Museum of History ya OAO GAZ, Nizhny Novgorod: njira yogwirira ntchito, umboni wa alendo

Kuwonjezereka kofulumira kwa Soviet Union kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi atatu ndi zitatu kunapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito yomwe inakhala chizindikiro cha nthawi yake. Iyi ndi GAZ yotchuka - chomera cha galimoto pamphepete mwa Volga. Misewu ya dziko lathu sitingathe kulingalira popanda makina akubwera kuchokera pamsonkhanowu. Nyuzipepala ya mbiri ya GAZ, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa pamalo omwe amapanga malo ophunzitsira mafakitale, ikuperekedwa ku ntchito ya chimphona cha makampani oyendetsa galimoto. Kodi ziwonetsero zake zimati chiyani?

Museum of History ndi Glorious Labor GAS

Pogwiritsa ntchito maofesi awiri pa malo ophunzitsira mafakitale, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imathandiza oitanidwawo kuti aone zokopa zambiri za ziwonetsero zomwe zikuimira njira yonse ya nthawi yayitali ya malonda. Iwo amaposa zikwi makumi atatu ndi zisanu. Pamwamba pamwamba, zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa kuti uyambe ulendowu, zikalata zimayikidwa zomwe zimapereka ndondomeko ya kukula kwa zomera kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa zaka zitatu kufikira nthawi ino.

Kubadwa kwa chimanga chachikulu cham'tsogolo

Alendo pa chionetserochi adzaphunzira momwe mu 1929 boma la dzikoli linakhazikitsa mgwirizano ndi Amerika - atsogoleri a magalimoto a zaka zapitazo, malinga ndi zomwe azimayi akunja a kunja kwa dziko adadzipereka okha kuthandiza kuthetsa kupanga magalimoto a magulu osiyanasiyana m'dziko lathu.

Nyumba yomangayi inafotokozedwa kuti Nizhny Novgorod, m'zaka zomwe zimatchedwa AM Gorky. Ntchitoyi, yomwe idatha nthawi yomweyo, inatenga nthawi yochepa, ndipo mu 1932 dziko linatenga galimoto yoyamba - NAZ-AA imodzi ndi theka, yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi Ford-AA ya America.

Nkhondo isanayambe nkhondo mu moyo wa malonda

Panthawi yomweyi Gorky Automobile Plant inayamba kupanga magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto - GAZ-A model. Zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri nthawi imeneyo, "phaeton" ndi thupi lotseguka zisanu. Ngakhale kuti iye anali ndi mapasa ake a ku America, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuyambira pachiyambi oyambitsa zomera anayamba kugwira ntchito zamakono zamakono a ku America ndipo, pokonzanso zojambulazo, adzipanga okha malingaliro awo.

Kufikira kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo, chomera cha Gorky chinapanga mphamvu zake ndikuzidziwa zatsopano zogulitsa mankhwala. Mu 1935, adakhala kampani yoyamba yamagalimoto ku USSR kuti apange galimoto yokwana 100,000, ndipo chaka chisanayambe nkhondo, malonda a makampani a galimoto padziko lonse-wotengera SUV GAZ-61-73-amasiyanitsa ndi chitonthozo chochuluka chinachokera ku chipata chake. Pazaka zisanayambe nkhondo, makonzedwe apangidwe a malondawa anapanga zida zambiri zonyamula katundu zokhudzana ndi zosowa za ankhondo.

Nyumba ya OAO GAZ ya Museum of History imapereka ziwonetsero zogwiritsira ntchito ntchito yazamasamba kwa alendo ake. Pazaka izi, zogulitsa zake zinali makamaka zogwirizana ndi zosowa za kutsogolo, ndipo, pamodzi ndi magalimoto a magulu ankhondo, magalimoto ankhondo anatsitsidwa kuchokera kumalo ogulitsa katundu.

Mu October ndi December 1941, zina zowonjezera zitsulo zowonjezera T-60 ndi T-70 zinawonjezeredwa, zowonjezeredwa ndi kusintha kambiri, ndipo kenako - T-80. Kwa zaka zinayi za nkhondo Gorky Automobile Plant inapatsa asilikali magulu oposa zikwi khumi ndi ziwiri, zidutswa zikwi zisanu ndi zinayi zokha, komanso chiwerengero chachikulu cha matope ndi zipolopolo za malo otchuka a Katyusha.

Nthano za magalimoto nkhondo itatha

Komanso nyumba yosungiramo zochitika zakale za Open Society GAS imadziwitsa alendo ndi momwe zaka zoyambirira za nkhondo zotsatila nkhondo zakhala zikusinthika. M'malo mwa zitsanzo zamakhalidwe osayera kunabwera njira yatsopano. Mu 1946, kampaniyi inadziwa kupanga "Mgonjetso M-20" wotchuka komanso galimoto ya GAZ-51 yokhala ndi matani awiri ndi theka. Pamene anayamba kupanga, nthawi yatsopano ya makampani a Soviet automotive inatsegulidwa.

Chitsanzo cha "Volga GAZ-21" ndipo zonse zomwe zasinthidwa zinasinthadi, ndipo zambiri zomwe zimapezeka masiku ano zimapezeka pamsewu wa Russia, komanso galimoto ya GAZ-63. Palibe chifukwa chowerengera chirichonse chomwe chomera pa mabanki a Volga chinapindulitsa galimoto ya dzikoli. Zogulitsa zake zimadziwika kwa aliyense, ndipo nyumba yosungirako zolemba mbiri ya OAO GAZ imapatsa alendo ake mwayi woti awone, komanso magalimoto omwe amadziwika kuyambira ali ana, omwe amveka kapena kuwerengedwa m'mabuku.

Ngati mumawona ndemanga za alendo, ndiye kuti zikhoza kuoneka kuti m'gawo lino la nyumba yosungirako zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndizolemba zoyambirira zomwe zimapezeka m'mabuku osiyanasiyana a dzikoli. Iwo ndi mboni zapitazo za chomera, amanena za ulemerero wake. Kuonjezera apo, kuweruza ndi ndemanga, alendo a nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale amakopeka ndi zitsanzo za zankhondo za nkhondo, zomwe zikuwonetsedwanso pa chionetserochi.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi chidutswa cha bomba la Germany limene linagwera m'dera la zomera ndipo silinatuluke. Kawirikawiri, zolembedwera zomwe zili mu bukhu la alendo komanso pa webusaiti ya museum, zimasonyeza kuti chiwonetserochi chimasiya munthu aliyense.

Magalimoto ndi mboni zakale

Atatha kumudziwa bwino malo omwe ali pamwamba pa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, alendo amatsika, kumene nyumba yosungirako zolemba mbiri ya OAO GAZ (Nizhny Novgorod) yasonkhanitsa magalimoto enieni omwe anasonkhana pamsonkhanowo pa nthawi yonse ya kukhalako kwake. Apa pali magalimoto makumi awiri mphambu asanu ndi anai, omwe amapezeka ndi kubwezeretsedwa ndi antchito a museum.

Onse a iwo akugwira ntchito ndipo ali okonzeka ngakhale tsopano kuchoka pazipata za malonda. Zina mwa izo pali zitsanzo, zomwe ndizosowa kwambiri masiku athu ano ndipo ziri zonyada za museum. Holo ya m'munsi ndi chithunzithunzi cha moyo chomwe chithunzi chakumtunda chinatiuza. Kumuchezera kudzakondweretsa akulu ndi ana. Zithunzi za ziwonetsero zawonetsedwezi zimaperekedwa pa webusaiti yathu.

Nyumba yosungiramo nyumba ku Volga ikudikirira alendo ake

Amene akufuna chidwi ndi mbiri ya Soviet and Russian makampani komanso omwe adzapite ku Nizhny Novgorod, mosakayikira, zidzakhala zothandiza kukayendera malo oyang'anira mbiri ya OAO GAZ. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi izi: kuyambira Lolemba mpaka Lachinayi ndikutsegula kuyambira 9.00 mpaka 18.00, ndipo Lachisanu amatseka ola limodzi kale. M'nthaŵi zakale anali ndi nthawi ya ntchito ya masiku asanu, zomwe zinasokoneza alendo. Tsopano ikhoza kuwonedwa Loweruka, kuyambira 9.00 mpaka 16.00.