IL 49 (mfuti): makhalidwe, zithunzi

mawonekedwe ake ndi mamangidwe ndi awiri barreled mfuti ndi amatikumbutsa wa m'nthano "Sauer". Ndi pamaziko a otsiriza ndipo analengedwa ndi IL 49, woyamba positi-nkhondo chitsanzo armourers Izhevsk Mawotchi Bzalani.

Nkhani ya

Pambuyo kugonjetsa Germany monga mpikisano mu manja a injiniya SERGEY Belikov gunsmith kusaka mfuti zida zosiyanasiyana German kampani "I. P. Sauer ndi Mwana "pa chiwerengero 8. khalidwe timakhala ndi mamangidwe a pempheroli zambiri kuposa mpikisano prototypes kusaka mfuti, poyamba akupangidwa ku Izhevsk Mawotchi Bzalani.

Mu nthawi chisanadze nkhondo (1933) kuti IMZ anapanga pofuna kuti adziwe misa (kulemera) cha kusintha dvustvolok yopingasa. IZHBK zinalengedwa, IL 36, koma onse a zanyengo amenewa silingayende bwino. Kutiumba ndi kamangidwe ka nyama manja wamng'ono anali wamwano kwambiri. Komanso pa ntchito chowululidwa kapangidwe kwambiri ndi kumalephera zamakono, zomwe zimakhudza khalidwe la kuwombera.

Alenje zodandaula pizinji chida chatsopano: bedi la nthawi zonse akulimbana anakhudzidwa chifukwa cha kufooka maloko ophatikizidwa, brandtrubki ndi omenya anali kumangitsa ndi zina zotero.

Zikamera wa chitsanzo latsopano

Ndipo chifukwa cha kotheratu "Sauer" mu Soviet Union mu 1950, chitsanzo watsopano IL 49 aonekera. Bakuman mapangidwe, ndipo anapanga njira ina kuti luso zida. Mu izhevtsy kuŵeta anapezerapo makamaka chitsanzo 16 likungosonyeza. Only ochepa IL 49 anali 12 TH 20 TH likungosonyeza. Model chinakhalapo mpaka 1954, pamene iye anabwera kwa m'malo kusinthidwa IL 54.

IL 49. Mfuti mapangidwe latsopano

Model kusaka chida wachiphamaso-barreled mfuti ndi yopingasa vnutrikurkovoe tsinde dongosolo 16 n'zotsimikizira. Khola nkhondo mfuti amaperekedwa ndi ziwiri zolimba welded chitoliro tsinde. The makungwa ndi loko patatu pa awiri grenade mbedza.

Pins sankalimbana nafe limagwirizana ndi nyundo. Only mu 1953, IL 49 (onani chithunzi. M'nkhani) analandira choyambitsa ndi omenya kubwerera kanthu. Pamene kutsegula mfuti ndi cocked nyundo. IL 49 lachitsanzo ali ndi chipangizo basi chitetezo kuti amateteza ntchito mwangozi. Batani kwambiri chitetezo ili pa nsapato shank.

Mu chitsanzo cha IL 49 amapereka yosalala mbadwa nyundo. Handguard ali latch ndalezo mtundu. Mabokosi anapanga mtundu mfuti mfuti. The yaikulu kunja kusiyana osiyanasiyana ndi molunjika kumbuyo m'mphepete PAD kukhala 48 mm khushoni kutalika. Zikhomo chizindikiro (anatchulapo cocked) bodza pa mbali ndege nsapato mu mandrels mkuwa.

Luso makhalidwe a IL 49

Zina mwa zinthu khalidwe la chitsanzo monga:

• Kulemera mfuti kg - 3.2.
• mbiya m'litali, mm - 750.
• chipinda kutalika mm - 70.
• The awiri a pini mm - 2.5.
• Choyambitsa mphamvu ya makilogalamu kutsogolo mbedza - 1.5-2.5.
• Descender kumbuyo mbedza khama makilogalamu - 2-3.
• Kukula kwa kutsamwa 12 n'zotsimikizira, mm - 0.5-1.
• kutsamwa kukula 16 ndi calibers 20 mm - 0,45 ndi 0,8.
• Zoona kumenya ndi 55-57% ya mbiya chabwino ndi 60-65% ya kumanzere.

Mu mfuti kuŵeta ntchito ngati mumamera mapeto, ndi kupanga chidutswa - mtedza.

Pa chionetsero Moscow Mayiko za kusaka ndi galu kuswana mu 1950, IL 49 (chithunzi m'nkhani ino) wakhala kupereka golide Mendulo (zing'onozing'ono) ndi diploma ya digiri Ine. Izi a Izhevsk gunsmiths unachita yaikulu mu chitukuko unawonongedwa za kusaka chuma cha Soviet Union. Akatswiri ndi okonda kukasaka Kodi kupeza m'manja mwa chitsanzo yodalirika ndiponso ndilotsika mtengo wa IL 49. mfuti mtengo mu 1950 mpaka kufika 250-300 rubles.

Kuipa masanjidwe IL 49

Komanso ubwino wa chitsanzo cha alimi Izhevsk anali ndi makhalidwe oipa. alenje anadandaula mekeza kwambiri pa mfuti yatsopano, dandaulo wapadera ndi ntchito mankhwala m'nyengo yozizira. Kugwirizanitsa ndi IL 49 anali mmodzi wa chitsanzo watsopano wa zipani anafooka ndipo anapangitsa kwambiri akuwadzudzula. Pakatikati yokoka mu IL 49 wamba (misa) wa chitsanzo ndi zaka 82 mamilimita ku kuipanikiza, amene anali wovuta kwambiri kuwombera. Zonse anali kuwerengera Mbali imeneyi structural.

Kunja mwano ndi osauka zitsanzo khalidwe mapeto ali mokwanira ndikondwera wosuta. Za propensity IL 49 kuti misfires anapita nkhani ndi nthano. mfundo ndi yakuti, antchito mbewu kutengera chitsanzo European, zilibe kuganizira tilinazo kapisozi a. Heavy-ntchito kwafalikira kupanga Soviet olumala woonda mipanda kapisozi inatha zitsanzo.

tsogolo

Chifukwa zinachitikira anasonkhanitsa wa okonza ndi akatswiri a Mlengi anazindikira kuti panali kuchitika mwamsanga modernize ndi IL 49. Mogwirizana ndemanga zonse ndi maganizo a alenje ndi mafani kusaka case, anaganiza kumasula chitsanzo zatsopano. Choncho, m'malo IL 49 mu 1955 m'kuunika watsopano, patsogolo kwambiri chitsanzo - IL 54, lomwe kenako anali wotchuka kwambiri kuposa chitsanzo m'mbuyomu.

Lodziwika bwino chitsanzo cha Izhevsk chomera

Mu mbiri kuposa 70 za "IMZ" azimva yaikulu za kusaka ndi zamasewera mfuti. Pakali pano, buku kupanga kuposa 750,000 zida pa chaka. The zitsanzo bwino kwambiri ndi kunyada kwa ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale. Nawa pamwamba 5 la masewera lodziwika bwino kwa manja yaing'ono, zimene zinabweretsa kutchuka ndi kupambana Izhevsk gunsmiths:

1. IL-12. -Kawiri barreled mfuti vnutrikurkovoe chitsanzo 1962-1974 chaka.
2. IL 49. chitsanzo linapangidwa mu 1950-1954, motero.
3. IL, 59 "Satellite". mfuti odalirika 1960-1964 chitsanzo zaka.
4. IL-26. Kumasulidwa kwa masanjidwe wakhala katswiri mu zaka 1970-1975. chitsanzo ichi walandira anayamikira kwambiri mu msika lonse.
5. IL 58. Lachitsanzo anali katswiri mu 1958.

afterword

Today n'kovuta kuona IL 49 pa kusaka ndi. Ngati mwadzidzidzi mfuti wokalamba agogo, ndiye nthawi yomweyo amakhala chinthu kuyerekezera ndi kusirira m'chipani zida. kupanga Modern zida kusaka ambiri odzipereka kwa theka-zodziwikiratu.

Only ndi alenje akale ndi connoisseurs woona wa mfuti kusaka ndi mu nkhokwe zawo za shabby, koma kukopera ntchito ya IL 49.