Fulonda nyanja: kufotokoza, malo okhala, spawning ndi nsomba njira

M'nkhani ino tikufuna kulankhula za mbuyo pa. Ndi chiyani icho? Fulonda - flatfish m'madzi, amene wakhala wotchuka chifukwa yaitali chokoma ndi zothandiza kwambiri nyama zake zoyera.

Fulonda ndi subtypes ake

Tonga kukambirana nsomba chidwi, tisaiwale kuti yafala ndi amayi chifukwa cha kukoma kwake. Komabe, sikuti aliyense amadziwa: fulonda - m'madzi kapena madzi oyera nsomba? Nthawi zambiri, pankhani imeneyi pali mikangano.

Choncho, mu gulu limodzi pansi pa dzina lina ophatikizana mabanja khumi, kuphatikizapo za 570 mitundu. Kuyambira akonzedwa lonse la nsomba atatu okha ikukhudzana bwanji ndi madzi oyera, ndi onse, motero, kuti nyanja.

maonekedwe nsomba

Fulonda (nyanja) amasambira nayang'ana zabwinobwino, koma ndi maso ake ndi pakamwa zaka ankatembenukira ndi theka limodzi la thupi, amene nawonso, amakhala mosabisa kwambiri ndi asymmetrical. Ndithudi, izo zikusintha mafupa ndi ziwalo. Akuluakulu ali pansi pa mmunsi mwa thupi ndipo apo kuuka kwa undulating kusuntha.

Fulonda nyanja - nsomba zolusa, izo wakudya zamoyo benthic moyo.

malo

Fulonda ndi imodzi mwa nsomba kuti moyo pa nyanja. Nthawi zina zikhoza kupezeka pafupi pakamwa mitsinje. Monga ulamuliro, izo amayandama pa kuya ku khumi mamita mazana awiri, ndi ku Nyanja Black ndi malo Mediterranean malo okhala yake kukodzedwa kwa meters mazana anai. Komanso nsomba izi ndi pafupi Scandinavia, Europe, Norway ndi Africa North.

Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya moyo kusankha kuya osiyana, aliyense wa iwo ndinazolowera zikhalidwe zina, m'malo phunziroli yeniyeni.

Fulonda (nyanja) digs mumchenga mu njira n'zosadabwitsa kuti kwathunthu chotero wosawoneka, ndipo kokha maso kukhala padziko. Ndipo iwo amachita izo mofulumira kwambiri. Ndi undulations thupi iwo kukweza mchenga, ndiyeno kumira pansi, koma iwo zikukhazikitsa yl, kubisala iwo kuchokera pamwamba.

zizolowezi za nsomba

Ziribe kanthu chomwe fulonda - madzi kapena nyanja, anthu onse a m'banja osambira osauka kwambiri. Poona ngozi, nsomba ndi anatembenukira m'mphepete ndipo mofulumira kusambira mu udindo uwu. Kamodzi ngozi zadutsa, iwo kachiwiri kugwa pansi ndi burrow.

Malingana ndi kumene amakhala fulonda nyanja, ndi waluso mphezi kudya kusintha mtundu, kupeza mthunzi bwino. Mtundu wa nsomba zimatengera makamaka mtundu wa nyanja ndi zojambula zake. Kusintha, fulonda amakwaniritsa mtundu kukhala pafupifupi wosaoneka. Imeneyo ndiyo kusinthasintha otchedwa mimicry. Koma si onse a mtundu uwu ndi katundu uyu, koma iwo kuona yekha. Tisaiwale, nsomba sadzatha kuti kusintha mtundu ndi thupi.

Fulonda - nyanja nsomba, amene amakhala mu kukula kuchokera magalamu ochepa mpaka makilogalamu mazana atatu. Kulemera ndi kukula kwa izo zimatengera makamaka mtundu. Anthu ena kufika mamita anayi m'litali.

nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere

Ambiri a ife tamva nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere, koma aliyense amadziwa kuti flatfish izi. Kodi nsomba - mtsinje kapena nyanja, ndithudi zambiri osadziwika. Nthawiyi nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere - ndi flatfish waukulu umene ndimakhala ku Pacific ndi Atlantic nyanja. nsomba chinalembedwa, masekeli makilogalamu 363, ndiponso chofunika kwambiri, ndi sayansi. Choona chidwi ndi kuti mtundu uwu wa flatfish ndi moyo kwa zaka makumi asanu. Komanso, fulonda - Maritime wapatali nsomba chakudya.

Iwo spawns pa kuya kwambiri - kuchokera mamita mazana atatu ndi mazana asanu ndi awiri. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kusankha maenje nsomba kwambiri, zomwe zambiri ili m'mphepete. Nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere spawns makamaka kugombe la Norway, komanso mu Faroe Islands, Denmark Khwalala, kuchokera Iceland, Scotland, Greenland.

Kupha nsomba za malonda nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere

Nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere ndi wofunika kwa palatability wake wapamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, adani ake mosamalitsa ankalamulira. Ndipo zinthu izi amagwirizana kwenikweni ndi mbali ya moyo wa nsomba. Mfundo ndi kuti plaice musati kupanga nkhosa, iwo tiwolokere yekha. Komanso nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere limakula pang'onopang'ono, ndi nsomba chake chachikulu pogwidwa asodzi ukonde kawirikawiri.

Koma njira kusiya zimenezi anapezeka, chifukwa mungakweze nsomba zinthu yokumba. Kuti tichite zimenezi m'madamu kukula achinyamata. Akafika kulemera kwa magalamu zana, izo adasamutsidwa mbewu zikawonongeka kumene nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere limakula ndi chimafotokozera. Chofunika imatengedwa nsomba, amene anafika ambirimbiri makilogalamu awiri kapena asanu.

Black Sea nsomba ya taboti

Fulonda, tikukhala mu Nyanja Black, wotchedwa Kalkan ndi lofunika kwambiri ndi zokoma nsomba. Komanso ali ndi phindu malonda. Mwachitsanzo, mu Turkey kilo nsomba ya taboti si ndalama zokwana madola khumi ndi asanu. Pakati pa atumwi wotsiriza pafupi Crimea gombe anakhudzidwa chaka ndi matani awiri kwa atatu a nsomba. Koma posakhalitsa, izo nkhokwe utachepa kwambiri, zomwe zinachititsa kuti chiletso cha adani ake. Panopa, palibe lamulo limeneli, imbaenda kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Nsomba amakodwa ntchito Mipikisano kilometre network amene amafotokoza maulendo kusamuka kwa spawning nsomba ya taboti. Iyi ndi njira mwambo wa adani. Chotero chodabwitsa imatengedwa kuti ndi mlandu, ndipo posachedwapa kuthi m'malo zikuluzikulu adani a chikhalidwe zimene zingachititse kuti kuchepetsa zovuta chiwerengero cha nsomba ya taboti mu Nyanja Black.

Kalkan amakhala osati Black ndi Azov nyanja, komanso akubwera mu Mediterranean, komanso mkamwa mwa Dnieper ndi Dniester. mtundu wa fulonda wakonda mchenga ndi matope bottoms, ndipo si kugwa m'munsimu mamita zana. Kalkan, tikukhala mu Nyanja Azov amatchedwa Nyanja ya Azov. Iye ali, mfundo wosiyana, kwangochepetsako pang'ono chabe otsika kukula kwa Nyanja Black.

Popeza ili ndi nsomba zolusa mu zakudya zake tichipeza mollusks, nkhanu, nsomba yaing'ono. Juveniles zambiri amakonda nkhanu, pamene akulu amakonda kudya nsomba ndi nkhanu.

Mose fulonda

Monga Red kwawo kwa mitundu khumi fulonda. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pawo ndi chogwirira cha Mose. Ndi kukula ochepa, pafupi twente-faifi masentimita, amakhala pa akuya zosaposa khumi mamita. Izo wakudya invertebrates, chimachititsanso pang'ono kwambiri, nthawi mabodza m'manda mu mchenga.

madzi oyera fulonda

Akuvutika obtaet mu madzi oyera. Ndi wakutheker kugonjetsa mazana makilomita, akupita ku nyanja. Zimenezi imakhudzanso banja limodzi monga nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere, koma ali ndi zambiri modzichepetsa kukula ndi kulemera (magalamu mazana asanu).

Mu Nyanja Baltic akumana ndi zambiri fulonda, koma chifukwa adzaupereka kwa mitundu ikuluikulu m'madzi. Iwo ali phindu malonda. Amakhala fulonda pa akuya sikisitini - khumi mamita ankaona nthaka mchenga.

mtundu akuti ndi mlendo wokhala wamba ya Gulf of Finland, komwe kwathunthu n'zosadabwitsa. Mu chidwi nkhani n'chakuti nsomba amakonda kum'mwera kwa Gulf kumpoto. Limafotokoza zodabwitsazi ndi wosavuta. Pa mbali ya kum'mwera ya nyanja ya Baltic zimakhudzira Pamlingo waukulu kuno madzi amchere.

Pa spawning, nsomba kuikira mazira ambiri (mpaka miliyoni). ndondomeko izi zikuchitika m'chaka. Ndipo mu Gulf wa Finland, izo chimakhala cha May kuti June. Akazi kutchera mazira mwachindunji pa mchenga kapena pansi, ndi madzi mazira kuyamba kukhazikitsa.

nsomba ya taboti

Nsomba ya taboti - izi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya fulonda. Kunja ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi daimondi yaikulu ndipo ali wokulirapo kuposa maganizo mtsinje. Anthu ena kufika mita imodzi m'litali, ndi ambiri zambiri sizikula masentimita oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu. Nsomba ya taboti mbali ndi nsomba ali ndi thupi mkulu. Iye chilombo ndipo motero ali ndi pakamwa chachikulu.

zakudya zimapezekanso chickweed, m'nyanja zikuluzikulu ndipo, oddly mokwanira, fulonda, mu maphunzirowa ndi ngale ndi mphemvu nyanja. Amapha nsomba ya taboti komanso flatfish zina, limayenda pang'onopang'ono, kufunafuna akuvutika kuthekera, ndiye kumudikirira akubisala, kusintha mtundu. Akhala pa kuya ndithu (mpaka mamita zana).

nyama katundu akuvutika

Fulonda ndi gastronomic chidwi chachikulu mawu a nyama zake zokoma. Iwo kalekale adatikondera ambiri, chifukwa si kukoma, komanso katundu opindulitsa. mitundu yonse ya flatfish muli peresenti makumi awiri mapulotini kwa amino zidulo akonzedwa, pamene atatu okha peresenti mafuta. Komanso, ine nsomba zambiri mavitamini: A, PP, E, ndi ena. Nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere ndi gwero la Omega-3 mafuta zidulo.

Akukhulupirira kuti ntchito zonse za mtundu wa nsomba kumawonjezera Mwachangu ndi chitetezo chokwanira, kumachepetsa mafuta m'thupi, bwino chikhalidwe cha mano, tsitsi, khungu, bwino ntchito ya chithokomiro England ndi mtima. Zikomo katundu awa, fulonda akulimbikitsidwa kudya ana ndi anthu olumala.

nsomba malonda

Fulonda - nsomba chakudya, amene anagwira ntchito trawls pansi. The nsomba yapangidwa kugombe la Norway, mu Barents Nyanja ndi Far East. Mu Azov ndi Black nyanja kugwira nsomba koma ali khalidwe la poaching. Nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere (mitundu flatfish) sizachilendo mu Pacific ndi nyanja ya Atlantic, zheltopolosaya nsomba - mu nyanja ya Japan, ndipo Atlantic fulonda - mu Atlantic, pa gombe la Europe. Komanso, m'madera yemweyo mungapeze maganizo mtsinje. M'dera Azov-Black Sea chimakhala chogwidwa ndi zotsatirazi: yekha, nsomba ya taboti, glossan diamondi yosalala.

Mu kugulitsa nsomba abwera mkati atsopano mazira kapena chilled. Zimakhala zazikulu osiyanasiyana malingana ndi msinkhu wawo. Mulingo woyenera nsomba malonda amaonedwa kukhala anthu a zaka zapakati pa zaka zitatu mpaka sikisi.