Tsiku la Kuukitsidwa kwa Anthu a Balkar: Mbiri ndi Miyambo

Chimodzi mwa zochitika za ulamuliro wa Stalinist ndicho kuthamangitsidwa kwa anthu amwenye ochokera m'mayiko awo. Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, mu nthumwi za USSR za mayiko 61 anathamangitsidwa. Kodi n'chifukwa chiyani Stalin anadandaula? Nchifukwa chiyani mabalkar akukondwerera tsiku la chitsitsimutso cha anthu a Balkar? Kodi Kabardino-Balkaria ndi chiyani lero?

Zakale za mbiriyakale

Pa March 11, 1944, anthu a ku Balkariya 37,000 anaikidwa m'galimoto kuti azitsata ziweto. Ena mwa anthu omwe adatuluka mudziko lawo sanali anthu wamba, komanso olemekezeka odziwika bwino ndi apamwamba komanso ojambula. Chifukwa chomveka cha kuthamangitsidwa kwawo chinali chakuti akuluakulu a boma adanena kuti kutenga nawo mbali kwa anthu a ku Balkari ndi magulu ogwirizanitsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chipani cha Nazi pa nthawi ya nkhondo. Malingana ndi buku losavomerezeka, madera omasulidwawo anayenera kuloŵetsedwa ku Georgia ndipo potero amakhala mzere wotetezeka kumpoto kwa Caucasus Yaikulu.

Ntchito ya kumasulidwa kwa dziko inadutsa mwamsanga, mkati mwa masabata awiri. Pa February 28, Beria anaitana Stalin kuthamangitsa Balkar, ndipo pa March 11 anthuwo anasamukira ku Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Tajik, Irkutsk SSR ndi Far North.

Kukonzanso

Zaka 13 pambuyo pake, ndipo malinga ndi malamulo olembedwa mu 1956 ndi 1957, anthu a ku Turks anathamangitsidwa ndi Presidium ya Supreme Council, Hemshils, Kurds, Crimean Tatars ndi anthu ena analandira chilolezo chobwerera. Panthawiyi Balkarian SSR inagwirizana ndi Kabarda.

Kubwezeretsa kwapadera komwe kunayamba mu 1956 kunamalizidwa kokha m'chaka cha 1979, pamene anthu 90% adachoka kumadera omwe adakhala m'mayiko akunja.

Pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR, kuthamangitsidwa kwa anthu kunadziwika kuti ndi chiwonongeko ku boma, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa chuma kunaperekedwa kwa ozunzidwa pamtunda wa ruble 35,000.

Pulezidenti wa ku Ulaya adadziwika ngati chiwonongeko cha kuwonongedwa kwa Ingush ndi ku Chechens.

Kodi tchuthi ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale mbiri yakalekale, tchuthichi - tsiku la chitsitsimutso cha anthu a Balkar limakondwerera kuyambira 1994, mutatha pulezidenti wa KBR. Lero dziko lonse likukondwera ndi tsiku lofunika: okhala mumzinda uliwonse ndi mudzi akukonzekera zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana, ndipo madzulo amapanga zikondwerero zam'mwamba polemekeza lero.

Koma ambiri amakondwerera holide yomwe ili mumzindawu, ku Nalchik. Pali kale kale miyambo ndi miyambo yawo. Mwachitsanzo, chaka chilichonse maluwawo amaikidwa pa chikumbutso cha Kaisyn Kuliyev, ndakatulo ya anthu ndipo amapambana mphoto ziwiri: Lenin ndi State (RSFSR).

Ndiponso, gulu la anthu oyendetsa galimoto limodzi ndi galimoto yamagalimoto amachitika pachaka. Pa March 28, 2017, pafupifupi ma SUV zana anagwira nawo ntchitoyi, ndipo ophunzira adasonkhana kuchokera kudera lonse la North Caucasus Federal District. SUs amayamba ulendo wawo kuchokera ku siteshoni ya sitimayi - kuchokera kumene anthu a Balkari adabwerera pambuyo pa zaka 13 za ukapolo. Anthu oyendetsa masewerawa amatha kusanayambe msonkhano. Gawo ili ndi msonkho kwa zakale monga chizindikiro cha uthenga wabwino, umene wokwerayo ankabweretsa kunyumba. Mu 2017, nthawi yoyamba ulendo ndi msonkhano sizinayambe ku Kashkhatau (mudzi wa Cerek), koma ku Nalchik, pafupi ndi sitimayo. Malowa sanasankhidwe mwadzidzidzi - anthu a ku Balkari anabwerera kuchokera ku nthawi yaitali akapolo komweko.

Mu 2017, chochitika china chofunika kwa anthu chinachitika: mu mkhalidwe wapamwamba, msewu unatsegulidwa polemekeza chochitika ichi chosaiwalika.

Tsiku la chitsitsimutso cha anthu a Balkar silokha lokha lachilendo. Kuwonjezera pa iye, kondwerera Tsiku la Republic ndi Tsiku la Anthu Ozungulira (pa September 1 ndi 20, motsatira).

Tsiku la republic lidakondwezedwa kuyambira pamene lamulo latsopano linatulutsidwa - kuyambira 1997, ndipo tsikuli likugwirizana ndi tsiku la kukhazikitsidwa kwa Kabardian SSR.

Kabardino-Balkaria ndi boma lachi Islam, ndipo pano chaka chilichonse maholide achisilamu amakondwerera, tsiku limene laikidwa ndi hira.

Komanso m'mabuku onse a ku Russia amachitika maholide.

Maholide onse a Kabardino-Balkaria amachitikira mwakuya ndi kusunga miyambo ya dziko.

Masiku osakumbukika

Chaka ndi chaka, kupatulapo maholide, Balkar amapereka zikondwerero zapadera ndi zosaiŵalika zomwe zochitika zochitika zakale zinachitika. Izi zikuphatikizapo Tsiku la Chikumbutso cha Ozunzidwa Chifukwa cha Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Anthu a Balkar (March 8-9) ndi Tsiku la Chikumbutso cha Adygs - Ozunzidwa ndi Nkhondo ya Russia-Caucasian (May 21).

Masiku onse osangalatsa ndi osakumbukika ku Republic ndi osagwira ntchito.

Tsiku la chitsitsimutso cha anthu a Balkar sali chabe tchuthi. Ndilo chizindikiro cha kupambana kwa mzimu wa anthu wamba pa tsankho komanso kukonza mitundu.