Kodi kudziwa kukula zeze. Makulidwe violin zaka

makalasi mwana mu School of Music wakhala zina makolo podkovannosti kusankha ndi choimbira. Pamene inafika nthawi yoti iye apite ku sitolo, funso loyamba limene makolo: "Kodi ine kudziwa kukula kwa zeze chiyani?"

Inde, Nkhata-Nkhata njira - kusankha chida ndi aphunzitsi. Iye adzatha amayang'anitsitsa zeze m'zonse ndi kusankha bwino kuperekedwa pa zenera, chifukwa ngakhale mediocre zida fakitale akhoza zimasiyana kwambiri pakati pawo. Komabe, kuti zimenezi sikuti kuchitika, kenako makolo ayenera kukonzekera pang'ono mu gawo ongolankhula, chifukwa kwenikweni si monga zovuta monga izo zikuwoneka.

terminology

zeze kukula mu masentimita akhoza zimasiyana bizinezi kwa wogulitsa malonda, imeneyi imagwira onse ku fakitale ndi zipangizo mmisiri, koma pali mfundo lonse, kotero muyenera apa mudzikonzere wolamulira kapena kuyeza tepi. Koma pamwamba pa zonsezi, tiyeni tione malingaliro a "theka", "kotala", "lonse", ndi zina zotero. D. Lonse otchedwa zeze 4/4 (anayi), izi ndi zeze wamkulu. Zida, ang'onoang'ono, wotchedwa Mwachitsanzo, "theka" (ie, theka kapena 1/2 lonse ..), "kotala" - 1/4 "eighths" - 1/8. Awa ali maudindo anazolowera anachoka nyimbo, motero, lonse, theka, kotala ndi chitatu, koma wapakatikati zamitundu ngati nicknames ali sanalandire.

Monga opredeleit kukula zeze

Kupeza zimene kukula zeze, muyenera kuyeza m'njira ziwiri:

1. Kutalika kwa pindilani (mutu) ndi mmunsi mwa sitimayo (batani osaphatikiza, gawo limene Ufumuyo podgrifnik).
2. M'litali phewa (mbali kumene khosi ku mbali kumbuyo kumapeto a zeze) kuti pansi pa sitimayo (kupatulapo kutalika kwa "chidendene" kutumikira kumbuyo pa malo khosi zikugwirizana ndi sitimayo).

miyezo iwonso kudziwa kukula kwa zeze ndi:

• chiŵerengero cha masentimita 60 / masentimita 35 limafanana ndi zeze lonse;
• 57,2 masentimita / 34,4 cm - 7/8 kukula;
• 53,3 masentimita / 33 cm - 3/4;
• 52 masentimita / 31,7 cm - 1/2 kukula;
• 48,25 masentimita / 28 cm - 1/4 kukula;
• 43 masentimita / 25 cm - 1/8;
• 40,6 masentimita / 22,9 cm - Kukula 1/10;
• 36,8 masentimita / 20,3 cm - 1/16 kukula;
• 32 masentimita / 19 cm - kukula kwa 1/32.

Komabe, tiyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti nthawi zina kusiyana kukula mochuluka monga violin, ena opanga kapena zitsanzo osiyana angafikire masentimita awiri. Koma m'lifupi sitimayo alibe phindu ndipo kawirikawiri yodziwika osati za akatswiri osiyanasiyana, komanso mwa zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za zida fakitale amene mobwerezabwereza anapangira aliyense waluso violin kudziwika, monga Stradivari ndi Guarneri.

Makulidwe violin zaka

deta wophunzira angathe bwanji chofunika kukula kwa zeze mu lalikulu ku mbali ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zina, ngakhale munthu wamkulu angathe, chifukwa cha maonekedwe, kuimba zeze 7/8, koma monga ulamuliro, mwana ayenera zeze uliwonse zaka 2.

Makalata tebulo kukula / age

Tikupereka inu tebulo limene mungathe ziri kudziwa zimene zaka zizigwirizana ndi zina violin kukula:

• 1/32 - 1 chaka zaka 3.
• 1/16 - kuchokera zaka 3 mpaka 5.
• 1/10 - 4-5 zaka.
• 1/8 - 4-6 zaka.
• 1/4 - 5-7 zaka.
• 1/2 - 7-9 zaka.
• 3/4 - 9-12 zaka.
• 7/8 - 11 zaka ndi akulu ndi manja yaing'ono.
• 4/4 - 11-12 zaka ndi akulu.

Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti chiŵerengero amenewa zingasiyane.

Ngati olamulira simuli, ndi mwana ali

Komabe, kuti kusankha bwino kukula zeze mwana osati kuti miyezo molondola, pali njira yosavuta kwambiri. M'pofunika kuti woimba wamng'ono anatambasula dzanja lake lamanzere pambali pang'ono, popanda Yosefera, anaika zeze pa phewa lake lamanzere. Ngati kukula kupsa zeze, mutu wake (pindilani) zidzakhala ndendende pakati m'manja ndi zala potelani girth popanda mavuto.

Choncho ayenera kuchita simutha musanagule kukaonana ndi mphunzitsi, kapena ngati mwana zina (monga mkulu kapena yaing'ono kwa usinkhu wake).

kusintha chida

Ndiyeno, kodi kumvetsa zimene mwana wakula mwa zeze wake? Zokwanira chaka kuti achite mpheto yosavuta, pamwamba. Ngati zeze mutu linkakhala ndi pamwamba m'manja mwa dzanja lanu, kapena ngakhale burashi kwambiri - ndi nthawi yoti mupite ku zokulirapo.

Aphunzitsi zambiri kugawana ndi kugulitsa zida pakati pa ana awo, omwe ndi opindulitsa kwambiri. Komanso, ena zokambirana pali wochita, pamene iwo anagula kusintha zeze ndi surcharge pa W iwe wamkulu, amenenso yabwino kwambiri, choncho musaganize kuti mwana kuphunzira chingwe kugwirizana ndi ndalama kwambiri. msika tsopano anasefukira ndi nambala yaikulu zida Chinese, omwe mwina si zabwino kwambiri, koma wotchipa.

Pali chinthu chimodzi chinanso: Nthawi zina n'zotheka kutenga zeze pang'ono kuposa chofunika. Koma pali vuto otchedwa wapakatikati kukula, makamaka kukula kwa 7/8, chifukwa, malingana ndi mlingo wa mwanayo kukula, chida ichi Pakufunika kusintha kale pambuyo miyezi 3-9.

Komabe, pali chinthu chachiwiri: kuimba vayolini ang'onoang'ono mbandakucha, kotero Musawachite zeze chifukwa zamitundu iwiri kapena itatu ikuluikulu. Similar zotsatira mu manja a malo ndi mavuto mosalephera pa minofu. Iwo angakhalebe mwanjira wolungama, ngati mwana zikugwira kunyumba kawirikawiri kapena ayi konse nawo. Kotero kukonzekera kuti ngati inu kupulumutsa pa chida cha pogula kuti "kukula" N'kutheka kuti chifukwa mwana kudana kwambiri ndi ntchito, chifukwa iwo ali oyanjana osati ndi kusapeza zonse, koma ngakhale ululu (pamapeto pake). Ndikuganiza, kodi ofunika yopulumutsa pamene nyimbo chida msika ndi osiyanasiyana a zanyengo otsika-yotsiriza, mukhoza kupeza yofanana zokambirana ndi zeze.

Akukhulupirira kuti ang'onoang'ono kukula zeze zikumveka oipa phokoso kuposa lonse. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi zoona Komabe, amangonena za zipangizo fakitale. masitolo ambiri wabwino zeze kukula 7/8, mu zosatheka otsika zosiyanasiyana, choncho ngati muli ndi manja yaing'ono, sipafunika kuti "nkhondo" ndi zeze lonse, tsopano ndi mwayi kusankha konsati buku la kukula wapakatikati.

Mafunso za mauta

Kusankha uta - wachiwiri, koma si ntchito wosalemekezeka. Kwambiri lalifupi uta n'kogwiritsa osachiritsika maganizo ndi kutopa kwambiri chifukwa cha dzanja lamanja (mwana mwachibadwa adzakhala akukangamizani gululi, podziwa kuti uta ndi lalifupi). Nthaŵi yaitali uta ndi kunja, koma ngati inu simungathe kukula bwino, ndi njira yabwino "kukula", koma ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo izo ziyenera kukhala atagwirizana ndi aphunzitsi. Komanso, uta wophunzira sayenera kuchisenza. Kusankha zolakwika zingakhudze osati chiphunzitso cha manja, komanso thanzi la wophunzira.

Kodi kusankha uta ena

Makulidwe violin akuwerama mutu ndi chimodzimodzi malamulo monga kukula kwa chida lokha.

Posankha kachiwiri kuthandiza mzere, koma tsopano anadza mwana miyezo. M'litali mkono kuchokera phewa kuti dzanja - ndi angadalire nkhani imeneyi, koma sitiyenera kuiwala kuti amangonena za ana, akulu kusewera uta 4/4:

• 1/32 - zosakwana masentimita 35,5;
• 1/16 - 35,5 masentimita;
• 1/10 - 38 masentimita;
• 1/8 - 42 masentimita;
• 1/4 - 45,7-47 masentimita;
• 1/2 - 50,8 masentimita;
• 3/4 - 54,6-56 masentimita;
• 7/8 - 56 masentimita ndi woimbayo yaing'ono;
• 4/4 - 58 masentimita ndi zambiri.

Komanso, n'zotheka osati zochepa molondola kudziwa kukula yabwino kuchita. Muyenera kuika uta pa chingwe kutha chapamwamba, ndipo chigongono ayenera kukhala wosapanikizika Limbitsani. Ngati kukula ndi zazing'ono, dzanja lamanja osati unbend mapeto, ndipo ngati kwambiri - dzanja lamanja adzathera kumbuyo kwake, sindiye kutsogolera kuti mapeto a uta.

N'chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunika kusankha kukula bwino?

Ngati chinthu chaching'ono kapena chachikulu, icho chimawoneka chonyansa, koma kenanso. Koma bwino anasankha kukula zeze - sitepe yoyamba lophunzira luso zovuta, chifukwa ngati izo zikanakhala kwambiri kapena zochepa, koma amene aikidwako, wophunzirayo kudzakhala kovuta osati kusunga ulaliki zolondola manja, komanso kumvetsa izo.

zochita zonse mu masewera ayenera kuti automaticity, ndipo sayambitsa kusapeza, zomwe n'zosatheka ndi cholakwika kunyamula chida.