Mabungwe Microfinance: mndandanda. Microfinance bungwe - ziri ...

Today ife kulankhula za chimene chimapanga microfinance mabungwe (MFIs), ndi ndalama alipo, amene amayang'anira ntchito yawo, ndipo kodi tingapindule kutenga kuchokera kwa iwo wobwereka. Koma poyamba pa zonse zofunika tanthauzo la mawu akuti yokha.

microfinance Kodi

Chikadzangotha M'mawu ake oyamba, mawu akuti "microfinance" amatanthauza akubwereketsa ntchito, zomwe zinaperekedwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe. Njira imeneyi inali angakwanitse kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ndondomeko kuti anali pochitika kuti apeze ngongole ntchito ngati banki mwachizolowezi.

Komabe, pa nthawi akuti wataya tanthauzo wapachiyambi. MFIs akhalabe kupereka ngongole malonda, koma tsopano makasitomala awo ndi anthu. Iwo anapatsidwa mwayi kuti ngongole yaying'ono - ndi m'kanthawi ngongole kuti sikutanthauza kupenda mosamalitsa mkhalidwe wachuma wa wobwereka ndi kreditoplatezhnosti.

MFI - ndichiyani?

Choncho, microfinance bungwe - sanali banki bungwe, amene ntchito kwambiri za akukongoza malonda ndi anthu. Izi ngongole kupereka chiwembu wosalira zambiri kuposa kubanki. Monga gulu lina lililonse, kumaliza ntchito ya MFIs muyenera likulu. MFI angathe kukopa zinthu zosiyanasiyana magwero. Woyamba ndi mkulu kuchuluka kwa ngongole mwapatsidwa, komanso mogwirizana ndi ndalama. Iwo akhoza kukhala anthu ndi mabungwe kubanki. Zikatero, ndi MFI ndi wocheperapo wa Bank.

Phunzirani MFI pakati pa magulu ena ndalama chabe. Iwo kukopa tcheru ndi mawu otsatsira malonda ake mu mzimu wa "Ndalama kulipira", "Mawu kwa mphindi 15," "Quick Money" ndi zina zotero. D. ntchito yawo kufalitsidwa ku madera ambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mabungwe awa zosaposa 1-2 anthu.

mitundu ya MFIs

Aliyense dziko imalongosola maganizo ake MFIs ndi chimango milanduyi. komanso Mzimuyo mawonekedwe a kalembera. Muyezo waukulu, zimene zikusonyeza kuti mukufuna microfinance bungwe - dongosolo chidule cha ngongole. Choncho, onse wovomerezeka ndi malamulo nyumba sanali banki kuti anachita akubwereketsa njira zimenezi zikhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu zotsatirazi:

• Financial gulu.
• Fund kwa entrepreneurship Support.
• Union Mawu.
• Mawu Society.
• Mawu a bungwe.
• Mawu amandimvera.

Monga tanenera kale, MFIs ambiri bulanchi a mabanki. Zinthu zimenezi kale opindulitsa kwambiri. chakuti banki ali mwayi kukongoza pa chiwongola dzanja kuti ali kangapo kuposa chikalata mwachindunji ndi iye. Mwachibadwa, pali chiopsezo chachikulu kuti ngongole imeneyi kudzakuthandizani kukhalabe kwambiri.

Amene imayang'anira ntchito ya MFIs

Thupi waukulu oyang'anira ntchito ya MFIs, ndi Bank chapakati cha boma yomwe gulu alipo. Pulogalamuyo zinthu izi limanenanso Bank wa Central. mabungwe Microfinance ayenera kukhala mu mkhalidwe m'kaundula. Komanso, iwo akhoza kupeza chilolezo mabungwe amene kulamulira ntchito mabungwe a zachuma.

FZ "Pa Microfinance mabungwe"

Ngati ife kulankhula za Russia, pali mzere wa ntchito anaonekera osati kale. Choncho, malamulo amene amalamulira zochita zawo, anatengedwa zaka zingapo zapitazo. Pa nthawi, pali malamulo awiri kuti zonse microfinance:

• FZ "Pa microfinance ndi microfinance mabungwe" (anatengera pa 02.07.2010).
• FZ "Pa kusinthidwa kwa ena Machitidwe Zokonza la Chitaganya cha Russia mogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chilamulo Federal" Pa microfinance ndi microfinance mabungwe "(anatengera pa 05.07.2010).

Malinga ndi malamulo, pali zofooka za maonekedwe ndi malamulo zopereka. Ngati ife kulankhula za kuchuluka kwambiri ngongole, ndiye sayenera oposa 1 miliyoni rubles. Pa nthawi yomweyo analetsa issuance wa ngongole ndalama zakunja, kaya ndalama. Pankhani ya banki ndalama alandire zopereka, amene kukula osachepera oposa 1.5 miliyoni (wina depositor).

Komanso, zonse MFIs Russia ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mudziwe pa ankayendetsa zachuma a borrowers adzapulumuka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngongole ya MFIs alibe ufulu amafuna makonzedwe a manambala a foni a "abwenzi" amene akhoza lipoti malipiro mochedwa pansi pa pangano ngongole, ngati palibe kuthekera kwa kukhudzana ndi wobwereka lapansi.

Kuyamikira

Akukhulupirira kuti MFI ndi wokonzeka amanena kuti pafupifupi aliyense amene amachititsa kuchonderera. Koma zimenezi si zoona. Patsogolo ntchito ndi kasitomala, bungwe lirilonse ayenera kupeza creditworthiness makasitomala a. Kuchita izi, ntchito ngongole kugoletsa. Zimenezi zimathandiza wobwereka angathe kulandira ngongole kapena kukana kwa mphindi 10-15. Komanso msonkhano uno ngakhale likupezeka pa Intaneti.

Mawu kugoletsa - dongosolo la kusanthula wobwereka kulipira, ozikidwa pa aligorivimu zina ndi kuyendetsedwa ndi processing wa munthu deta. The chifukwa cha processing deta chimaoneka mu mfundo. Chotero chiwembu solvency ya kasitomala ntchito pafupifupi onse mabungwe microfinance. The ngongole Choncho mwapatsidwa si wantchito wa MFI, ndi mapulogalamu a pakompyuta, chifukwa tikudziwa zotsatira za ntchito yake zimadalira chisankho.

Ngati zotsatira za ngongole kugoletsa angathe wobwereka ndi zosungunulira, ngongole iye akhoza kuzitenga pafupifupi tsiku lomwelo. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zomwe chikalata ngongole zambiri zosakwana amene analengeza poyamba. mfundo ndi yakuti mothandizidwa ndi ngongole kugoletsa kungakhale mosapita zambiri ngoziyo creditworthiness wa makasitomala kuposa chokhazikika pa maganizo ake, omwe kaŵirikaŵiri kukambapo.

Chidwi kuchita masamu tsiku lililonse, osati mwezi kapena chaka, monga momwe zilili ndi mabanki. Choncho, ambiri MFI ngongole ndi chikalata yekha kwa milungu iwiri kapena mwezi. Apo ayi, overpayment ngongole ya akafuna kuchuluka kuti ndi kawiri kapena katatu kuposa amene wobwereka walandira.

Msungidwe

Tiyenera kulankhula mwatsatanetsatane za kumene MFI amalandira likulu lake. The microfinance gulu akhoza kugwirizana ndi ndalama. Popeza kuti boma sapereka chitsimikizo zake madipoziti mu MFIs kuti aganyali iwo ndalama zanu ndi oopsa. Pali lalikulu chiopsezo zokwanira kuti Investor apeza alibe chidwi, komanso kutaya zopereka zawo. Pakuika mabungwe microfinance kuti chiwerengero kusiyana kwa gawo banki :

1. Ndalama kuti akhoza kuwapeza ndalama zimenezi, banki kuposa nthawi 1.5-2.
2. Mavuto ZOWONJEZERA, motero, komanso apamwamba kwambiri.
3. Pa nkhani ya ndalama mu MFI oyambirira achire zopereka nthawi zambiri sizingatheke (kupatulapo - kuti zimenezi zina chinanena mu mgwirizano). Banks bwino otere amayenda mwa lamulo Investor.
4. The Investor amalandira ndalama kuchokera MFIs kulipira boma msonkho. Bank madipoziti adzakhala msonkho yekha zina.

Monga mukuonera, zokolola za ndalama za si mkulu, koma chiopsyezo chotenga pazipita. Komanso kumawonjezera kwambiri pa mavuto azachuma, pamene ambiri borrowers zikuchepa yafupika mlingo ndalama. Ngati bungwe otere dipo, ndi Investor sadzatha kubwerera ngakhale amathandiza, osanenapo chiwerengero, chifukwa amakonda microfinance bungwe - bungwe amene alibe chuma kuti Akadagulitsidw ngongole.

Lolemekezeka kutsogolera MFIs Russia

Ngakhale mavuto onse ndi ziwawa chidwi pa ngongole, anthu ambiri amaoneka chaka chilichonse, amene adza kwa mabungwe microfinance. Mndandanda wa makampani amenewa zikuchulukirachulukira pamodzi ndi kufunika kwa zithandizozi. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi:

1. "Platiza".
2. MoneyMan.
3. "Bystrodengi".
4. "Ngongole".
5. "MigKredit".
6. "Zaymer".
7. VIVA ndalama.
8. "Mani Fanny."
9. "Rusmikrofinans".
10. MFI "Summit".

Microfinance mabungwe mndandanda wa lopatsidwa pamwamba, kutenga pamwamba malo khumi kutsogolera kusanja, lomwe linapangidwa malinga ndi zokhumba owerenga ndi pafupipafupi akutchula pa TV.

m'malo mapeto

Poganizira ubwino onse ndi kuipa kwa bungwe zimenezi, Ndizachidziwikire kuti ngongole makampani awa ndi opanda pake mu malo oyamba wobwereka lapansi. Microfinance bungwe - bungwe kuti linalengedwa cholinga akulandira. Choncho, MFI zingakhale zosangalatsa ku mawonedwe kunyakhe.

Komabe, umbuli ndalama anthu ambiri ndi chizolowezi tikukhala mu thandizo ngongole kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mabungwe amenewa mu dziko. Chinthu chachikulu kuti anthu ayambe - ndi ngongole mosavuta, palibe kufunika phukusi la zolembedwa, chiphaso mwamsanga ndalama ndalama, ndi mphamvu za ngongole ngakhale anthu amene akhala owonongedwa ngongole mbiri.