Kodi utawaleza? Kodi izo zinachokera kuti?

Rainbow - mmodzi wa zochitika chodabwitsa kwambiri zachilengedwe. Kodi utawaleza? Kodi izo zinachokera kuti? Nkhanizi chidwi anthu nthawi zonse. Ngakhale Aristotle anayesa kumasulira chinsinsi chake. Pali zikhulupiriro zambiri ndi nthano kugwirizana ndi iyo (yopita ku dziko lina, ulalo pakati pa kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi, chizindikiro cha kuchuluka, etc.). Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti munthu amene udzachitike pa utawaleza, kusintha jenda ake.

kukongola kwake Ndimagoma ndi kunyadira. Kuyang'ana zokongola "matsenga mlatho" Ndikufuna kukhulupirira mu zozizwitsa. Maonekedwe a utawaleza kumwamba amatithandiza kuti mkuntho mobwereza ndi nthawi kuti abwere poyera dzuwa.

Pamene uta? Iwo zingaoneke mvula kapena pambuyo shawa. Koma maonekedwe ake si mphenzi zokwanira ndi bingu. Zikuoneka ngati dzuwa akuswa mwa mitambo. Tiyenera zinthu zina kuonetsetsa kuti Tingaone. Muyenera kukhala pakati pa mvula (ayenera kukhala kutsogolo) ndi dzuwa (izo kumbuyo). maso anu, utawaleza ndi malo dzuwa ayenera kukhala pa mzere umodzi, kapena ichi mlatho zamatsenga simungathe kuona!

Ine ndikutsimikiza ambiri aona zimene zimachitika cheza cha kuwala koyera imagwera pa kuwira kapena m'mphepete mwa kalirole beveled. Iwo agawidwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana (zobiriwira, buluu, wofiira, wachikasu, wofiirira, etc.). nkhani yomwe amang'amba mtengo mu mitundu yake constituent, wotchedwa prism. Ndi chifanizo cha mzere zokongola - sipekitiramu.

Nanga utawaleza? Iwo ali yokhota kumapeto sipekitiramu gulu la mtundu popangidwa ndi gulu la mtengo kuwala podutsa mvula (chimene Pankhaniyi ndi prism).

The mitundu ya sipekitiramu dzuwa mu dongosolo yeniyeni. Pa dzanja limodzi - wofiira, kenako lalanje, wotsatira - chikasu, zobiriwira, buluu, enaake, violet. Rainbow ndi kuoneka bwino, pamene mvula m'malovu kugwa wogawana ndi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, ndi owala ndi. Choncho, raindrop ndi zimachitika nthawi yomweyo njira zitatu: refraction, kukambirana ndi kufalitsa kuwala.

Kodi kuona utawaleza? Akasupe a madzi, mathithi, akutsikira pa maziko, sprayable kuthirira makina , etc. malo kumwamba zimadalira malo dzuwa. Mukhoza amasirira mabwalo onse yowala ngati kukhala mkulu mu mlengalenga. The apamwamba dzuwa limatuluka pamwamba m'chizimezime, chindichepere mtundu semicircle.

Ulendo woyamba kufotokoza zimene utawaleza anapangidwa mu 1611 Antonio Dominisom. kufotokoza kusiyana ndi Baibulo, choncho kuti aphedwe. Mu 1637, Descartes anapereka kufotokoza sayansi zodabwitsazi zachokera refraction ndi chinyezimiro cha dzuwa. Pa nthawi imeneyo, ife sankadziwa za kukula kwa mtengo pa sipekitiramu, ndicho, kupezeka. Choncho, Descartes anali utawaleza woyera. Patatha zaka 30 "penti" Newton, complementing chiphunzitso mnzake kufotokoza refraction kunyezimira akuda mu madontho a mvula. Ngakhale kuti chiphunzitso zaka 300, moyenerera anakonza, ndi utawaleza, mbali yake yaikulu (dongosolo la maluwa, udindo wa arcs ndi, zoikamo ngodya).

Ndi zodabwitsa bwanji privychnyye kwa kuwala ndi madzi pamodzi kulenga latsopano kotheratu, sangaganize kukongola, mogometsa, anapereka kwa ife mwa chibadwa. Rainbow nthawi zonse funde la kutengeka ndi amakhalabe kukumbukira.