Kodi kulemba nkhani mabuku: kapangidwe ndi dongosolo

Mawu akuti "nkhani" amachokera ku French mu Russian. Amabwerera mbiri wina Latin lingaliro, kutanthauza pomasulira "Kupenda". French anawamasulira kuti ndi "likuonetsera", "kusodza", "pofuna", "mayeso", "ndi". M'nkhaniyi, ife tinena za momwe alembe nkhani mabuku. Mudzaphunzira kodi makhalidwe a mtundu wanyimbo ichi, chimene matabwa ake ndi zikuchokera. Komanso malangizo othandiza adzapatsidwa nkhani, mutawerenga, mudzayamba kudziwa mmene alembe nkhani mabuku, okongola ndi chidwi. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi tanthauzo la mawu.

Kodi nkhani?

The nkhani ndi prose ntchito ndi zikuchokera ufulu wa buku laling'ono, limene maganizo ndi zokumana nazo pa nkhani inayake kapena nkhani ndipo sananenedwe kukhala zochuluka kapena patsogolo posankha chithandizo pa nkhani imeneyi.

Mu analemba LP Khoswe ofotokozera Dictionary limanenedwa motere: ndi sewero, amene amachitira ena nkhani ufulu mawonekedwe osati m'njira sayansi mwadongosolo.

Kutembenukira ku Collegiate Dictionary, ife tikupeza kuti nkhani ndi mtundu wanyimbo zotsutsa zolembalemba, nzeru zaumunthu, journalistic, mbiri yakale, mbiri prose kuti Chili payekha malo wolemba, anasonyeza m'lembali, ndi anaika-mmbuyo, nthawi zambiri paradoxical mawu a pafupi chinenero.

The Short zolembalemba Encyclopedia limanena kuti nkhani - wamfupi, ali ndi ufulu zikuchokera ntchito prose, amene amachitira ena lathu ndi Pofuna kusonyeza maganizo wolemba kapena zochitika kugwirizana nazo.

Zizindikiro za nkhani ndi

- Kupezeka kwa nkhani inayake mutu. Odzipereka kwa kusanthula akonzedwa yaikulu ya mavuto mankhwala simungathe ndi tanthauzo kukhala mu mtundu wanyimbo ichi monga essays.

- amasonyeza maganizo kwenikweni munthu ndi zidindo zina vuto kapena nkhani, sinafike zochuluka ndipo liwulo kutanthauzira kwa phunziro. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe alembe nkhani mabuku, onani pansipa.

- nkhani, monga ulamuliro, imasonyeza kukhalako kwa watsopano, utoto zotengera malingaliridwe mawu chilichonse. mankhwala mwina mbiri ndi mbiri, nzeru zaumunthu, zolembalemba, ndi kudzudzula, journalistic, otchuka sayansi kapena zopeka khalidwe.

- Choyamba, zili lemba la Akuti adzadziwire wolemba, maganizo ake, maganizo.

Mlengi wa mtundu wanyimbo nkhani

polemba chinenero umenewu wakhala wotchuka kwambiri m'zaka za posachedwapa. Amaona mlengi wa Michel de A Montaigne (Mlembi wa "ndi", linatuluka mu 1580). Ndi apa kuti ife tikupeza zitsanzo woyamba wa momwe alembe nkhani mabuku. Ngakhale ayenera zikhulupiriro kuti woyambitsa wa kulemba essays aumunthu. Buku lili ndi mitu monga Mwachitsanzo, "The wodzimva", "Pa Chikumbumtima". Komabe, kwambiri kapangidwe ka lemba, lingaliro la wolemba kudzakuthandizani polenga ntchito polemba chinenero ichi ndi mabuku, ndi nkhani zina.

Nkhani kulemba luso tsopano apakhungu kwambiri. Panopa, mtundu wa ntchito ngati ntchito chikuperekedwa pafupipafupi. Mwachitsanzo, CSE zikuphatikizapo nkhani mabuku. Pa chikuonetseratu kuti sukulu zosiyanasiyana, kapena Mwachitsanzo, ntchito polemba chinenero zimenezi n'kofunika. ntchito mpikisano limakupatsani kusankha zabwino kwambiri.

N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera alembe nkhani?

Cholinga kuti wakhazikitsa yokha nkhani - kukhala maganizo a kulenga a umunthu, ndi luso zakukhosi alembedwe. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri chifukwa amathandiza wolemba kuphunzira mmene molondola ndi bwino athandize maganizo awo, kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zofunika kwambiri kutsogolera zambiri, tchulani kugwirizana pakati ndi zotsatira, zimasonyeza zitsanzo mfundozo kutsimikizira anapezazo lapansi.

kusowa chiwembu

Mbali yoyamba ya kulemba nkhani mabuku - ndi kupanda mu mtundu wanyimbo iyi ya nkhani yakale. Kumene, mungathe kupereka zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za moyo, koma zonsezi kokha fanizo la malingaliro zikuluzikulu za lembalo.

adelomorphous

Mbali ina - ndi kalekale mawonekedwe. M'mawu ena, n'zotheka, monga iwo amati, kufalitsa lingaliro la mtengo, ndi kuti palibe amene angakuuzeni mawu oipa. Onse amene adza kwa malingaliro, ndi kufotokoza pa pepala, yosanthula, kenako n'cigwagwa pamwambapa.

Voliyumu ya essays

Kumbukirani kuti buku la essays ndi mwachilungamo kakang'ono, koma omveka bwino pamene alibe. Iye watsala atatu masamba asanu olembedwa mu lemba kompyuta. Pa Harvard Business School, mwachitsanzo, essays ndi zolembedwa pafupipafupi patsamba ziwiri basi. Ku mayunivesite zoweta analola kuchuluka kwa masamba khumi typewritten.

A vuto linalake kapena funso

Chinthu china n'chakuti cholinga cha mawunikidwe la wolemba kukhala vuto makamaka (ena nkhani insoluble). phunziro ayenera zodziwika bwino. nkhani Tingaone nthawi yomweyo nkhani zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukonda ambiri malingaliro (maganizo). Iwo okha akuganizira lingaliro limodzi, njira ina, ndipo akufotokozera iwo. Izo ziri, ndi monga yankho ena funso.

maganizo omwe

Pankhaniyi, muyenera kokha kunena maganizo awo. The nkhani sakutchula kukhala yekha zolondola amazionera, ngakhale ndi zambiri za mfundo ndi umboni. Zikuoneka yekha ndi mbali ya nkhaniyi. Kulemba essays mabuku - si ntchito sayansi.

Simulating kukambirana ndi wowerenga

Chinthu chotsatira Ndikufuna kuti atchule kuti pamene kulenga nkhani Zili ngati oyerekezera zolankhula moyo ndi owerenga, amene ayenera kutsogolera, kuitana pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana litakwezedwa Choncho moto nkhani ngati uli pamaso pa pano. Wolemba monologue ayenera kukhala kupitirira danga ndi nthawi, ladzala ndi motsatana wabwino wa mawu. Kulemba essays mabuku zikuphatikizapo kwambiri kulenga amafotokozera. Ndi owerenga ayenera kukhazikitsa kukhulupirirana ndiponso ochezeka kulankhulana kalembedwe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, wolemba ali mwadala kupewedwa samveka, zovuta, mwauchidakwa okhwima yomanga. Pa nthawi yomweyo Tisawasale ntchito mawu inayake, slang, mawu chidule, ndi kupewa kwambiri zosafunikira kamvekedwe. Monga ofufuza za onani, ndi nkhani yabwino angalenge ndi yekhayo amene ali mwini mutu ndi mtima wonse, kuziwona izo kuchokera kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino osiyana, ndi okonzeka kupereka owerenga ndi m'zigawozigawo, koma osati zochuluka tione zodabwitsazi.

ufulu zikuchokera

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri polemba chinenero ichi - ufulu zikuchokera. nkhani dongosolo Literature si okhwima. Akatswiri osiyanasiyana amanena kuti mwachibadwa kwake, mtundu wanyimbo lakonzedwa m'njira kuti salola chimango ofunda. Nthawi zambiri anamanga mosiyana ndi malamulo zazikulu maganizo, mfundo ya mayanjano kwawo. essays pa dongosolo mabuku kuti mukhoza kupanga nokha. Zina zofunika compositional ife tchulani pansipa.

Propensity kwa paradoxes

Pali chizolowezi chododometsa. polemba chinenero lakonzedwa kudabwa, kuti amazunguza owerenga - ndi khalidwe la izo ndi mokakamizidwa. Poyambira pa nkhani zopezeka mawunikidwe yowala zambiri amachita aphoristic kapena watero kuona nkhope paradoxical osatsutsika pa Koyamba, koma matanthauzo ofananafanana mfundozo makhalidwe ovomerezeka.

umodzi zamalankhulidwe

Mmodzi wa mtundu wanyimbo akutchula chododometsa mkati zamalankhulidwe umodzi. Lolunjika makamaka subjectivity, koma ufulu zikuchokera, nkhani mgwirizano koma zamalankhulidwe mwa malemba, ndiko kugwirizana kwa kunena waukulu ndi mfundozo, komanso mayanjano mkati mogwirizana ndi kutsutsana, kugwirizana kwa maweruzo, amene amasonyeza malo munthu wa Mlengi wake.

Kapangidwe ndi kukonzekera nkhani

1. Kufotokozela za mutuwu. "Kodi kuyamba nkhani mabuku?" - Inu kufunsa. Monga amadziwika, chovuta kwambiri kulemba mizere yoyamba. Musaphwanye yomweyo kuyamba chinachake kwa wina kutsimikizira kupanga zitsanzo za essays mabuku. Kuyamba kukonzekera pansi, kuti ndi kulenga malo abwino kuviika owerenga ndi malemba mu maganizo athu, amene angamuthandize mtsogolo ngati kuli kotheka kudutsa malingaliro mlembi.

2. Mbali yaikulu ya chomwe nkhani yolembedwa ndi. Kumbukirani kuti ganizo zofunika ayenera kunena mwachidule ndi bwino. Ziyenera kukhala osavuta ndiponso yomveka. Palibe amene amakonda allegation. Ntchito wolemba, kulenga zitsanzo za essays mabuku, si kuti ananyamuka, komanso kutsimikizira. Mwachitsanzo, munganene kuti tsoka Mzimuyo dzina la munthu. Ndiye kutsimikizira izo, Popereka zitsanzo zenizeni ku moyo, kapena yochokera ena ziphunzitso odziwika. Malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi ayenera kukhala kuti alembe nkhani mabuku. Lermontov, Pushkin, Gogol, Nekrasov, Saltykov-Shchedrin ... Gwiritsani ntchito chidziwitso cha zapamwamba Russian, koma nthawi zonse akupereka zoonanso.

The nkhani yolembedwa Choncho yankho la funso lakuti: "Kodi" Pambuyo pake, onetsetsani kuti muyankhe funso ili: "Chifukwa chiyani?", Choncho, kutsimikizira izo.

3. Plan kuti alembe nkhani mabuku mulinso mapeto a komaliza, Polongosola mwachidule zotsatira pamwamba. Zimakhala yaitali nkhani nkhani za nkhaniyo, kupita ku nkhalango osiyanasiyana, koma mapeto onetsetsani kusonkhanitsa onse gulu la chuma maganizo. Mwa njira imeneyi kungakhale qualitatively Malizitsani mawu, ndipo zikusonyeza kufunika Malemba. Ngati kuchuluka chiri chochepa silingachite gawo ili. Chinthu chachikulu - ndi mfundo zofunika adalowa m'ndende.

Kuti ndi dongosolo la essays kulemba mabuku amene mungathe kusintha penapake, chifukwa ndi wokongola ufulu mawonekedwe.

Chinachake amene angakuthandizeni bwino kuti alembe nkhani

1. Ganizirani nkhani ya mutu wakuti, phindu lake. Aunika mmene bwino mukumvetsa zimene mukufuna kulemba. Kodi mumatha kupereka chinachake watsopano pa nkhani imeneyi? The nkhani wotchuka koposa zonse, apachiyambi. M'pofunika kuti atchule unbanal amayang'ana ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono, ngati iwo ali phunziro la zili. Musaiwale nthawi yomweyo pa kutsitsimuka kwa chinenero.

2. Zipangizo. Sankhani zimene mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito polemba ntchito. Kodi zokwanira kumawerenga ndi m'moyo? Musaiwale kuti mawu collage, kuchuluka kwa lingaliro nthawi zonse osonyeza. Dziŵani mfundo zosiyanasiyana view pa nkhaniyi ndi kulumikizana ndi ena a olemba kulankhulapo. ntchito ayenera kulenga kuganiza ntchito ya kalavulagaga ndiponso yaitali, kudabwa owerenga erudition ndipo anawaika deadlock maganizo atsopano.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro. Sitiyenera kubisa zonse nthawi imodzi. N'zosatheka kukondweretsa owerenga mfundo zosayembekezeka ndi mawu wothwanima. Pangani kotero kuti inu munali chidwi, zosangalatsa komanso nkhani kuwerenga.

4. atatu Nsanamira. Lembani pa pepala mfundo zikuluzikulu ndi malangizo. Mwa iwo kusankha atatu bwino kwambiri nkhani yolembedwa. Akwate monga maziko. Ngati inu mufika nthambi zambiri, inu kuthamanga chiopsezo kuti lemba zingaoneke zovuta ndi chabe, ndipo ngati zochepa - ndiwofatsa komanso fixated. Iwo kalekale chiwerengero "3" anazindikira zamatsenga. Sikuti chake zawozo.

5. Choyamba - mafupa. Ndipo yekha ndiye - khungu. Ndi apa kuti poyamba ayenera kufotokozera mwachidule sitima wa ganizo. Iwo akhoza kulemba ziganizo limodzi kapena awiri mu ndime iliyonse, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuwerenga, kenako kuumba ndi snowball, chomwe maganizo anu. Inu mukhoza kuwonjezera mfundo zofunika ndi zitsanzo, komanso mphepo zambiri, ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana luso.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe alembe nkhani mabuku. ntchito zimene m'nkhani ino, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulenga nkhani nkhani zina. Mfundo musati amasiyana osiyanasiyana polemba chinenero chimenechi. Kapangidwe essays mabuku operekedwa ndi ife angagwiritsidwe ntchito, mwachitsanzo, mu kulemba ntchito nzeru, ndi ntchito ndi anthu ena.