Mkuyu mtengo - kum'mwera chimphona

Mkuyu mtengo - wotchuka kum'mwera mtengo, osati chifukwa n'zosatheka kuiwala, kuona kamodzi. mabuku onse a Kum'mawa - prose, ndakatulo, nthano - ikulongosola zonse za mbewu zazikulu. Chimakula chimphona mamita 50 circumference thunthu mwina 20 mamita. sprawling amatupitsa, wandiweyani, ndi mabanga makungwa amafanana nsangalabwi, monga makungwa peels kutali mamba zonse zazikulu, kuvumbula imvi wobiriwira, yosalala pamwamba.
Mitundu ya 10 za mtengo umenewu amapezeka odziwika atatu: Platanus orientalis, kapena mkuyu, mkuyu kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera masamba mapulo (wosakanizidwa). Mkuyu ndi ambiri mu Caucasus, Central Asia (Pamir, Altai), mu Crimea. Mu Armenia, malo ali ndi ndege mtengo yakhalapo, kukuchitika kwa mahekitala 50. Nthawi zambiri pali magulu a zomera m'zigwa mtsinje, mu m'zigwa, komanso pakati m'nkhalango za mapiri.

Mkuyu mtengo wamango msanga, m'chaka kufika pa 2 mamita ndi moyo kwa nthawi yaitali, makope osiyana - zaka 2 zikwi .. Maple masamba mawonekedwe, m'lifupi mwake 20 cm. Amatupitsa wandiweyani kuti akhoza kuphimba mvula kudera la mamita angapo lalikulu.

Ndege (chithunzi cm. Pamwamba) limakula bwino pa yonyowa, dothi bwino chatsanulidwa, koma akuvutika dothi zoipa ndi zamchere. Kodi chidwi umapulumuka ndipo ikukula mofulumira m'mizinda ikuluikulu, ndi akuyankha fodya, mankhwala mpweya. Choncho akulimbikitsidwa chodzala m'mapaki m'misewu otanganidwa, kuti akonze njira mtengo-alimbane. Akumutsutsa kutentha pansi kwa -15 ° C. Zipatso yozungulira, m'mimba mwake 2.5 cm, munali mbewu, mtedza. Zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Asanadzalemo iwo madzi okhaokha kwa tsiku ndiyeno anabzala pa akuya theka mita.

Mkuyu mtengo mosavuta nakulitsa m'mayiko kum'mwera. Namuika iye pa akasupe ngalande, mu sukulu, mipingo. Analimbikitsa kubzala oases pamodzi mitsinje ulimi wothirira.

Dziko ndi kukula m'dera la kumadzulo mkuyu - North America. Ndi m'munsi (kutalika kwa mamita 35), mbewu zing'onozing'ono, makungwa mtundu - kuwala wobiriwira. Musawope ozizira -35 ° C. Mu US, analenga ochepa mkuyu m'minda.

Grove mitengo ndege mu chipululu ndi misewu kuti panali anthu, anali kunyumba, anali caravanserais za silika Road. mitengo okomawa anakonda ulemu ndi Agiriki, Aperisiya, Central Asia mitundu kuyambira nthawi zakale makamaka mfundo yakuti pogona kwa kutentha, mthunzi ndi kuzizira. Mtundu wachitatu - mkuyu klenolistny. Chimakula mu Ukraine, Belarus ndi ku Central Asia. Nakulitsa kwa zaka zambiri.

The mitengo akale ngakhale maina awo. Asayansi akuyesetsa kudziwa zaka zina zimphona mu mayiko a ku Mediterranean ndi ku Central Asia. Akuti zaka zoposa 2 zikwi. Zaka. Mu Turkmenistan, pafupi likulu, pali chimphona ndi mitengo ikuluikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri. Njirayi imatchedwa "Zisanu Abale". Mu Azerbaijan, pafupi m'mudzi. Agdash, ndi akale mtengo 500 chaka ndi mitengo ikuluikulu anayi. Mu yaikulu mtengo dzenje zinali kamodzi teahouse, amene akhoza kumakhalamo anthu khumi. Ndipo Sherabad mkuyu amatha kuika mwa thunthu ngakhale yaing'ono Muslim sukulu.

Amene nthawi zambiri anasankhidwa chifukwa chodzala ya mkuyu mtengo klenolistny - wosakanizidwa a kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Ndi kwambiri Hardy, amakula bwino mu kanjira pakati, mofulumira ndipamene korona. Zimenezi, mawu ambiri, mkuyu - kum'mwera wokongola Akumenya ukulu wake wodzikuza.