Chondromalacia wa bondo: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, matenda ndi mankhwala

Moyo wonse munthu aliyense ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa lidzatha kuchichita mosabvuta ndi bwinobwino kusuntha, koma, mwatsoka, achikulire, achinyamata nthawi zambiri ndi matenda osiyana nthambi imene ngakhale osavuta kuyenda amakhala ovuta. Mmodzi wa iwo - ndi chondromalacia bondo. Dzina zikuonekeratu kuti matenda amakhudza mawondo, ndiwo mfundo zikuluzikulu mu thupi la munthu. Ntchito yawo yaikulu - kuonetsetsa sayenda wa miyendo. Kusapeza mu bondo nthawi zonse stiffness ena kuyenda ndi mavuto ena ndi malo kumabweretsa chilema. Bondo imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mbali, ndipo aliyense amayamba mapindikidwe, zikubweretsa matenda munthu zenizeni. Nkhaniyi ili ndi mfundo za kuwonongedwa kwa chichereŵechereŵe padziko fupa yaing'ono, wotchedwa patella.

Kapangidwe ka bondo

Kulingalira bwino wotani matenda - chondromalacia bondo takumbukira mbali zigwirizana maondo athu. maziko awo ali mafupa awiri akuluakulu (chapamwamba ntchafu ndi kutsikira tibia) ndi wochepa fupa (patella otchedwa yotchuka patella). The patella dzanja ena flexion / kutambasuka kwa bondo. Iye ali nkhope awiri - lakunja kwambiri akhakula, ndipo amkati, zambiri flattened, yokutidwa ndi chichereŵechereŵe. The patella ali osasamba ozungulira mawonekedwe, mmene m'munsi kakutali (pamwamba) ndi mapeto (pansi). Kumbali zonse wazunguliridwa ndi Mitsemphayi yaing'ono mafupa, choncho akhoza pang'ono ankatembenukira mu madera osiyana.

Kuwonjezera pa mafupa bondo ndi Mitsemphayi, kapisozi, chimakwirira ndi kuteteza olowa lonse, meniscus ndi chichereŵechereŵe. The kapisozi ali 6 matumba, 3 amene ili patella wa - awiri kutsogolo ndi wina kumbuyo. Iwo kutulutsa zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito olowa synovial madzimadzi.

Kapangidwe ka chichereŵechereŵe ndi

Amatanthauza boma pamene ululu bondo umafika mwadzidzidzi, anthu akhala anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "tuck bondo". Mu mankhwala, chikhalidwe ichi akuti ndi matenda, ndi pang'ono kuchita ndi kusamuka kwa gawo lirilonse la olowa ndi amatchedwa chondromalacia bondo. Kumatanthauza kuwonongedwa kwa patella chichereŵechereŵe kuphimba mkati ake. The makulidwe a chichereŵechereŵe m'dera lino - munthu pazipita 10 mm. Ilinso ndi zotanuka, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, wandiweyani kapangidwe ndi yosalala pamwamba. Udindo wa chichereŵechereŵe - chisonyezo kuchepetsa mikangano mafupa ndi kuyamwa katundu mantha. Mu dongosolo zake, hyaline chichereŵechereŵe ndi zotanuka kwambiri, koma si monga cholimba monga fibrocartilage, ndilo maziko a menisci lapansi. Iwo wapangidwa ndi madzi (80%), organic (15%) ndi mchere salt (5%). Kudya madzimadzi ake olowa.

Chifukwa chiwonongeko cha chichereŵechereŵe

Chondromalacia mu bondo akhoza anapezeka pa msinkhu uliwonse. Zimayambitsa matenda ali motere:

- bondo choipa;

- mapindikidwe a malo;

- kobadwa nako ndipo anaphunziranso chifukwa cha matenda ena anomalies mu chitukuko cha zobwezeretsa;

- obwera ndi ukalamba kusintha, monga kuchepetsa mapangidwe synovial madzimadzi kotunga chichereŵechereŵe.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri matenda amapezeka wamng'ono, wodzala ndi mphamvu anthu amene amakhulupirira kwambiri mwamphamvu, chifukwa popereka maondo awo mopambanitsa katundu. gulu tichipeza makamaka mpikisanowo, makamaka nawo mpira, weightlifting, umodzi, chithunzi siketing'i. Koma si Akatswiri yekha kukhala chondromalacia bondo olowa chichereŵechereŵe. Sports okonda kufuna kukhalabe thupi lako mu mawonekedwe wangwiro, imatchedwanso bondo mavuto. Anthu izi mapazi awo katundu Pamlingo wamng'ono, koma chifukwa chakuti iwo akuchita popanda mphunzitsi, nthawi zambiri amachita zosiyanasiyana zokambirana molakwika, wopita ku microtraumas bondo.

Mwa zifukwa zina, kuchititsa chiwonongeko cha hyaline chichereŵechereŵe, ndi:

- ndi vutoli mu minofu kamvekedwe;

- kuvulala kwa zigawo femoral ndi tibial bondo olowa;

- zoopsa za patella ya;

- onenepa (anthu akunenepa kuyenda zonse kwambiri kutsegula ziwalo zawo m'munsi);

- Kuvala nsapato omangika kuti angalenge katundu zina pa bondo olowa;

- kobadwa nako kapena kugula chilema.

Gawo

Malinga momwe wapita chiwonongeko cha chichereŵechereŵe bondo chondromalacia lagawidwa milingo anayi:

- woyamba, imene mapindikidwe kuyamba chabe, zizindikiro Koma pang'ono ndi mankhwala mokwanira ogwira;

- wachiwiri, yodziwika ndi maonekedwe a microcracks mu chichereŵechereŵe, ndi kuchititsa chowawa zochitika mokwanira amaonekera;

- lachitatu, imene mng'alu chimakula, zina kufika fupa;

- lachinayi ambiri ananyalanyaza, amafuna zovuta ndi mankhwala okwera mtengo.

Taganizirani mlingo wa mwatsatanetsatane.

digiri yoyamba

Chondromalacia 1 digiri ya bondo amakhala ndi chakuti mu chichereŵechereŵe kuoneka mavuto yoyambirira - izo minofu amayamba pang'onopang'ono iodzafewa ndipo kukhala noticeable yaing'ono sabweretsa chisoni chisindikizo pa padziko olowa. Atamukakamiza, angathe kuyambitsa yekha wofatsa kusapeza, anthu ambiri akuvutika zoterozo osasamalidwa.

Kodi wina ndi khalidwe la isanayambike matenda? Izi ndi zizindikiro yoyamba ya crunch mu maondo kapena chinachake chokhala kudina, makamaka noticeable pamene munthu adzuka pa udindo wake kutchire kukakumba ndikafuna kudzithandiza, kukwera masitepe, akuchita zina Zochita Mwachitsanzo, anaŵerama mwendo kuti chidendene nakhudza matako, ndiyeno limakuwongola. Ayenera kukadziwitsa ndi soreness pambuyo yaitali atakhala ndi miyendo wopindidwa.

Ngati zizindikiro ngati yomweyo funsani dokotala, mankhwala akhoza okha mphamvu zopulumutsa mode, zakudya ndi madyedwe a zowonjezera zakudya - hondroprotektorov.

digiri yachiwiri

Chondromalacia madigiri 2 bondo akuyamba monga chotsatira cha digiri Popanda kuchitapo kanthu matenda 1 pokhalabe zolimba kayendedwe ka moyo ndi zinthu zolimbitsa thupi. Pa nthawi imeneyi chichereŵechereŵe ndi stratified mu ulusi ming'alu, kuwononga malo koma upambana 13 mm. Munthu amamva ululu kayendedwe lakuthwa (kuuka kwa mpando, chiyambi cha akuthamanga kapena kuyenda, kokoka omwe amafunika flexion ndi kutambasuka kwa miyendo). Mlingo wachiwiri ndi noticeable ndi zowoneka. Pamene anakantha bondo yatupa, n'zotheka reddening wa khungu. Chithandizo Pankhaniyi akhale ndiwofatsa komanso monga mankhwala thupi, kumwa mankhwala, kuchepetsa katundu. Pankhaniyi, cholinga chachikulu cha madokotala - mpumulo ululu, ndiyeno kukonzanso chichereŵechereŵe.

digiri lachitatu

Chondromalacia madigiri 3 bondo imatengedwa lolemera pafupifupi sizingasinthe chiwonongeko cha mtundu thupi la chichereŵechereŵe. Iye akupitiriza flake ulusi, kuya ndi chiwerengero cha ming'alu mu izo kumawonjezera, ndipo malo mapindikidwe kale zayamba pansipa 13 mm. Mbali imeneyi ya matenda angayambe m'njira pachimake ndi aakulu. Munthu amamva kupweteka kwambiri mu bondo, mosasamala kaya amachita lakuthwa kapena yosalala kayendedwe pang'onopang'ono. Mbali khalidwe monga:

- kutupa kwa khungu la wodwalayo olowa;

- kuletsa sayenda;

- zovuta kwambiri pamene akuchita anyonyomala.

Mu mawonekedwe aakulu munthu zochita zonse kuzimiririka kupweteka ululu pamene kuyenda, zoipa, mwachitsanzo, pamene kukwera masitepe. Nthawi zambiri magulu awa ali limodzi ndi crunch kapena kudina mdima zakuwala- kochepa chionetsedwe.

digiri lachitatu chithandizo yaitali mtengo, ndipo madokotala si nthawi zonse zimatsimikizira kuchira bwino za chichereŵechereŵe. Mpumulo ululu ndi kuchira oyambirira chichereŵechereŵe minofu nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa jekeseni mu bondo olowa opareshoni yekha ndi katswiri wodziwa - mafupa kapena kupwetekedwa mtima. Kuchotsa ndondomeko yotupa akhoza perekani jekeseni mu mnofu ndi physiotherapy.

digiri chachinayi

Chondromalacia bondo olowa madigiri 4 kumachitika pamene wodwala safuna kuchitira maondo awo, kapena kuwachitira sikokwanira Mwachitsanzo, kusiya kokha ululu. Pa nthawi imeneyi zitawonongeka chichereŵechereŵe ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti akafike fupa. M'tsogolo, iye akuyamba kugwetsa, amene nthaŵi zambiri zimachititsa kuti olumala. Kunja 4 digiri anasonyeza bondo kutupa ndi redness, nthawi zina kopweteka musakhudze umenewo. Munthu ndi mapindikidwe zoterozo olowa zovuta kusuntha popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera (ndodo zoyendera). Nthawi zina chondromalacia grade 4 odwala amadandaula kuwonongeka ambiri.

diagnostics

Pamene zizindikiro pamwamba ayenera kuchizidwa podiatrist, kapena, ngati dokotala amenewa okhazikika kuchipatala osati kwa traumatologist kapena dokotala. Matendawa amayamba ndi mankhwala mbiri deta. dokotala wapeza ngati wodwalayo ali ndi choipa bondo, anati chikhalidwe cha ululu, zithunzi anayendera. Komanso, odwala anakumana X-ray (monga Pre-matenda), arthroscopy (a ndondomeko ya oyamba mu olowa M'mimbamo arthroscope ting'onoting'ono), Kujambula kapena CT jambulani.

Kodi kuchitira chondromalacia bondo olowa?

Mu matenda njira zimadalira mlingo wa chiwonongeko chichereŵechereŵe.

Monga tanena pa mlingo 1 akapatsidwa yekha ndiwofatsa chithandizo kuphatikizapo:

- mokakamizidwa atavala ziyangoyango bondo, bandeji kapena wapadera chikukonzekera bandeji ndipo posachedwapa kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kinezioteypy;

- kusintha mu mlingo wa zolimbitsa thupi mapazi awo;

- zolimbitsa mankhwala;

- kukonzekera kapena zowonjezera zakudya ndi chondroitin sulphate kapena glucosamine.

Pa madigiri 2 ndi 3 cha mankhwala oyamba ikuchitika Jaji zizindikiro yotupa. Kenako, dokotala angakupatseni resection olumala gawo chichereŵechereŵe. Akamaliza a njirayi, ndi M'mimbamo olowa rinsed ndi saline. Ngati resection sizingatheke kuchita, dokotala n'kukulemberani ndi implantation mng'alu a. The mfundo analili ndi wachotsedwa chichereŵechereŵe wathanzi wodwalayo minofu 100% anazolowera.

njira ina mankhwala - jekeseni mu bondo olowa asidi hyaluronic.

Bwino khalidwe la madzimadzi synovial, zimathandiza kuti abwezeretse minofu chichereŵechereŵe, kumachepetsa kutupa.

Pambuyo resection chofunika jakisoni kapena mankhwala regenerative imagwiridwa amawatumiza njira thupi mankhwala monga ntchito sera kapena ozokerite bondo, laser mankhwala maginito, electrophoresis. Komanso, wodwalayo amathera mowa njira ya mavitamini ndi chondroprotectors. Mwa mankhwala otchuka "Artron" ndi "Artron zovuta", "Teraflex" ndi "mwaukadauloZida Teraflex", "Struktum" "Chondroitin Akos".

Pa madigiri 4 zonsezi kungakhale kosakwanira, monga ambiri a kubwezeretsa chichereŵechereŵe bondo olowa minofu kale N'zokayikitsa kwambiri. Zikatero, kuchita ntchito zovuta mapulasitiki osteochondral, maselo kupatsidwa zina, tunneling, wopangidwa mwa breaching ndi kuchuluka kwa mabowo fupa subchondral. Chifukwa cha kuvulala izi thupi akulimbana ndipamene minofu connective, okhoza kutseka zopindika ndi chichereŵechereŵe.

Nsonga ochiritsa

Chondromalacia bondo olowa - matenda oopsa amene zizindikiro sitingakane. Maphikidwe ochiritsa kwa anthu sangathe kubwezeretsa chichereŵechereŵe minofu, koma kuthandiza kuthetsa ululu ndipo kwa nthawi ndithu kubweretsa chimwemwe kuyenda. Choncho, pamene bondo olowa kutupa aggravation ochiritsa amalangiza ntchito ayezi m'madera vuto. Cryotherapy Izi zingathandize kupewa edema. Kenako m'malo ozizira compresses Kumalimbikitsa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mowa akupanga kumunda buttercup, mgoza, cinquefoil, burdock muzu ndi devyasilom. Kukonzekera tinctures monga mfundo ambiri. Monga wothandiza zikutanthauza limodzi ndi chithandizo zikuluzikulu angathe kumwa teas mankhwala, mwachitsanzo chicory kiranberi tsamba. Kuthetsa ululu ndi kutupa ndipo kumathandiza Ufumuyo fuko la kabichi tsamba atsopano kapena nsalu chosazirala mu njira ya phula. Ochiritsa ena akulangizidwa pakani bondo ofunda mafuta unrefined masamba kapena pakani theka ndimu kneecap.

Kaya chifukwa cha ntchito njira yotchuka ya kuyendera dokotala kwa anthu amene wavulala maondo ake, zedi.

kupewa

Pofuna kupewa chondromalacia wa bondo, madotolo malangizo amenewa kwa othamanga ndi:

- osati kuyamba maphunziro, osati Pre-kutenthetsa ndipo sanali konzekera minofu;

- pamene akuchita maphunziro ena alionse mphamvu pa maondo anga nsalu wapadera - ziyangoyango bondo.

ayamikira General, oyenera anthu onse, motere:

- penyani kulemera;

- samavala nsapato wovuta, ndipo ndikofunika kuti akhale ndi zogwiriziza Chipilala;

- kupewa choipa kapena katundu wolemera pa mapazi awo.

Kuwonjezera chithandizo, n'kofunika kudya chondromalacia bondo. Ndi kupewa koloko, zakudya kusuta zakudya wochuluka, otentha agalu. M'pofunika kuchepetsa chakudya mu zakudya ndi mchere ndi kuonjezera kudya zipatso ndi timadziti kwa iwo, odzola, aspic, odzola pa Hagara zachilengedwe, mkaka, wofiira nsomba, mtedza, mphesa zouma zoumba pamodzi.

kaonedwe

The mwayi wa kuchira ukugwiradi ntchito bondo olowa mu chiwonongeko cha chichereŵechereŵe articular zimadalira zimene siteji ya mankhwala matenda ndi anayamba, komanso maluso kuchira a wodwalayo. maulosi molondola madokotala musataye, koma ankakayikira mfundo yakuti bondo chondromalacia 1 digiri akuchira kwathunthu phunziro kwa wodwala malangizo onse mafupa. Pamene matenda 2 ndi madigiri 3 pambuyo resection wa chichereŵechereŵe amafuna konzanso yaitali. Pa madigiri 4 articular chichereŵechereŵe kwathunthu pafupifupi obwezeretsedwa, koma wodwala anabwerera kuthekera kuyenda sabweretsa chisoni ndi magulu ena.