Kulolerana - ndichiyani? Kupindula kapena zoyipa?

Kudalirana njira ya zaka otsiriza zana zinachititsa kuti kusamuka misa ndi zikamera wa magulu osiyanasiyana amene azikhala limodzi oimira osiyana, nthawi zina kwathunthu zovuta kuzimvetsa aliyense zikhalidwe zina. Zonsezi zimachititsa ali masiku ano kunadetsa kuyambitsa kukambirana mfundo ya "kulekerera". Kodi izo - zabwino kapena zoipa? Ndi lingaliro ili, monga ulamuliro, n'zolimbikitsa ndi kusankhana mitundu magulu andale mtundu, kunena kuti athamangitsidwe wa zinthu yachilendo dziko ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa anthu monocultural ndi monoethnic.

Kulolerana. zamoyo ndi chiyani?

Poyamba, mawu amenewa ntchito ndi akatswiri udindo zina zimatha zamoyo. Mawu Latin amatanthauza kulekerera kapena njira osokoneza chipiriro. Mokhudzana Mwachitsanzo, immunology, chikhalidwe ichi anasonyeza wa thupi limene ndi chifukwa ena sangathe kubereka chitetezo kuti antigens yeniyeni. Childs, kulephera oterewa ndi olakwika ndipo amatanthauza kulephera kukaniza thupi zinthu zakunja. Komabe, kulolerana ndi zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, pamene chitukuko yoopsa sayambitsa kukanidwa mu thupi la mayi. Zachilengedwe otchedwa kulolerana mphamvu za thupi azolowere ndi moyo osiyanasiyana kwambiri a zinthu. Komanso Mbali kwambiri.

Kulolerana. Ndi kwa anthu?

The mavuto pamwamba pa ntchito yomanga m'madera azikhalidwe wafunsira kumvetsa cha kulolera chikhalidwe monga mwapadera alekerera alendo. Komabe, kusiyana ndi mitundu inayo: mwachitsanzo, jenda, za ndale, maphunziro, Interclass, kulolerana kwa anthu olumala, ing'onoing'ono kugonana ndi zina Magulu ena a anthu. Komabe, mapangidwe kulolerana m'madera amenewa amapezeka kwambiri bwinobwino m'mayiko ambiri kumadzulo. Kodi Komabe, sitinganene za Russia, mayiko CIS makamaka dziko East.

Mitundu ndi mafuko kulolerana. Kodi izo - zabwino kapena zoipa?

Ichi ndi mtundu wa zokambirana wololera masiku ano anthu ambiri. Pa kulephera kwa malamulo a multiculturalism ali poyera anati Pulezidenti wakale French Nikolya Sarkozi, kumpoto kwa Belgium (Flanders) ochuluka ikupita patsogolo poyera mtundu mphamvu zandale, ndi zinthu mu zenizeni Russian kudziwa zambiri ndi owerenga.

Chinthu choyamba chimene ine ndikufuna kuona kuti ambiri a magulu kopitilira muyeso-bwino kwambiri mwadala kusokoneza maganizo Kulolerana, kupereka si monga kulolerana kuvomereza zinthu zatsopano, koma kumvera akhungu komanso mosanyinyirika za zinthu choimira zokhudzana ndi kusamuka. Lisanduke wachiwiri ndi kunyozedwa. Koma kwenikweni, kulolerana ndi mumtundu kapena zachikhalidwe zovomerezeka sizikutanthauza kulolerana cha zinthu zosayenera m'mafuko aang'ono (monga lezginka mu malo onse), akuwonetseredwa mwano awo kapena ndi wosayenera kuti malamulo a dziko lawo ndi malamulo chikhalidwe mawonetseredwe (monga kumayambiriro Sharia). chida china ndi kopitilira muyeso-yokumba cha chifano cha Ayuda ndiye gwero la mavuto onse. Komabe, woganiza tione ndondomeko mbiri kumasintha nthano imeneyi, yomwe cholinga chake kupatulako achinyamata ndi kwakukulu pa zifukwa zenizeni za mavuto pakati pa anthu. Monga njira kulimbana mumaganiza awa mtima maphunziro. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, mu Moscow chaka chapitacho, lotseguka Museum a Kulekerera.

Mkangano zofunika ndi mfundo kusankhana mitundu ndi maphunziro a akatswiri a masiku ano a ulamuliro mu kuphunzira zochitika za mtundu ndi dziko: Entoni Smita, Erika Hobsbauma, Benedict Anderson, Ernest Gellner ndi ena. Ngakhale ena kusiyana, iwo onse amavomereza kuti mtundu ndi kumanga chikhalidwe, ndi chifukwa chachikulu mavuto masiku ano padziko lonse ali osati zosiyana mitundu, ndi maganizo ndi chikhalidwe zotsutsana.

ing'onoing'ono National la Asilamu France, Germany, Russia MUKACHULUKIDWE siteji ya chitukuko chikhalidwe chofunika kwambiri kudziwa zimene amakankhira iwo zitsanzo ake ambiri ndi chitetezo zachiwawa. Ngakhale kumadzulo kwa Ulaya kale zaka mazana awiri kusiya kusewera ndi lingaliro la fuko ndi kupita mu gawo lina lotsatira chitukuko (yodziwika ndi kulanda mphamvu maboma national kuti mabungwe ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Timanena anthu amenewa ali ndi ogula anthu). Komanso, ambiri osamukira maso aakulu mavuto, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwawa. Choncho, vuto chagona pa anthu chatsekedwa la Nyumbayi (adakali mosalephera kudalirana), ndipo mu Anabweza cha zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo mu njira ya maphunziro quality, chuma ndi chitukuko chikhalidwe.