Kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira: chipangizo, mfundo opaleshoni, unsembe, lenileni. chiwembu kukapanda kuleka

Zomera m'munda zofunika chinyezi. Zingakhale bwino ngati izo zifika mizu mosalekeza ndi zedi metered. Chifukwa chaichi pali chipangizo ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka. Mavuto ndi unsembe wa dongosolo m'tsogolo ndi kuthetsa inefficient lolemera ntchito yadzaoneni. Tingaone zimenezi ndi ambiri ndemanga wamaluwa. Cholinga ambiri wosamasula ofanana kuchokera yakalavulagaga Buku. Kuwonjezera ulimi wothirira, m'dzikoli kwambiri zinthu zina. Izo kumuyesa m'malo khama ndiponso khama pa mpumulo.

Mitundu ya mindandanda yamasewera ndi machitidwe ulimi wothirira, pali zambiri. Iwo akhoza kupanga kapena kusonkhanitsa manja awo, ndi kukopa akatswiri.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka

Kwapang'onopang'ono madzi zambiri ubwino.

1. Zakudya madzi mwachindunji pansi tsinde, ndi kulola munthawi yomweyo ndi chinyezi apange feteleza.
2. Kupulumutsa nthawi ndi mphamvu chilimwe wokhalamo. Wokwera kachitidwe kamodzi, n'zotheka kwa nyengo lonse sanali okwanira Buku.
3. Osaphatikiza kuthekera atayanika kunja nthaka. chinyezi ake nthawi zonse zokwanira kukula anakhumba mbewu.
4. Kachitidwe ntchito zomera iliyonse, chifukwa ndi chilengedwe.
5. Kusankha mabedi mulingo woyenera zosinthika ulimi wothirira.

Mwa zolakwa za taonera mtengo mbali chigawo adzagwa ulimi wothirira chipangizo :. zovekera, hoses, malamba, metering madzi mpope, fyuluta, etc. Kuti zinthu zonse polojekiti nthawi kuchotsa zinyalala, poona otaya madzi, vavu ntchito, etc. The unit oyaka .. ndipo amafuna kupezeka mosalekeza magetsi.

Kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira: chipangizo ndi mfundo ya ntchito

dongosolo kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira akukamba chinyezi mwachindunji mizu, kupulumutsa madzi ndi kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mbali mlengalenga wa zomera. Madzi amalowa pang'onopang'ono intervals ena, kapena mosalekeza, zimene zimathandiza kuti akhalebe mlingo anakonzeratu chinyezi nthaka, omwe ali ndi chikoka yabwino pa mbewu masamba.

Kuchita awo manja kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira: pati?

Choyamba kukapanda kuleka chithunzi limachokera pa pepala, kumene mfundo zonse anasonyeza ulimi wothirira kasupe malo ndi mphamvu. Anayeza phula pakati pa mizere ya zomera. mukhoza awerenge chiwerengero cha kulankhulana mosavuta kukonzekera kukula.

Ngati mpope waikidwa, malo ake akhoza kukhala aliyense, koma mphamvu ulimi wothirira yokoka wayikidwa kuyandikira kwa zomera.

Pa mabedi anaika kukapanda kuleka hoses kapena malamba. Iwo anamanga wapadera kotunga kukapanda kuleka madzi zomera.

Musanayambe kusonkhana dongosolo la ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka, m'pofunika kukhala zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse ulimi wothirira. Ngati muli zinachitikira, ndi bwino kusankha zawo monga madzi zida ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.

1. A chidebe ndi madzi - mbiya kapena thanki.
2. Waukulu madzi wogawa zobwezedwa ku umene kudyetsedwa kwa nthambi.
3. Kukapanda kuleka payipi kapena tepi.
4. Mavavu kulumikiza kukapanda kuleka tepi wokhometsa.

Iwo ali osavomerezeka ntchito muli zitsulo, kuyambira dzimbiri kumabweretsa clogging wa dongosolo. Ngati izi anatipatsira, kukapanda kuleka chipangizo ulimi wothirira ayenera muli sefa apamwamba.

hoses kukapanda kuleka

Hoses amagulitsidwa coils. peculiarity awo ndi kupereka yofanana madzi onse pa makama, ngakhale mtunda ndi m'goli. Kutalika pazipita kuthirira amusankha pamaziko a zimene m'goli pa chiyambi ndi mapeto a payipi sayenera upambana 10-15%. Nthawi imodzi pa munda kuthirira dontho mokwanira ntchito tepi ndi khoma makulidwe a mamilimita 0.1 kuti 0,3. Iwo kukonza okha kuchokera kumwamba.

Wandiweyani (0.8 mm) kutumikira nyengo 3-4. Zingathenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito yoika mobisa. Awiri a matepi mamilimita 12-22 (wamba kukula - 16 mm). Okhwima chubu 10 kutumikira nyengo. awiri awo ndi 14-25 mm.

Pambuyo kukapanda kuleka mmodzi wa mowa madzi ndi:

• Payipi - 0,6-8 L / h;
• Woonda-mipanda Mzere - 0,25-2,9 L / h;
• wandiweyani mipanda Mzere - 8.2 L / h.

Pakuti malamulo alandira payipi kapena kuponyamo tepi zikugwirizana vavu ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka.

Chomera pafupifupi 1 azitenga 1 lita imodzi ya madzi patsiku, pa tchire - 5 malita nkhuni - malita 10. Awa zimasonyeza, koma oyenera mtima wa mowa okwana. Kukhala enieni, pamene opangidwa kukapanda kuleka 1 chitsamba phwetekere amafuna malita 1.5, chifukwa nkhaka - 2 L mbatata ndi kabichi - 2.5 lita. Zotsatira analandira anawonjezera kuti 20-25% ya katundu ndi anatsimikiza ndi buku Napempha kwa thanki.

Mtunda pakati droppers pafupipafupi yozungulira kubzala ndi zingakhale za masentimita 10 ndi 100. Chilichonse zotuluka imodzi kapena ziwiri. Mumayenda akhoza kukhalabe chomwecho, koma Zikatero, kuya amachepetsa ndipo ukuwonjezeka kuthirira malo. Pabedi mizere 4 anapereka kukapanda kuleka kangaude ndi pogawira zomera 4.

droppers

Droppers angathe kuikidwa pa mipope pulasitiki. Iwo kutulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• ndi kuliika ndalama madzi;
• chosinthika - ndi kusintha Buku la mphamvu ya ulimi wothirira;
• uncompensated - mlingo otaya madzi yafupika pakutha Mabedi;
• kulipidwa - ndi wapadera vavu Kakhungu ndi kupanga sanasiye kutiuza pa kusinthasintha kuthamanga madzi;
• kutayipa "kangaude" - kufalitsa zomera ochepa.

Kunja dropper anaikapo mu chubu pulasitiki imene mabowo ali anamulasa choboolera.

zosefera

Yoyeretsa ya madzi ulimi wothirira mwapadera. Choyamba coarse kusefera, ndiyeno - chabwino. droppers madzi akuda msanga yatsekera.

zovekera kusankhidwa

dongosolo akhoza kukhala zosavuta kumanga, tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito zovekera wapadera ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka.

1. Yambani zolumikizira kwa zophatikiza ndi kukapanda kuleka tepi ndi chitoliro pulasitiki madzi. Iwo amapangidwa ndi mphira gulu kapena kusindikiza kupendekeretsa mtedza. The mokhomerera chitoliro IPA kubowola zibowo nkhuni ndi nsonga wokhudzana ndi mwamphamvu anaikapo chiyambi-zolumikizira kapena wopanda n'kudzandigunda iwo. Lamulo la madzi chofunika ngati mabacteria osiyana zimawononga zochepa kapena kuti okwerera ena kuthirira alternately osiyana.
2. Zovekera kwa ngodya kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira kapena mu mawonekedwe a tees ntchito kulumikiza tepi ndi kusintha m'munda payipi. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito nthambi yake kapena motsatana. Tikufika malo zovekera anapangidwa mawonekedwe a ruff, amene amaonetsetsa zolimba kumangako machubu.
3. Kukonza koyenera ntchito ngati breakage kapena elongation ya tepi kugwera. Ndi kuti olumikiza malekezero a.
4. pulagi waikidwa pa malekezero a tepi kugwera.

Unsembe wa kachitidwe ulimi wothirira kwa n'kupanga woonda-mipanda

Kuti agwirizane madzi m'munda obereketsa polyethylene chubu masentimita 4 awiri, awiri izi yabwino yoti unsembe chiyambi-cholumikizira -. Special Kireni kwa kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira, amene akutumikira pa kugwirizana ndi perforated kukapanda kuleka tepi kuti chitoliro lapansi.

Linapangidwa ndi makulidwe ang'ono ndi Akusonkhanitsa kudzera mavavu. Mabowo zimagwiridwa fupipafupi. Kukapanda kuleka tepi ndi kuvala vavu ndi kuwasokoneza koyenera, ndipo kenako zina mulibe nati pulasitiki. Malekezero a kudzanja atsekedwa ndi mapulagi kapena losindikizidwa ndi apangidwe.

The sangathe ndi otsika mphamvu ya lamba zakuthupi, amene mosavuta kuonongeka ndi makoswe ndi tizilombo. Zizindikiro zina dongosolo limasonyeza yokha yokha pa mbali positive.

Unsembe wa dongosolo ndi machubu ndi anamanga-droppers

Kachitidwe amakhala ndi mphamvu yapamwamba ndi durability kwambiri wamkulu. Amakhala ndi chubu mu zimene ophatikizidwa pa zonse intervals cylindrical dropper. chubu akhoza adzaikidwa padziko nthaka Ufumuyo zogwiriziza, inaimitsidwa pa waya kapena kusuntha kwambiri mu nthaka.

Madzi opanikizika diverges ku mphamvu dongosolo ndipo anagawira bwino, kuchita mabowo ting'onoting'ono. Nkofunika kuti thanki inali msinkhu pamwamba pa nthaka ya 1-1.5 m. Kuchokera wodzala ndi chofunika chokha m'njira yake kudzaza izo, kenako madzi umaperekedwa kwa zomera mchikakamizo yokoka.

Kodi kumwetsa nkhaka?

M'magulu mafakitale ulimi kukapanda kuleka wopangidwa ndi kotunga nkhaka madzi mbewu iliyonse. Kuya kwa mizu ya 15-20 masentimita ndi chinyezi ulamuliro tensiometers anaika kumeneko. Pakuti wamaluwa njira yabwino zilipo, opangidwa kuchokera mabotolo pulasitiki. Iwo anayikidwa pansi kapena chili pamwamba pa nthaka. Kumtunda ayenera kukhala wotsegukira kwa podzala ndi madzi.

1. Yoyamba njira. IV chopangidwa kuchokera ndodo ntchito ku makola ballpoint. Iwo osambitsidwa ndi zatsalira zosungunulira ku phala ndi muffle zikugwirizana mathero. Kumapeto kupanga puncture mu theka ndodo makulidwe. Amamwa kukapanda kuleka anaikapo mu puncture anapanga pansi pa botolo pa msinkhu wa 15-20 cm. Kenako thanki ladzala ndi madzi ndipo anaika pafupi tchire, kwa chinyezi amapatsidwa muzu.
2. Yachiwiri njira. botolo kupanga mabowo pa msinkhu wonse, chichokereni ku pansi ndi 3-5 cm. Izo ndiye anaika pansi mpaka akuya masentimita 20. kupotoza Nkhata Bay nadzaza kudzera pamwamba pa beseni madzi. A khosi botolo akhoza kukumba pansi, pambuyo kudula pansi kupyolera mu zomwe yabwino zina kudzaza ndi madzi. Kuti mabowo si mutadzala pansi, kunja botolo atakulungidwa needled nsalu ntchito ngati chophimba zakuthupi greenhouses.
3. Njira yachitatu. Mabotolo wodzazidwa ndi madzi, akhoza inaimitsidwa pamwamba pansi, punctures mabowo chivindikiro lapansi.

Botolo kukapanda kuleka nkhaka zothandiza mogwirizana ndi chuma, ngati palibe kufunika ndalama pa zipangizo. The sangathe ndi zovuta unsembe malo aakulu. The ndondomeko ya kudzaza madzi - zovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri mutadzala dzenje nthaka. Ngakhale izi tikhoza kuona phindu la kukapanda kuleka. Reviews kunena kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri greenhouses yaing'ono.

A zonse kutsirira nkhaka mu greenhouses lalikulu kubala yabwino kudutsa mu kachitidwe centralized ndi droppers kampani.

Zipangizo ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka: Makinawa

Makinawa kuthirira dongosolo pamafunika ndalama zipangizo, koma chifukwa cha nthawi yambiri adzapulumuka ndi zokolola compensates kwa ndalama. Zofunika kwambiri chigawo chimodzi cha dongosolo ndiye Mtsogoleri kapena powerengetsera izo popanda alowererepo anthu. Otsiriza kwapatsidwa kokha pafupipafupi ndi nthawi ya Reflux. Powerengetsera ndi electromechanical kapena magetsi. Mtsogoleri kungathe pulogalamu kuthirira, amene amaganizira kuthamanga mu dongosolo, anapereka kuthirira m'zinthu ndi tsiku ndipo kudawerengedwa kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha.

Kachitidwe yosavuta chithunzi cha zida kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira amapereka njira imodzi, chiwerengero cha njira dera zovuta akhoza kutenga yaitali. Tikayang'ana ndemanga, wamaluwa odziwa amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zakale zingapo zosavuta ntchito pa mapulogalamu mwachindunji.

Pofuna kudalira gwero mphamvu, m'pofunika kupeza chipangizo, ntchito ku mabatire ochepa AA.

Makinawa kukapanda kuleka Eliya madzi amafunika mpope. mphamvu zizigwirizana ndi mowa. limagwirira The kukhale kwapafupi, osati phokoso, ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri mu dongosolo monga feteleza ndi.

Pomaliza

Ngakhale ulimi ambiri padziko, alibe zinthu zina nyengo, kuchepekedwa madzi ndi ndalama mphamvu zotsatira mu kufunika kwa ntchito zida makamaka ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka. Kusankha pano zimatengera pa nyengo, mtunda, mitundu ya mbewu, ndi zinthu zina.

Nkofunika pulani ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo la ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka kuchepetsa mosavuta zolephera ndi tisawononge nthawi kukonza ndi kukonzanso ntchito.