Jugular Vienna: Anatomy ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa

Jugular Vienna (YaV) amachotsa magazi ziwalo ndipo zimakhala mutu mu cranial vena cava. Ndi mkati ndi kunja.

1. Choyamba mwa zinthuzi ndi pa mtunda otero padziko thupi, choncho Tingaone pa imakungika ziwalo. Iwo lili poyambira jugular ndipo amachititsa magazi kwa khosi, chibwano ndi khosi khungu, kenako amalowa YaV lamkati. Iwo ali valavu mmenemo ndi kuyenda mu mitsempha ina monga:

a) zapambuyo jugular Vienna - zimachokera ku malo chibwano, motsogoleredwa downwards cha pamwamba sternohyoid minofu. Awiri a iwo, mbali zonse, iwo kupita pansi kwa malo suprasternal, amene zolumikizana anastomosis (jugular Arc). Choncho, kutsogolo jugular mitsempha kuphatikiza kupanga khosi mtsempha.

b) The kumbuyo khutu Vienna - amachititsa magazi akubwera kuchokera plexus, umene uli kumbuyo khutu. Malowa ali pamtunda kumbuyo khutu.

c) occipital - amanyamula magazi kuchokera plexus venous kumbuyo kwa mutu, izo anazitsanulira mwa lakunja bomba la nyukiliya, ndipo nthawizina mu mkati.

g) suprascapular - akudutsa pamodzi ndi mtsempha wamagazi ndipo ali mawonekedwe a mitengo ikuluikulu iwiri polumikiza wina kumapeto Chigawo cha mtsempha subclavian.

Jugular Vienna (kunja) limapangidwa mavavu.

2. A udindo wapadera ndi ankaimba ndi mkati jugular Vienna. Pamafunika unachokera ku malo a foramen jugular, limene lili m'munsi a Chigaza, ndi obliquely chimafikira kudutsa khosi lonse pansi minofu sterno-clavicular, chifukwa mu mafelemu lateral patsinde pa khosi.

Pankhani ya kutembenuzira mutu kutsidya lina, icho chimapita pa malo kugwirizana khutu ndi sternoclavicular sochlenenieya, yomwe ili carotid thumba carotid mtsempha wamagazi ndi mitsempha lateral.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti mu ubongo, ndicho mu chigoba chake olimba ndi machitidwe venous ziwiya kupita mu mtsempha ndi asamathere magazi kuchokera anati thupi. Onse olumikizidwa kwa wina ndi mzake ndi kupanga olimba venous sinuses chingwe. Choncho, mwazi ndi anaikira mu nkusani awiri sigmoid kudutsa mipata ena mu chigaza lapansi. Choncho popangidwa ndi lamanzere ndi lamanja mkati jugular mtsempha.

A angapo aphatikizidwa makhwawa, amene kuchotsa magazi kuchokera pharynx ndi m'phuno, zopangitsa malovu, m'kamwa ndi m'mphuno ndi khungu la mutu ndi khosi ndi chithokomiro. Mu mkati YaV otaya ndi mitsempha ena, monga:

a) kutsogolo - limachokera ku nsagwada m'munsi confluence a mitsempha awiri (nkhope kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo) imatsogoleredwa downwards kenako chammbuyo. Ilibe mavavu.

b) chithokomiro mitsempha - limodzi mitsempha ndi kuyenda mu kutsogolo kwa mtsempha kapena lingual. Ali mavavu.

c) pharyngeal - ochokera padziko pakhosi, iwo kundipatsa mtsempha vidian njira m'kamwa, eustachian chubu. chiwerengero chawo angakhale osiyana, iwo alibe mavavu.

g) lingual Vienna - ili pafupi ndi mtsempha wamagazi, n'kusiya wake, amagona pansi padziko minofu lingual ndi kuthamangira kufanana kwa mitsempha hypoglossal. Iwo ali mavavu.

Tikumbukenso kuti mitsempha onse pa mutu ndi anastomoses ndi sinuses venous kudzera mafupa a Chigaza lapansi. Choncho, iwo ili pa ngodya lamkati la diso, kumbuyo khutu, m'dera la korona. anastomoses izi n'zotheka kusintha kuthamanga mu chigaza cha. Komanso, ngati kutupa zimakhala iwo wotumikira kudutsa kutupa nembanemba ubongo, zomwe ndi zoopsa kwambiri chodabwitsa.

Choncho, Vienna mkati jugular, subclavian polumikiza kuti, ndipamene dzenje mbiya pamwamba mtsempha.

Jugular Vienna, pokhala ili pakhosi, imapangitsa outflow magazi kuchokera zimakhala ndi ziwalo mutu ndi ndi mbali ya vena cava. Amakhala ndi mitundu iwiri iwiri (kunja ndi mkati) amene amagwira ntchito zofunika mu lamulo la magazi, monga mbali yofunika ya mitsempha ya magazi a umunthu.