Kuyang'ana pa nkhuni zojambula ndi acrylic, pepala, mafuta, alkyd, varnish

Mwachizoloŵezi, mtengo umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando ndi zomangamanga. Kutchuka kwake kwa nkhuni kumalongosola ubwino wa zinthu zachibadwa izi. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengowo ndi wopanda mphamvu komanso wogwiritsira ntchito bwino, choncho zipangizo zamakono zowonongeka zimakhala zowonjezereka. Mitengo yokongoletsera kujambula imakuthandizani kuti mukhale ochepetsetsa komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wa kumaliza nkhuni, kuwonjezera moyo wawo.

Cholinga chopangira nkhuni

Nthaŵi zina mwini nyumba aliyense amafunika kupenta kunja kwa matabwa, zipangizo zamkati ndi mipando. Pankhaniyi, m'zinthu zambiri momwe nthawi yawo ikuyendera ikukhudzidwa ndi ubwino wa zipangizo zomaliza ndi ntchito yawo yolondola. Nthaŵi zambiri, musanayambe kujambula pamwamba, kumayambiriro kojambula kumapangidwira nkhuni zojambula.

Malinga ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi malo, matabwa amapangidwa ku zisonkhezero zosiyanasiyana, kuvulaza ndi kuwononga zinthuzo. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuwonekera mwachindunji kwa mazira a UV, omwe amachititsa kutentha kwa matabwa, kuyanika ndi kupukuta;
• Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kumapangitsa kutupa ndi kusokoneza nkhuni, kubereka kwa bowa ndi nkhungu, kukula kwa kuvunda;
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timene timatha kuwononga ndi kuwononga ngakhale nyumba zomangidwa bwino.

Ubwino wa primer kwa nkhuni

Chomera chilichonse pamtengo wojambula chimakhala ndi katundu amene amalimbitsa matabwa, kuwateteza kuti asawonongeke komanso kumapanga utoto wodalirika. Kumaliza kupukutira chifukwa choyendetsa kumatenga nthawi yaitali, popanda kukwera. Onani kuti mtengo wamtengo wapatali pa nkhuni ndi wochepa poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa pepala.

Zina mwa ubwino wogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamuwa ndi awa:

• Kulowera kozama mu zipangizo zothandizira, kuperewera kwabwino ndi kuumitsa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti apereke mtengo waukulu ku nkhuni zakale. Kuwotcha nkhuni zojambula powalowa mkati mwa nkhuni, kudzaza ming'alu yaing'ono ndi pores, kuteteza mosamala chiwonongeko chifukwa cha chinyezi chachikulu.
• Amachepetsa absorbency wa nkhuni.
• Katemera wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimalepheretsa maonekedwe a nkhungu ndi kuwonongeka kwa nkhuni, kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mapulosi a nkhuni, mukhoza kupanga chitetezo ndi kupatukana kwa nkhuni zakale. Kuonjezera apo, matabwa achilengedwe ali ndi utoto wa chilengedwe, womwe umasonyeza kusudzulana kosagwirizana ndi mtundu wa utoto. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mapulogalamu kumathandiza kuti muteteze motsutsana ndi zochitika zoterozo pakatha kumaliza. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe onsewa, chiyambi cha kujambula pansi pa utoto chimapeza ndemanga zabwino zokha.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zapamwamba za dothi, choyamba ndi kofunika kuti muzitsatira nkhunizo ndi zolemba zoyenera za ntchito ya mkati kapena kunja.

Kunyada ndilofunika kwambiri ku nyumba zoterezi:

- ali mu zipinda zomwe zimadziwika ndi mkulu chinyezi, ndi mwa iwo omwe amakumana ndi makoma akunja;

- kuyika mafelemu a mawindo, mipanda, zitseko, zinthu zam'mwamba zadenga zowonongeka ndi zosiyana siyana;

- ali ndi mwayi waukulu wa kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo.

Mitundu yoyamba

Mitengo ndi mastics ya nkhuni imakhala ndi zinthu zopanga mafilimu (mafuta, guluu, resin, bitumeni) ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu monga mawonekedwe, mapulasitiki, ndi zina zotero. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino zotsatila kumapeto, ndikofunikira kusankha ndi kugula choyambira pa nkhuni zoyenera.

Alkyd ayamba

Zojambula za Alkyd ndi zizindikiro zake zophatikizapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popenta zinthu zamatabwa . Maonekedwe a nthaka iyi ndi ofanana ndi enamel, komabe ali ndi mtengo wotsika komanso mitundu yambiri yothira. Kujambula pamtengo popangira zojambulajambula ndi pepala lopangidwa bwino kumapanga kanyumba kamodzi, pamene akupanga zokutira madzi. Kuyanika kumatenga maola 10-15. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa ndi madzi.

Acry primers

Chomera chosungunuka m'madzi chojambula chithunzi cha acrylic acrylic chimawonekera chifukwa chakuti ndizofunikira zogwiritsa ntchito matabwa osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangidwira mozama muzitsulo, popanda kupanga filimu yowoneka pamwamba pa mtengo. Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito akrikiki primer kumachitika awiri kapena atatu zigawo. Alibe fungo lakuthwa, imakhala mkati mwa maola angapo.

Epoxy ndi polyurethane zoyamba

Zapangidwa malinga ndi epoxy resins kapena polyurethane. Chomera ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nkhuni zojambula ndi varnish ndi zojambula zosiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi izi zimakhala zofanana ndi mavitamini, koma zimasiyanasiyana ndi chiwerengero chochuluka cha mankhwala osakaniza komanso kusowa kwa zina. Kugula choyambirira chotero, muyenera kuwerenga mosamalitsa zomwe zikuchitika, chifukwa kusintha kwa nthaka kuchokera kwa opanga osiyana kungapangitse mosiyana kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwake.

Silicone-acrylic acrylic primers

Chomera choterechi chimadzaza matabwa a nkhuni, kulimbikitsa ndikupanga hydrophobizing dura layer. Zokonzeka kukonzekera zazitali zamatabwa zojambulidwa ndi latex, alkyd, pepala lobalalika.

Antiseptic primers

Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake, primer ili ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (pesticidal, fungicidal) ndi zina zothandiza. Chomera choterechi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera nkhuni ndi bowa ndi nkhungu zosiyanasiyana komanso kutetezera kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo tosiyanasiyana.

Munda wa Shellac

Chomera ichi chimapangidwira kuti azidzipatula pazitsulo pamagulu a nkhuni za coniferous. Nthakayi imatha kuchepetsa zotsatira za utomoni wotulutsidwa ndi zinthu, zomwe zimaphwanya kapangidwe ka maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe a mapeto. Komanso, nthaka imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga insulator ya stala yosungunuka madzi.

Mafuta oyambira

Kukopa nkhuni zojambula ndi mafuta opangira mafuta kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zapamwamba kale kapena kuti zikhale zowonjezereka (chifukwa chaichi chiwerengerocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi.

Olifa

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati puloteni pansi pa kuvala mafuta odzola. Kuyikidwa uku kumalowa mkati mwa nkhuni masentimita angapo, kuteteza chitetezo ku zotsatira za kutentha kwambiri ndi kuvunda. Lembani kwambiri mapepala a mafuta kumalo oyambira.

Styrene primer

Anayambitsa pulogalamu yomwe imateteza nkhuni kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka. Chomera choterechi chimapangitsa kuti zipangizozi zisamangidwe kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kujambula ndi miyala ya alkyd ndi mafuta-phthalic.

Kuyamika nkhuni pojambula ndi manja awo

Musanagwiritse ntchito pulasitiki pamtengo, muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizo ochokera kwa opanga. Asanayambe kugwira ntchito, pulogalamuyi imadulidwa mosamala kwa mphindi zingapo kuti idzaze zonse zomwe zimapangika ndi mtengo.

Musanayambe kudandaula, nkofunika kwambiri kukonzekera nkhuni. Pachifukwachi, dothi, mafuta amawononga, fumbi, phula, zipangizo zakale komanso zinthu zakunja zimachotsedwa pamwamba pake. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito burashi lamtundu wolimba kapena katswiri wazitsulo polongolera nkhuni. Chotsatira chake, malo olimba komanso ozama ayenera kupezeka pansi pa chiyambi.

Choyambiriracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi pepala lopaka, mfuti kapena burashi. Komanso, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:

• Kuchita kumachitika pa kutentha kwa madigiri 5-30 ndi kutsika kwa chinyezi cha mpweya;
• Kupanga mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe a zigawo zambiri za pulasitiki zimalowa mu nkhuni mozama;
• Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, fiberboard kapena plywood.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni kuchokera kumadontho a softwood, utomoni wochotsedwa umachotsedwa ndi chitsulo spatula, ndiye umadulidwa mchenga pamwamba ndi pfumbi-kutsukidwa.