N'chifukwa chiyani chidzenje chimakwirira wozungulira - ndi kufunikira kapena mwambo?

N'chifukwa chiyani chidzenje chimakwirira wozungulira? Ndipo zimene iwo akhoza kukhala? Theoretically, ndi zimaswa akhoza kukhala lalikulu kapena amakona anayi mawonekedwe. Koma zimenezi kamangidwe, m'malo - mwaiwala zimene malamulo. Zimaswa - si dzenje zosavuta, ziyenera adzatsekeredwa kutsekedwa. Izo ziyenera kukhala zosavuta ntchito ndi otetezeka ntchito.

Ngati mayiko - ndicho zofufuzafufuza, pa mlingo zolimbana, kudalirika kwa katundu lingakutsitsimuleni wozungulira kapu kamangidwe. Izo zimatengera mawonekedwe a kasinthidwe m'munsi Ndipo zimenezi, ndi kuchimbudzi chidzenje.

dongosolo zimbudzi

Kuchimbudzi zopezera - kuipidwa nyumba lakonzedwa kuti deta ndi kuchotsa kwa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ku chithandizo malo kuti amazigwiritsa ntchito. Izi mosavuta anachita mothandizidwa ndi zofunikira mobisa. Anakumba ngalande, iwo anaika chitoliro, umene akatulutsidwa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuti athe kutumikira dongosolo patapita ena mtunda zofunika anayendera mgodi. Kumbali ya zomangamanga m'tauni ndi wandiweyani nyumba mwayi sewers okha m'misewu kapena mwachindunji pansi iwo. Mu nkhani iyi, vehicular hatches magalimoto ayenera adzatsekeredwa kutsekedwa. Koma n'chifukwa chiyani chidzenje chimakwirira wozungulira? Iwo ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kupirira pazipita zotheka zoyendera katundu.

Mu mzinda waukulu chiwerengero cha manholes ndi mitundu yonse ya migodi zikhoza kukhala masauzande. Si zimbudzi yekha, akadali zopezera aya: madzi, magetsi, magetsi, gasi, foni ndi zina zotero.

manholes

Kwa mosavuta kwa aya za bwino kutsinde nthawi zonse umachitikira mawonekedwe chonse. Mphete kuchimbudzi ntchito erection nyumba zimenezi, nthawi zambiri a analimbitsa simenti.

The mawonekedwe cylindrical wa bwino ndi abwino kwambiri utumiki. M'migodi izi kubala ntchito bwino kwambiri. Iwo ali oyenera mpweya, kuyambira kufalitsa mpweya chinthu mawonekedwe cylindrical ndi kwambiri.

Kukula kwa malo pachikuto cha m'munsi komanso awiri mkati anasankha mogwirizana ndi cholinga choona kutsinde. Pankhaniyi, mbali zonse za dongosolo zidzakhala zogwirizana kwambiri. Iwo amaganizira malo, katundu zotheka, magalimoto mwamphamvu.

N'chifukwa chiyani chidzenje chimakwirira wozungulira?

Izo zimatengera mawonekedwe a chivundikirocho. Pa dzanja limodzi, ndodo ayenera mosavuta zofunikira mobisa. Komano, komanso ayenera adzatsekeredwa anatseka kuteteza ingress aliyense wa zinthu zakunja, kuonetsetsa kayendedwe abwino oyenda pansi ndi galimoto magalimoto. Round kapu bwino yosayenera izi, kotero, ayenera kukhala zimaswa mawonekedwe.

Malinga cholinga iwo zidzasankhidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa mauthenga, anakagona pansi iwo: Intaneti zomangamanga chingwe, madzi, mapaipi gasi, Kutentha mains, mphepo ndi madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngalande. Kukula kwa chidzenje m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi osiyana. Mu Russia, mulingo (645 ndi 800 mm) amapezeka kawirikawiri ntchito. Hatches anapanga osati mwa mfundo boma, cholinga ukule ndi opanga malinga ndi dongosolo ndi zenizeni zofunika luso.

N'chifukwa chiyani chidzenje chivundikiro wozungulira?

kasinthidwe Izi angapo ubwino. Poyamba hatches zinalengedwa wamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Iwo akhoza kukhala lalikulu, amakona anayi, chowulungika ndipo ngakhale makona kusonyeza madzi akulowera. Koma mawonekedwe wozungulira ya chivundikirocho kunapezeka kuti yoyenera kwambiri.

Sichilephera mkati bwino, ngati izo si. A chivindikiro zozungulira mosavuta kutsegula, kotero mphamvu ntchito mfundo kulikonse bwalo adzakhala yemweyo. Iwo akhoza adagulung'undisa, kuvala m'mphepete. Mu kupanga ngati eg ndi chuma yopindulitsa kwambiri.

The mawonekedwe wozungulira ya chivundikirocho ndi zochepa phunziro kwa subsidence. Iwo akhoza kulimbana ndi katundu wamkulu ndi makulidwe chomwecho, kutanthauza kuti angathe kukhala n'kakang'ono popanda kutaya khalidwe. Kupanga castings kuzungulira ndi kuchuluka m'munsi ziwonongeke (mphako, pores, cavities).

zakuthupi

M'munsi ndi chidzenje chikuto yovuta manholes zambiri zachitsulo chosungunula. Nkhanizi ali nyonga, chomwe chimathandiza katundu yonyamula katundu ndi kukaniza dzimbiri kwa nthawi yaitali moyo utumiki. Kulemera nyumba zokwanira kunyamula apaulendo sanathe mosadziwa kukweza ndi Wopanda chivundikiro. Osewera chitsulo chimakwirira amatuluka mu yadothi zipangizo sekondale yaiwisi, ali mtengo zitsulo Anzawo.

M'madera palibe magalimoto vehicular, kukhazikitsa olemera ndi amphamvu kapangidwe kosathandiza. Posachedwapa hatches pulasitiki kumeneko, ma polima ndi zipangizo gulu. Iwo savuta, mtengo, ndi malire okwanira chitetezo yaitali moyo utumiki.

Mu m'nyumba zonse kwa zimbudzi ngalande, zida manholes ndi septic akasinja kuchimbudzi ntchito mphete zopangidwa analimbitsa simenti. Pankhaniyi n'chofunikira kuyika pamwamba pa iwo maziko omwewo kuti izibala. Chivundikiro amadziwikanso chopangidwa kuchokera konkire. Ndi awiri akuluakulu, si m'gulu poyambira, koma kungoti atseka kutsegula kwa izibala. Chachikulu yomanga n'lalikulu moti sangathe mwangozi kusuntha. Amatipatsa chitetezo zofunika pa ntchito.

Mfundo ndi olemba

hatches lolemera (kalasi T) ntchito bwino katundu magalimoto. Iwo akhoza kukhala yolemera makilogalamu 100 ndi makulidwe a oposa 100 mm. Kumene kulibe magalimoto vehicular amaperekedwa ntchito kuwala hatches (A kalasi). Zomangamanga kwa minda, kapinga ndi zina (kalasi A) ndi awiri a 540 mamilimita ndi makulidwe 50 mm.

N'chifukwa chiyani chidzenje chimakwirira wozungulira ndipo akupita? Izi zachitika chifukwa mayiko kuzindikira ndi osiyana ndi zofunikira. Pa zisoti zawo imyutsya makalata: GS - mpweya network MG - mpweya waukulu GHG - moto mpope, etc.