Kodi cud? Kodi kupanga chingamu yokha?

Ngati mudzapempha aliyense odutsapo, kuposa America amadziwika, ndiye kuti maina zinthu zitatu - jinzi, "McDonald" ndi kumatafuna chingamu. Ndipo ndi zoona mwamtheradi. Ndizo basi olemekezeka atsopano ndi ife adzatsogolera nkhaniyo. Kuchokera pa zimene ndi momwe kuti kumatafuna chingamu, kapena m'pofunika ndi zotheka kuchita nokha? Komanso, muphunzira mfundo zosangalatsa za wokoma ndi zokoma chonunkha chingamu, amene chidwi akulu ndi ana padziko lonse.

Ndipo kodi kutafuna ngati chiyani?

Today n'kovuta kunena yaitali bwanji ndi kumene kunali cud. makolo athu anapeza nokha zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo. Inde, iwo sankaoneka ngati chi ake, koma kumadzetsa phindu ndithu. Makamaka ntchito ngati utomoni wa mitengo. Kumathandiza kuyeretsa mano a zolengeza, freshens mpweya ndi mankhwala pakamwa panu, chifukwa utomoni wa - kwambiri antiseptic. Mu kumpoto kwa dziko lathu, makamaka m'midzi, anthu ambiri ndi odziwika bwino lero, kuti ndi sulfure (utomoni wa mitengo deciduous). Anthu ena amakonda phula, ena, monga mafuko Mayan - adzauma kuyamwa wa mtengo mphira. Zinali kwa iye ndipo anapita m'badwo wa makono chingamu. Ndithudi aliyense wa ife angachite chidwi kudziwa mmene kuti cud lero.

A mbiri pang'ono

Mu zaka za m'ma 19 Dzhon Kertis anapanga pofuna woyamba kupanga kumatafuna chingamu mtengo kuyamwa, koma malonda analephera ndipo posachedwapa kampani kutsekedwa. Koma Thomas Adams wakhala ntchito bwino ndithu kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za kuloŵedwa m'malo ake. Koma tsopano kuchita cud, adayamba mphira ndi Kuwonjezera liquorice kununkhira. Zaka zingapo chingamu ali nako kukoma okoma ndi fungo, ndi atakulungidwa mu okutira wokongola ndipo ambiri atchukitsa pakati pa anthu a America. Nkosafuna kunena kuti ali msanga wabweza kuzindikira ndipo posakhalitsa anabalalika padziko lonse lapansi.

Chidwi mfundo:

• Kumatafuna chingamu amaona chizindikiro cha America chifukwa cha dziko wotchuka kampani Wrigley. Anaganiza kuti aipereke kwa onse amene anawoloka malire a United States, kutafuna mbale monga mphatsoyo (bwino, cholinga cha kudzikuza, kumene).

Kodi ife kutafuna?

Choncho kodi cud lero? Kutumikira maziko yopanga angapange, monga osakaniza plasticizers, resins, elastomers, ndi zina zina zimene zimachizidwa anachokera ku mankhwala mafuta. Mwachidule, ndi jombo ndi pulasitiki. osakaniza bwino kutsukidwa, ndi pambuyo anawonjezera sweetener - shuga kapena dextrose, oonetsera zosiyanasiyana, flavorings ndipo, ndithudi, utoto chakudya. Misa ndi mkangano ndi bwino n'kuukanda kukhala homogeneous ndi zotanuka.

Kodi kupanga chingamu m'tsogolo? Iwo amakakamizidwa kupyolera atolankhani wapadera, zomwe ndipamene yaitali mphira gulu, ndi chipangizo wapadera amadula iwo mu zidutswa. Pambuyo chingamu atakulungidwa mu okutira wokongola, mabokosi kwa packagi ndi ofunikira kuti idzafika pa masitolo.

Chidwi mfundo:

• Normal chingamu kupulumutsidwa ku ngozi ndege mu 1911. Mothandizidwa ndi savvy British anatseka dzenje chifukwa mu injini ndi matsoka kukanidwa. Uthenga inafikira ngodya zonse za dziko. Osati malonda zoipa kumatafuna chingamu, sichoncho?

Kodi ine ndikukhulupirira malonda?

Ndithudi, pakumva zimene zimapangitsa kumatafuna chingamu, muli ndi funso kapena oterowo mankhwala othandiza, chifukwa zina zambiri, ndipo kutafuna chingamu ndithu zothandiza. Mwina munthu akudziwa kaya ndi momwe kuti chingamu kunyumba?

Phindu ndi mopweteka wa kutafuna mikangano chingamu kupitiriza kwa zaka zambiri. Monga mankhwala ena alionse, lili ndi ubwino wake: kwenikweni anasintha dzino enamel kwa zolengeza. Ndipo minuses: Mlengi sindingati ndikhale woonamtima kwathunthu ndi kuwonjezera chakudya chokoma woopsawo zina. Pamene inu kutumiza mkamwa mwanu kutafuna mbale, ubongo wanu amaganiza kuti ndi nthawi nkhomaliro ndi kuyamba kukonzekera thupi kulandira chakudya. Koma ndizo okha chakudya m'mimba si kufika, ndipo ichi mosavuta hule ndi gastritis kapena chilonda.

Koma chochititsa chidwi, zimene zimapangitsa chingamu "Mpita"? Ndipotu, mano onse pa dziko amalangiza! Kukhala oona mtima ku mapeto, ngati chingamu si kuteteza mano anu ndi monga kuwononga enamel adzakhala zochepa kuposa wina aliyense. zikuchokera ake amasiyana okha chimodzi - kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wogwirizira. Mtokoma wa chingamu ndi shuga anawonjezera, ndipo icho chili choipa kwa enamel dzino.

Chidwi mfundo:

• Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti mtundu pinki wa chingamu chifukwa ndi chizindikiro cha unyamata, chikondi ndi chifundo. Koma kwenikweni, woyamba chingamu anali pinki chifukwa kunali utoto chokha chimene anali nacho mlengi wake panthawiyo.

Tikugwiritsa chingamu okha

maganizo ndalama si ulesi. Pali mfundo zambiri za momwe kuti kunyumba kwanu cud. Pakuti ichi muyenera thumba la gelatin, madzi, ½ chikho ufa shuga, 20 ga phula, 100 ga uchi njuchi uchi.

Gelatin ayenera kutsanulira pang'ono madzi pathupi. Zisa kudula mu zidutswa, anaika malaya a mkate ndipo kutumiza mayikirowevu kuti misa isungunuke. Tsopano m'pofunika kuwonjezera gelatin ndi phula. Pasanathe mphindi zochepa kwambiri ya chipwirikiti mpaka zosakaniza onse kusungunuka. Tiyeni ozizira, kenako kutumiza cud mu furiji kwa theka la ola. Kumanzere kudula nyema magawo ndi kuwaza ndi ufa shuga, kotero iwo si ogwirizana.

Mwa njira, mungathe osati edible chingamu. maukonde ali zambiri makanema pa momwe Bambo Max zimapangitsa mopusa putty. Ichi ndi chidole kwambiri kwa banja lonse.

Chidwi mfundo:

• Tsiku lina, kuyeretsa msewu mu Beijing ndi chingamu, panatenga pafupifupi 120 000 dollars. Kuyambira pamenepo, osungitsa bata kuti chindapusa onse amene angayerekeze kumulavulira kumatafuna chingamu m'misewu.