Msika Financial monga mmodzi wa levers chitukuko zachuma

Aliyense dziko ili yake mabungwe ena azachuma, zimene zingakhale zosiyana m'njira zambiri: mtundu wa ntchito, kukula, mndandanda wa ntchito. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo, mabungwe onse a mtundu uwu ndi chiwerengero cha ntchito wamba, amene sadalira mtunda ndi makonsolo zinthu: angathe chuma ndi kukhazikitsa ojambula padziko lonse.

msika Loan kapena msika chuma - mtundu wa limagwirira amene amapereka reallocation likulu pakati borrowers ndi obwereketsa mothandizidwa ndi intermediaries. Msika chuma ndi kayendetsedwe ka gulu mawonekedwe - akonzedwa a akubwereketsa mabungwe amene kusamutsa kwa wobwereka kuti eni ndalama, ndi mosemphanitsa.

Financial msika: chikhalidwe ndi ntchito

Loan likulu - ndi maziko a apuma misika ndalama monga waukulu "mankhwala" mu msika ndalama ndi ndalama amagulitsa, kugula ndi kutenga mu mawonekedwe a ngongole. Msika ndalama wapangidwa ndalama msika (zimene pamapeto, muli interbank msika, Nkhani msika ndi ndalama msika) ndi misika likulu (tichipeza msika wa masheya ndi msika wa sing'anga-akuti ndi yaitali ngongole). Ndalama msika umaimiridwa ndi ntchito yochepa ngongole (chaka chimodzi). Market Capital "chinkhoswe" m'matangadza, mgwirizano, medium- ndi ngongole nthawi yaitali. Mawu a msika katundu wa boma, banki ndi makampani chuma yaitali ndalama.

The interbank msika - ndi mbali yofunika likulu msika ngongole mu msika mongoyembekezera ufulu ndalama anaika pakati pa magombe mu mawonekedwe a madipoziti interbank kwa kanthawi. Pa mlandu mankhwala zipangizo zoimbira waukulu msika amapatsa m'manja ndi madzi - izo ngongole ndi ngongole yochepa. Ndalama misika tikuchita ndi magalimoto mayiko malipiro ndi zofuna ndalama za anthu (malamulo ndi thupi) a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Ntchito yaikulu ya msika chuma: lomasuliridwa ndalama yochepa ulesi mu likulu ngongole. msika Financial, ngati misika zonse, amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina:

- yolimbikitsa ndipo kudzikundikira ndalama yochepa ufulu. Msika chuma amapereka njira zosiyana pakuika ndalama kupanga ndalama kuchokera ndalama yochepa zochuluka akhoza aganyali sheya kapena kutsegula akaunti gawo mu banki. M'tsogolo kuti apeze ndalama zokwanira kugulitsa masheya kapena kutenga ngongole ku banki.

- kufalitsa ndalama ufulu. Msika chuma amapereka kayendedwe ka likulu pakati pa mafakitale osiyana. msika lili likulu ndalama zofunika nthawi ndi dongosolo. Free ndalama pamodzi mu wambirimbiri, zokwanira ndalama, ndipo kenako n'kukhala likulu ngongole.

- redistributive ntchito. Mwamsanga pamene onse a ndalama asonkhanitsidwa ndi kugawidwa kwa msika chuma ntchito yaikulu amakhala ntchito kubweretsa kayendedwe zonse ndi kufalitsa ndalama.

- chikusintha Mwachangu wa chuma. chuma akhoza kugwira ngati gulu zonse ndalama pakati makampani, anthu, mabanki, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono ndi boma. Limagwirira chachikulu kuika izi zonse likulu, ndi msika chuma.

Kuwonjezera pa reallocation ndalama mu msika chuma pali kwenikweni kusokonekera ndi mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mupereka mnzanu ngongole, ndipo sadzabwerera, ndi chiopsezo cha kusakhulupirika adzakhala ndi mtima wonse, ndipo inu osati palibe phindu, komanso ndalama zawo. Koma ngati inu ikani ndalama za mu nkhani gawo mu banki, ndipo bwenzi kwanu kuchitidwe mu ngongole kubanki, ngozi za kusakhulupirika ndi anagawira pa gombe. Ndipo udzapeza ndalama chidwi zina kuchokera kaikidwe ka ndalama yochepa ufulu.