Galimoto ZIS-150: specifications, maonekedwe, zithunzi

The Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo wamwalira pansi, ndi dziko lalikulu anayamba kuchira. Pamene akusowa kwambiri magalimoto kuwala. Ndipo ngati wakhala analenga. Izi ZIS-150. Ngakhale mphamvu yaing'ono, iye anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu kubwezeretsa ndi ntchito.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Galimoto yoyamba anabwera pa mzere kupanga kumayambiriro 1948. Mu dziko lalikulu zikuluzikulu kubwezeretsa inaperekedwa, komanso kumanganso chuma lonse. Iwo ankafuna kuti mofulumira kuchokera 1946 mpaka 1950, zomwe zinachititsa kuti chilengedwe galimoto latsopano malonda.

Chifukwa ndi ZIS-150 - galimoto kwathunthu wamba chifukwa matani mpaka 4. Bukuli lili ndi akatswiri awanga kufanana ndi chitsanzo American wa International, limene linaperekedwa mu 1941. Pakali pano, ngakhale anapulumuka malonda ndi atolankhani zimatulutsa za galimoto imeneyi.

History amadziwa kukhala zina zakuti American, koma Soviet Union anamasulidwa 700 000 magalimoto a mtundu uwu. chiwerengerochi limaoneka popanda kutenga nkhani ya analogs zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zilipo ku Ulaya pansi chilolezo.

ZIS-150 anakumana kwathunthu zonse zimene timayembekezera a boma ndi mwangwiro anasonyeza yokha chuma cha dziko. Kusankidwa pa galimoto anali kwambiri.

Ngakhale nkhondo isanayambe

Wotchuka ZIS-5 inamangidwa nkhondo isanayambe. ZIS 15 zitsanzo woyamba unayamba kuonekera kwa 1938 kuti 1940. Ndiye panagona adayikapo luso Sinthani. Kotheka kuonjezera mphamvu, mphamvu, nsanja makulidwe, komanso chitonthozo. Koma zonse izi ziyenera padera mu m'badwo wotsatira.

The Madivelopa ndaika ntchito kuti akonze galimoto latsopano, ndi osachepera osati yomweyo, koma iwo kupirira ntchito imeneyi.

Linanena bungwe mu nkhani

Nkhondo itatha, panali kuchepekedwa kwa apamwamba aloyi zitsulo. Ndi galimoto woyamba anali opangidwa ndi shawa yosavuta zitsulo ndi matabwa. Komabe, pambuyo pa zaka 2 cubicle anasintha mawonekedwe ake ndipo anakhala mwathunthu zitsulo. zenera lakutsogolo The wapangidwa ndi amachepetsa awiri. Kumanzere galasi lomasula - kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi rocker limagwirira.

galimoto anali okonzeka ndi mphamvu unit wa malita 5.5 ndi mphamvu ya 90 "akavalo". Pakuti injini ichi, akatswiri anali bwino mphoto kwa State Prize. Ndiye, kuti amasule chomera ZIS-150 Director Likhachev anali kupereka mphoto.

maonekedwe

Poyamba zinachitika dzina lake ZIS-150. The kanyumba anali tapered grille. Kapangidwe ndi ofanana kwambiri "Opel-Blitz". Koma Soviet galimoto "Opel" palibe chibale anali. Monga ntchito kulenga mfundo zina za galimoto chisanadze nkhondo PT-7.

Patapita chaka chimodzi, tinaganiza kuti zashuga restyling. Apa ndipo ife tikhoza kuwona kufanana ndi magalimoto American ku Wokolola.

Apa mfundo ndi kuti ku Soviet Union mwanjira anatha kukambirana kugula US amayikanikiza kwa kupanga ena zigawo za makina. Kuwonjezera kanyumba, ndi "Hero wa Socialist Labor" ku America alibenso chilichonse. Chinthu chirichonse tinatengera kwa makolo ake - ZIS-15.

1945 ndi chidwi mu mbiri ya makina n'chakuti, iyi ndi chaka icho poyamba anamuonetsa omvera lonse. Zinali zinachitika, umene anasonyeza pa chionetsero mafakitale.

Kanyumba pambuyo restyling

The zashuga watsopano wakhala zitsulo kwathunthu. Ake denga ndi kumbuyo khoma insulated, gulu kutsogolo alinso kutchinjiriza matenthedwe.

Monga magalasi mu magalimoto choyamba mu fakitale ntchito triplex galasi amene ankasiyana wosanjikiza yokhuthala. Komabe, zochitika zasonyeza kuti anali chuma sankachidziwa ndi flake chifukwa cha nyengo ndi mpweya. N'chifukwa chake mu 1953 anayamba ntchito mtima galasi. Iwo amakhala ndi mphamvu yapamwamba ndipo sitidzasiya delaminate.

The zenera lakutsogolo wiper anali zokuzira. Iye anagwiritsa ntchito kwa mpweya wothinikizidwa. pagalimoto lake chikugwirizana ndi dongosolo ananyema. Kutembenukira pa, dalaivala ankafunikira atembenuza wapadera ulamuliro kogwirira kozungulira. Izi yosonkhezera maburashi awiri. Pamene inu atembenuza mutu angathe kusintha malangizo a burashi lapansi. limagwirira uyu nayenso anali ndi chokhethemulira wapadera kuti amalola kuthamanga maburashi ntchito pamanja ndi kuwatengera iwo ku malo mapeto.

Ndi galimoto ZIS-150 Mabaibulo oyamba awiri wiper. Inalinso owongolera awiri, amene akhoza m'gulu payokha.

Pakuti asamafalitse theka lachiwiri la galasi nawo mwayi kutsegula. Komanso, pamaso galasi iwo unali zimaswa wapadera. Denga, nawonso akhoza anatsegula. Kuti tichite zimenezi, akatswiri adzipangira cholembera wapadera kuphimba mpweya zimaswa.

lakutsogolo

Monga lakutsogolo ntchito limodzi mbale wamba, chomwe chili ndi zizindikiro angapo, chingwe osiyanasiyana ndi zipangizo kulamulira. Pakati mutha kuona speedometer ndi odometer.

Mpaka 1953 anachoka pa galasi lakutsogolo inali thermometer kusonyeza kutentha kwa coolant lapansi. Kumanja - mafuta mlingo chizindikiro. Chizindikiro chosonyeza mtengo waukulu anali pa sikelo ya speedometer lapansi.

nsanja

ZIS-150 inamangidwa pa nsanja matabwa ndi kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke. m'litali anali 3540 mamilimita ndipo m'lifupi anali 250 mm. Kutsegula kutalika anali 1320 mm. Board analinso 584 mm msinkhu.

Bolodi kutsogolo wakhala atathana mwa struts atatu, umene unachitikira ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya ziwiri zimene anaika pa chimango lapansi. Mbali makoma a galimoto anali chikhomedwere pa kumadalira. Kuthetsa kuthekera sag, ndi kutukula Alimbikitsa mipiringidzo mbali.

Anakhala m'mbali mwa galimotolo idaluma kumadalira atatu. Maloko anali Espagnolette mfundo. Zinali yabwino yolumikizana ndi katundu zitsulo mtanda anali ngowe wapadera.

Mu gawo lamanja la nsanja anali bokosi yakucemerwa kumene woyendetsa amatha kusunga zida katundu kapena zipangizo zina msewu.

The galimotoyo tichipeza awiri kotenga ndi zisanu matabwa yopingasa omwe ananamizira pamodzi ndi clamps. Komanso clamps kerchiefs unachitikira. Monga opanga galimotoyo ntchito m'badwo wotsiriza - 15-TH chitsanzo.

injini

Model ZIS-150 anali okonzeka ndi unit mofanana 5-zino, kenako 15. Pamene Anamuchitira wake 101,6 mamilimita izi injini carburettor anali ndi buku la malita 5.5. Iwo mu 1950, pambuyo pa chuma kukonzanso ndi unsembe wa latsopano mafuta osakaniza pa carburetor kugwa mtsinje, komanso atsopano kotheratu polowera zobwezedwa angathe kuonjezera psinjika chiŵerengero - ndi mphamvu kuchuluka kwa malita 95. a.

Mu mndandanda woyamba, pa makhalidwe ake onse galimoto anali ndithu sangathe kwambiri. Long kutsinde driveline anali ofooka malire mphamvu, ndi zonyoza chiwerengero cha kusintha. Nthawi zambiri izi zinachititsa chakuti pamene galimoto kutsikatsika chiwerengero cha kusintha anali kwambiri kuposa n'kofunika chitetezo. Cardan kutsinde yopuma. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye anabweretsa mu ziyambe kukonzedwa ananyema actuator - galimoto kunali kovuta kwambiri kuti asiye. Kuona zinthu, akatswiri sakanachitira mwina, monga mphamvu kuchepetsa liwiro kuti 2400 Rev / min.

HIV

Ndi injini ichi ntchito a-liwiro asanu gearbox, komanso zowalamulira awiri litayamba. Bokosi komanso m'nyumba kufala chimbale ananyema. Choka mlandu inkakhala mikondo itatu.

ZIS-150: zofunika

Chitsulo chogwira matayala - 4 × 2. The pazipita katundu kulemera kwa galimoto iyi anali 4 mamita Machine kulemera anali 3.900 makilogalamu .. Wheelbase - 4000 mm. Ground chilolezo - 265 mm. Liwiro pazipita kuti chingapezeke mu galimoto ili pa 65 Km / h, pamene liwiro la zochepa. mafuta anali pafupi 38 malita / 100 Km. Izi chitsanzo ndi thanki yodzadza imachititsa mtunda wa 4000 Km. Mphaka - a-liwiro asanu ndi zida wachisanu anali mofulumira.

Utsogoleri anali globoid mphutsi ndi trehgrebnevym wodzigudubuza. Dongosolo ananyema tichipeza mabuleki ng'oma. mabuleki pneumatic pagalimoto anali. dongosolo kuyimitsidwa - kasupe mtundu kumbuyo. Pa kumbuyo, awiri akasupe zina anaikidwa.

moyo waufupi

Izi Soviet zitsulo makina ZIS-150 anali mwachidule pa Olympus mfundo. Iwo anatengedwa kuchokera ku ulimi mu 1957. Koma ambiri a Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana zamangidwa pa maziko chitsanzo ichi. Pakuti nthawi zonse Tinatulutsa za 827 zikwi. Magalimoto awa. magalimoto awa ankagwiritsa ntchito mu kubwezeretsa chuma cha dziko. Izo zinali m'malo mwa ZIL-164, zomwe zinali chimodzimodzi mu dongosolo ndi mamangidwe.

Ngakhale kuti ku Soviet Union yopanga adagulung'undisa, mu China ndi maiko ena amapangidwa ZIS-150, kujambula m'mayiko amenewa ankayamba chilolezo. Yopanga unakhazikitsidwa Romania, ndi China icho chinali chimodzi mwa magalimoto otchuka. Kotero, ife tinapeza makamaka Soviet ZIS 150.