha thupi kapena makhalidwe zachilengedwe?

Anthu ena chidwi funso kodi fenotayipi. Ndipotu izi zikhoza kuganiziridwa poyamba awiri. Kulankhula chabe, ndi fenotayipi - ndi chizindikiro kunja thupi, amene anatsimikiza ndi ya kuwonekera kwa genotype lapansi. Popeza kuti takambilana tanthauzo mwatsatanetsatane, tikhoza kunena kuti izi ndi zina mwa zizindikiro, zimene zimakhudzidwa lamulo la majini ena.

Makhalidwe achilendo fenotayipi, akuwonetseredwa mu anthu a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Mapangidwe makhalidwe deta kumachitika mchikakamizo cha ena zinthu za chilengedwe ndi genotype anthu.

mamolekyulu ambiri ndi nyumba ya thupi la munthu, omwe ali m'gulu la fenotayipi yaitali ndipo ndiyotengera ndi chuma majini sangathe wapezeka mu mawonekedwe akunja kwa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, magazi sakhala kudziwa kunja. Choncho, makhalidwe onse a fenotayipi anatsimikiza ndi zida apadera, komanso zamankhwala, matenda ndi luso njira.

Fenotayipi - ndi khalidwe ndipo anachita zinthu zachilengedwe zimene anapeza pa nthawi, malingana ndi zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, m'madamu tinganene kuti Beaver fenotayipi. Kuyambira lalikulu zosiyanasiyana mbali ziwiri za makhalidwe fenotayipi akhoza kuwasiyanitsa - tilinazo ndi multidimensionality. Mbali yoyamba ndi amene "kulitenga kunja" mudziwe chibadwa poyankha zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Komanso, mbali iyi ndi amene fenotayipi la mlingo wa kudziwa zinthu. Khalidwe lomwe Mzimuyo chiwerengero chenicheni cha "kuchotsa 'mfundo ku mitundu jini kukumana zinthu ndipo limafotokoza mbali kuti ali tcheru makamaka fenotayipi ndi - ndi Mipikisano ooneka enieni. makhalidwe amenewa ali ndi udindo chuma. M'mawu ena, koposa multidimensional ndi tilinazo, ndi watanthauzo wa fenotayipi. Mwachitsanzo, fenotayipi anthu ndi kuposa kuti mabakiteriya iliyonse, kotero zambiri choyamba dimensionality chibadidwe ndi tilinazo.

Fenotayipi anthu zimadalira zinthu monga genotype ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa chilengedwe ndiponso mwachisawawa chamoyo chifukwa kusintha. Zikatero, ngati zotsatira za chinthu chimodzi imodzi pa khalidwe makamaka za zotsatira zambiri zinthu zina, motero, amachepetsa. Mwachitsanzo, diso mtundu amadalira genotype, ndi mapasa mwina kusiyana makhalidwe monga msinkhu ndi thupi, amene anatsimikiza ku zochita za zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Komanso mchikakamizo cha zinthu zina kukhala ndi matenda a chiwindi C (genotype 1).

Mu malo athu pali zosiyanasiyana zochitika, monga fenotayipi lapansi. Kusiyana kumeneku atha kutumikira ngati chofunika zamoyo wa zamoyo ndi kupulumuka achilengedwe. Monga chitsanzo, paini, amene osiyana amaoneka mosiyana: m'nkhalango, ali ang'ono ataliatali, ndi m'minda pa miyala - wodzaza kwambiri.