Diopter - ... ndi mbali yofunika ya diso thanzi

Kukula mofulumira luso digito, ndi chionetsero cha kupambana zimene zimawonedwa padziko lonse, chifukwa chakuti anthu onse ogwira ntchito ndi zinthu, limene lili pafupi kwambiri, tikhoza kunena, pafupifupi pansi pa mphuno yake. Koma pamaso kaja munthu zinali zochepa zokha buluu pamwamba pa mutu wake, ndi mzere kaja. Ikufotokoza za kudwala kwa ziwalo masomphenya, ntchito ya Mulungu imene ndi mode zachilendo kwa iwo. Ndipotu, kukhale kompyuta, piritsi, kapena ngakhale buku - maso lolunjika pa chinthu pafupi ndipo m'kupita azolowere ntchito ngati osiyanasiyana mtunda. Chifukwa, osati kamodzi angafunikire kudzudzulidwa ndi Optics, monga zambiri ntchito magalasi kukhudzana kapena magalasi felemu lija.

Mfundo pa Ntchito Optics

Ndi Chalk awa ndi kufunika mphamvu refractive, amene amathandiza kuganizira kuwala kwa mtsinje kuwala mfundo analakalaka fundus lapansi. Amatanthauza izi kukonza wagawo ndi kayesedwe mphamvu ndi diopters. phindu ili, thupi tanthauzo la zomwe ndi kuti popeza mphambano ya mandala otukukira kunja cheza onse dzuwa ntchito mu malo amodzi, malo amene anatsimikiza ndi kusamutsidwa refractive index sing'anga kutali yeniyeni.

Mfundo za kapangidwe ndi ntchito kwa maso translucent mayi

zimagwirira achilengedwe alipo view Matupi ambiri a anthu amene ankatha kupereka liniya kugwedera zachilengedwe galasi lokulitsira (mandala) wa nguli zithunzi. Kusintha mu kukula ndi mfundo yaing'ono (amangoona zosaposa 1/50 kapena 1/75 wa mita), koma chifukwa zimapatsa mphamvu zoyenera kumva kuwala kwa chithunzi. Ndithudi, malingana ndi khama ndi mphamvu akalozera wa refraction disolo si zoposa 60-71 diopters (mtengo uwu mwadzina, zopatuka amene kale amatchedwa matenda). Mfundo ntchito za thupi chamawonedwe kuti chifukwa cha kusintha mu mphamvu kuwala atolankhani diso refracting, kulingalira limapezeka pa diso ndi fundus. Ngati ray kamera idzafotokoza, zimene mukufuna, ndiye munthuyo sadzalandira fano bwino chifukwa danga zilipo si zokwanira kumanga izo. kupatuka iyi akutchedwa hyperopia ndipo opatsirana mudziwe zithunzi ndi ntchito kuzibweretsa diso kale kumbuyo malire. Zotsutsana mlandu - myopia, mu matenda, chilichonse chimachitika njira zina padziko, ndi mapangidwe chithunzichi ndi molawirira kwambiri chifukwa - ndi cholinga oyambirira ndi fano amaona kutali zinthu.

Kusankha njira kudzudzulidwa

Kuchepetsa katundu zithunzi, munthu ayenera kufunsa munthu wa maso. katswiri Izi kuchititsa maphunziro zofunika ndi kusanthula, ndi kuchita anayendera koyamba mwana wa m'diso la. matebulo Special adzakhala motere: zimene boma masomphenya diopter Motero angathe kukhala mu "kuphatikiza" ndi "opanda". Kuchokera pa magawo awa, katswiri kusankha njira analimbikitsa kupewa kapena osakaniza awo ndi mankhwala tima, zomwe idzafotokoza kupewa inasinthiratu mu diso. Nthawi yosavuta, zonse zikhoza kukhala chosiyana. The dokotala zochepa kudzudzulidwa, kutola ndalama lolingana mphamvu kuwala - diopter kwa magalasi. Izo wodwalayo? kusamala chingatithandize kusunga thanzi lake, ndipo paokha kulamulira kupitirira kwa matenda. Pambuyo diopter - ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha njira zowononga zimene bwino waona ndi kusungidwa cheke kuposa kupereka iwo ndi ufulu wonse.

Masomphenya opanda malire

Kamodzi ikuchitika chamankhwala ndi kupeza zofunikira mandala odwala anasiya kunyalanyaza matenda ndi kukhala ndi maso zonse. Komabe, ngati kuvutika diso yaing'ono (zosaposa ± 1 unit wa mphamvu kuwala), ngakhale zonsezi ukakhale msanga. Kuyambira mu Zikatero ziwalo masomphenya sati anati kutopa ndi diopter kwambiri - si limathetseratu vuto lina lililonse. Pambuyo kupulumutsa diso kamvekedwe ndi zofunika kuchita bwino, osati mwa njira kuwala.